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Graphene synthesis by chemical-vapor-deposition (CVD) has attracted great interest. As the substrates for graphene growth, copper has become a common choice because its capacity could produce high-quality and uniform monolayer graphene. Morphology and surface conditions of the copper foil have great influence on the quality of the graphene grown on it. Here we report a rapid and effective copper pre-treatment method to improve the quality of graphene. After a pre-etching in 1 mol/L Fe(NO3)3 aqueous solutions for 90 s, the quality of the copper foil surface has been improved. Compared with the HCl treatment and electro-chemical polishing, Fe(NO3)3 pre-etching can generate a better result and has been verified to have general applicability for different types of copper foils.
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Keywords:
- graphene /
- copper /
- pre-treatment /
- chemical-vapor-deposition
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[1] Novoselov K S, Geim A K, Morozov S V, Jiang D, Zhang Y, Dubonos S V, Grigorieva I V, Firsov A A 2004 Science 306 666
[2] [3] Liao L, Lin Y C, Bao M, Cheng R, Bai J, Liu Y, Qu Y, Wang K L, Huang Y, Duan X 2010 Nature 467 305
[4] [5] Bae S, Kim H, Lee Y, Xu X, Park J S, Zheng Y, Balakrishnan J, Lei T, Kim H R, Song Y I, Kim Y J, Kim K S, Ozyilmaz B, Ahn J H, Hong B H, Iijima S 2010 Nat. Nanotechnol. 5 574
[6] Qin M M, Ji W, Feng Y Y, Feng W 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 028103
[7] [8] [9] Stoller M D, Park S, Zhu Y, An J, Ruoff R S 2008 Nano Lett. 8 3498
[10] [11] Ma L, Tan Z B, Tan C L, Liu G T, Yang C L, Lv L 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 107302 (in Chinese)[马丽, 谭振兵, 谭长玲, 刘广同, 杨昌黎, 吕力 2011 60 107302]
[12] Park S, An J, Jung I, Piner R D, An S J, Li X, Velamakanni A, Ruoff R S 2009 Nano Lett. 9 1593
[13] [14] [15] Huang L X, Chen Y F, Li P J, Huang R, He J R, Wang Z G, Hao X, Liu J B, Zhang W L, Li Y R 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 156103 (in Chinese)[黄乐旭, 陈远富, 李萍剑, 黄然, 贺加瑞, 王泽高, 郝昕, 刘竞博, 张万里, 李言荣 2012 61 156103]
[16] Li J, Wang L, Feng Z H, Yu C, Liu Q B, Dun S B, Cai S J 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 097304
[17] [18] [19] Li X, Cai W, An J, Kim S, Nah J, Yang D, Piner R, Velamakanni A, Jung I, Tutuc E, Banerjee S K, Colombo L, Ruoff R S 2009 Science 324 1312
[20] Wang W R, Zhou Y X, Li T, Wang Y L, Xie X M 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 038702 (in Chinese)[王文荣, 周玉修, 李铁, 王跃林, 谢晓明 2012 61 038702]
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[24] [25] Gao L, Ren W, Xu H, Jin L, Wang Z, Ma T, Ma L P, Zhang Z, Fu Q, Peng L M, Bao X, Cheng H M 2012 Nat. Commun. 3 1
[26] [27] Sutter P W, Flege J I, Sutter E A 2008 Nat. Mater. 7 406
[28] Coraux J, NDiaye A T, Busse C, Michely T 2008 Nano Lett. 8 565
[29] [30] [31] Li X, Magnuson C W, Venugopal A, Tromp R M, Hannon J B, Vogel E M, Colombo L, Ruoff R S 2011 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133 2816
[32] [33] Wang H, Wang G, Bao P, Yang S, Zhu W, Xie X, Zhang W J 2012 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134 3627
[34] Wu T, Ding G, Shen H, Wang H, Sun L, Jiang D, Xie X, Jiang M 2013 Adv. Funct. Mater. 23 198
[35] [36] [37] Chen S, Ji H, Chou H, Li Q, Li H, Suk J W, Piner R, Liao L, Cai W, Ruoff R S 2013 Adv. Mater. 25 2062
[38] [39] Ferrari A C, Meyer J C, Scardaci V, Casiraghi C, Lazzeri M, Mauri F, Piscanec S, Jiang D, Novoselov K S, Roth S, Geim A K 2006 Phy. Rev. Lett. 97 187401
[40] [41] Li Q, Chou H, Zhong J H, Liu J Y, Dolocan A, Zhang J, Zhou Y, Ruoff R S, Chen S S, Cai W W 2013 Nano Lett. 13 486
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