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Electromagnetic devices made of artificially constructed metasurfaces can achieve filtering, modulation, sensing, and detection functions in the terahertz frequency band, which is essential for the applications of terahertz waves in the fields of communication and imaging. We design and prepare a flexible and transparent double spiral metasurface based on nano-printing technology, and use the metasurface to construct a rotating tunable filter, which can achieve regular tuning of the terahertz wave transmittance by rotating the metasurface. After rotating 90°, the transmittance at 0.52 THz increases from 8% to 67%, and the transmittance at 0.92 THz decreases from 68% to 3%, thus realizing active tuning with modulation depth greater than 88%. Moreover, the proposed nano-printing metasurfaces have excellent properties of ultra-thinness, flexibility, and visible light transparency, which are conducive to the miniaturization, light-weight and large-area preparation of terahertz tunable devices.
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Keywords:
- nano-printing /
- metasurfaces /
- terahertz /
- rotary tuning /
- visible light transparency
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图 1 纳米银印刷超表面 (a) 制备过程; (b) 样品
Figure 1. Nano-printing metasurface: (a) Preparation process; (b) sample.
图 2 双螺旋结构与旋转可调滤波器 (a) 3×3单元阵列示意图; (b) 单元尺寸; (c)滤波器示意图; (d) 滤波器实物图
Figure 2. Double-spiral structure and rotating tunable filter: (a) 3×3 cell array; (b) cell size; (c) schematic diagram of the filter; (d) picture of the filter.
图 3 旋转仿真结果 (a) 0°—90°; (b) 0°与90°
Figure 3. The simulation results of rotations: (a) 0°–90°; (b) 0° and 90°
图 4 偏振仿真结果 (a) 透射系数; (b)偏振转化率
Figure 4. The simulation results of polarization: (a) Transmission coefficient; (b) polarization conversion efficiency.
图 5 螺旋结构圆二色性 (a) 0°; (b) 90°; (c) 单螺旋
Figure 5. Circular dichroism of spiral structure: (a) 0°; (b) 90°; (c) single spiral
图 6 THz-TDS系统验证旋转可调滤波器示意图
Figure 6. Schematic diagram of verifying the rotating tunable filter by THz-TDS.
图 7 THz-TDS系统测量结果 (a) 0°—90°; (b) 0°与90°
Figure 7. THz-TDS system measurement results: (a) 0°–90°; (b) 0° and 90°.
图 8 超表面的S参数 (a) 0°; (b) 90°
Figure 8. S parameter of the metasurface: (a) 0°; (b) 90°.
图 9 超表面的等效阻抗 (a) 0°; (b) 90°
Figure 9. Equivalent impedance of the metasurface: (a) 0°; (b) 90°.
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[1] 张振伟, 崔伟丽, 张岩, 张存林 2006 红外与毫米波学报 25 217
Google Scholar
Zhang Z W, Cui W L, Zhang Y, Zhang C L 2006 J. Infrared Millim. Waves 25 217
Google Scholar
[2] Song H J, Ajito K, Muramoto Y, Wakatsuki A, Nagatsuma T, Kukutsu N 2012 Electron. Lett. 48 953
Google Scholar
[3] Harter T, Fullner C, Kwmal J N, Ummethala S, Steinmann J L, Brosi M, Hesler J L, Brundermann E, Muller A S, Freude W 2020 Nat. Photonics 14 601
Google Scholar
[4] Nagatsuma T, Ducournau G, Renaud C C 2016 Nat. Photonics 10 371
Google Scholar
[5] Lu M H, Shen J L, Li N, Zhang Y, Zhang C L, Liang L S, Xu X Y 2006 J. Appl. Phys. 100 103
[6] Li Q, Zhou Y, Yang Y F, Chen G H 2016 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 33 637
[7] Pickwell E, Wallace V P 2006 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 39 418
Google Scholar
