Terahertz surface polaritons

Zhang Xue-Jin; Lu Yan-Qing; Chen Yan-Feng; Zhu Yong-Yuan; Zhu Shi-Ning

doi:10.7498/aps.66.148705

Abstract

Enormous efforts have been made to manipulate the light-matter interactions, especially in sub-diffraction-limited space, leading to miniaturized and integrated photonic devices. In physics, an elementary excitation, called polariton, which is the quantum of the coupled photon and polar elementary excitation wave field, underlies the light-matter interaction. In the dispersion relation, polaritons behave as anti-crossing interacting resonance. Surface polaritons provide ultra-confinement of electromagnetic field at the interface, opening up possibilities for sub-diffraction-limited devices, and various field enhancement effects. In the electromagnetic spectra, terahertz (THz) regime was called THz gap before the 1990s, but has now been thrust into the limelight with great significance. This review is devoted to the emerging but rapidly developing field of sub-diffraction-limited THz photonics, with an emphasis on the materials and the physics of surface polaritons. A large breadth of different flavours of materials and surface polaritonic modes have been summarized. The former includes metallic, dielectric, semiconductor, two-dimensional (2D) materials, metamaterials, etc.; the latter covers surface phonon-, plasmon-, and hybrid polaritons. In the THz regime, 2D surface plasmon polariton and artificial surface phonon polaritons offer more attractive advantages in ability to obtain low-loss, tunable, ultracompact light-matter modes.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China

Corresponding author: Zhang Xue-Jin, xuejinzh@nju.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFA0303700) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11621091, 11374150, 11274159).

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Cited By

[1]	Tonouchi M 2007 Nat. Photon. 1 97
[2]	Ferguson B, Zhang X C 2002 Nat. Mater. 1 26
[3]	Soref R 2010 Nat. Photon. 4 495
[4]	Mittleman D 2003 Sensing with Terahertz Radiation (Berlin: Springer)
[5]	Sakai K 2005 Terahertz Optoelectronics (Berlin: Springer)
[6]	Lee Y S 2009 Principles of Terahertz Science and Technology (Berlin: Springer)
[7]	Zhang X C, Xu J 2010 Introduction to THz Wave Photonics (Berlin: Springer)
[8]	Dhillon S S, Vitiello M S, Linfield E H, et al. 2017 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 50 043001
[9]	Fleischmann M, Hendra P J, McQuillan A J 1974 Chem. Phys. Lett. 26 163
[10]	Jeanmaire D L, van Duyne R P 1977 J. Electroanal. Chem. 84 1
[11]	Kneipp K, Wang Y, Kneipp H, Perelman L T, Itzkan I, Dasari R R, Feld M S 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 1667
[12]	Nie S, Emory S R 1997 Science 275 1101
[13]	Li J F, Huang Y F, Ding Y, Yang Z L, Li S B, Zhou X S, Fan F R, Zhang W, Zhou Z Y, Wu D Y, Ren B, Wang Z L, Tian Z Q 2010 Nature 464 392
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[17]	Pompa P P, Martiradonna L, Della Torre A, Della Sala F, Manna L, de Vittorio M, Calabi F, Cingolani R, Rinaldi R 2006 Nat. Nanotech. 1 126
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