[8] Yan B, Wang Z G, Zhan X, Lin L, Wang X L, Gong C, Liu W W 2020 Sci. Rep. 10 20876
Google Scholar
[9] Yu T, Zuo X, Liu W W, Gong C 2020 Opt. Commun. 459 124896
Google Scholar
[10] 李帅, 张岩, 高翔, 占涛, 赵得龙, 龚诚, 刘伟伟 2019 红外与毫米波学报 38 68
Google Scholar
Li S, Zhang Y, Gao X, Zhan T, Zhao D L, Gong C, Liu W W 2019 J. Infrared Millim. Waves 38 68
Google Scholar
[11] Gong C, Zhan M Z, Yang J, Wang Z G, Liu H T, Zhao Y J, Liu W W 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 32466
Google Scholar
[12] Wang H, Yan B, Jin H Z, Wang Z G, Guo L J, Li B Y, Yu B, Gong C 2021 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 54 225105
Google Scholar
[13] Arbabi A, Horie Y, Ball A J, Bagheri M B, Faraon A 2015 Nat. Commun. 6 7069
Google Scholar
[14] Xing T L, Bai T R, Tang Y, Lu Z Y, Huang Y L, Balmakou A, Wang J C 2020 Opt. Express 28 20334
Google Scholar
[15] Wang Z G, Jin H Z, Sun X F, Li X, Xu Y, Liu G, Gong C 2020 Opt. Commun. 474 126172
Google Scholar
[16] Yan B, Yu B, Xu J F, Li Y K, Wang Z G, Wang Z X, Yu B, Ma H Y, Gong C 2021 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 54 465102
Google Scholar
[17] Yachin V, Ivzhenko L, Polevoy S, Tarapov S 2016 Appl. Phys. Lett. 109 221905
Google Scholar
[18] Kumar P P, Sreelakshmi K, Sangeetha B, Narayan S 2017 International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing Melmaruvathur, Inida, February 8–10, 2017 p2081
[19] Chen H, Lu W B, Liu Z G, Zhang J, Huang B H 2017 IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 65 7383
Google Scholar
[20] Sun H Y, Li Z, Gu C Q, Xu Q, Chen X L, Sun Y H, Lu S C, Martin F 2018 Sci. Rep. 8 076401
[21] Guo X X, Goussev V, Tournat V, Paulson J A 2019 Phys. Rev. E 99 052209
Google Scholar
[22] 程进, 周顺, 孙雪平, 蒲欣欣, 孙其梁, 徐英舜, 刘卫国 2020 光子学报 49 0724001
Google Scholar
Cheng J, Zhou S, Sun X P, Pu X X, Sun Q L, Xu Y S, Liu W G 2020 ACTA Photonica Sin. 49 0724001
Google Scholar
[23] 于洋, 肿帆, 江西, 褚琼琼, 祝世宁, 刘辉 2021 中国光学 14 927
Google Scholar
Yu Y, Zhong F, Jiang X, Chu Q Q Zhu S N, Liu H 2021 Chin. Opt. Lett. 14 927
Google Scholar
[24] 夏雨, 王毅, 曹群生 2021 微波学报 37 68
Xia Y, Wang Y, Cao Q S. 2021 J. Microwaves 37 68
[25] Yu N F, Genevet P, Kats M A, Aieta F, Tetienne J P, Capasso F, Gaburro Z 2011 Science 334 333
Google Scholar
[26] Ni X, Kildishev A V, Shalaev V M 2013 Nat. Commun. 4 1
[27] Dai Z J, Su Q, Wang Y F, Qi P F, Wang X L, Liu W W 2019 Laser Phys. 29 065301
Google Scholar
[28] 孟磊, 徐娜 2014 吉林化工学院学报 31 75
Google Scholar
Meng L, Xu N 2014 J. Jilin Ins. Chem. Technol. 31 75
Google Scholar
[29] 柏林, 张信歌, 蒋卫祥, 崔铁军 2021 雷达学报 10 240
Google Scholar
Bai L, Zhang X G, Jiang W X, Cui T J 2021 J. Radars 10 240
Google Scholar
[30] Wang J, Wang X C, Gao X, Ning R X 2021 J. Measure. Sci. Instru. 12 362
[31] Sautter J, Staude I, Decker M, Rusak E, Neshev D N, Brener I, Kivshar Y S 2015 ACS Nano 9 4308
Google Scholar
[32] 李国华 2010 博士学位论文 (长沙: 国防科技大学)
Li G H 2010 Ph. D. Dissertation (Changsha: National University of Defense Technology) (in Chinese)
[33] 李宇涵, 邓联文, 罗衡, 贺龙辉, 贺君, 徐运超, 黄生祥 2019 68 095201
Google Scholar
Li Y H, Deng L W, Luo H, He L H, He J, Xu Y C, Huang S X 2019 Acta Phys. Sin. 68 095201
Google Scholar
[34] Smith D R, Vier D C, Koschny T, Soukoulis C M 2005 Phys. Rev. E 71 0036617
Google Scholar
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