Dual-wavelength self-mode-locked semiconductor disk laser

Shen Xiao-Hong; Zeng Ying-Ying; Mao Lin; Zhu Ren-Jiang; Wang Tao; Luo Hai-Jun; Tong Cun-Zhu; Wang Li-Jie; Song Yan-Rong; Zhang Peng

doi:10.7498/aps.71.20220483

Abstract

Dual-wavelength mode-locked lasers can be widely used in optical communication, pump-probe experiment, nonlinear frequency conversion, etc. In this paper, a dual-wavelength self-mode-locked semiconductor disk laser is reported for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. A simple linear resonator is formed by using a high reflectivity distributed Bragg reflector at the bottom of the gain chip, and an external output mirror; the cavity length is about 135 mm, with no need of additional inserted elements. Based on the Kerr effect of the gain medium and the soft aperture formed by the pump spot on the gain chip, along with the fine adjustment of cavity length and pump intensity, the mode-locking process can be started from the free running and the stable self-mode-locking can be realized. The mode-locked pulse width is 4.3 ps, the repetition rate is 1.1 GHz, and the maximum output power is 323.9 mW, which corresponds to a peak power of 68 W. After the laser is mode locked, a readily available blade, which can introduce a wavelength-dependent loss for different laser modes, resulting in a lager cavity loss for a longer-wavelength mode and a smaller cavity loss for a shorter-wavelength mode, is used as a wavelength tuning element, and is inserted into the cavity in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the resonator. By changing the depth of the blade inserted into the cavity, the laser wavelength can be continuously tuned from the initial oscillating wavelength (longer-wavelength) to a shorter wavelength, a stable dual-wavelength output with equal intensity can be obtained at a specific position, and the stable continuous-wave mode-locking can be maintained simultaneously. The steady dual-wavelengths in the experiment are 951 and 961 nm, and the corresponding output power is 32 mW. The above dual-wavelength outputs have good coherence since they are stimulated radiations from the same gain chip. Meanwhile, they have relatively high peak power and strictly meet the coaxial conditions, and these are all advantages for the difference frequency generation (DFG). The frequency of the DFG in the experiment is approximately 3.3 THz, which can be widely used in laser radar, remote sensing, homeland security, counter-terrorism, atmospheric and environmental monitoring and otherareas.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
2.
Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
3.
College of Applied Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
4.
National Center for Applied Mathematics, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China

Corresponding author: Wang Tao, wangt@cqnu.edu.cn ; Zhang Peng, zhangpeng2010@cqnu.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the Cooperation Project between Chongqing Local Universities and Institutions of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (Grant No. HZ2021007), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61904024, 61975003, 61790584, 62025506), and the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, China (Grant No. KJZD-M201900502)

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References

[1]	Guina M, Rantamäki A, Härkönen A 2017 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 50 383001 Google Scholar
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Cited By

图 1 自锁模SDLs实验简图

Figure 1. Schematics of the self-mode-locked SDLs.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 自锁模SDLs输出的连续脉冲序列, 其上部插图为1 μs的时间扩展范围上的结果

Figure 2. The continuous-wave mode-locked pulse of the self-mode-locked SDLs. The upper inset is the results in the time extended range of 1 μs.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 锁模脉冲的射频频谱, 其中1.1 GHz的基频信号即为脉冲的重复频率, 该值与自锁模SDLs的135 mm谐振腔长度严格对应

Figure 3. The RF spectrum of mode-locked pulse train, in which the fundamental frequency signal of 1.1 GHz is the repetition frequency of the mode-locked pulses, which strictly corresponds to the 135 mm resonator cavity length of the self-mode-locked SDLs.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 4 锁模脉冲的自相关测量结果

Figure 4. Autocorrelation trance of the mode-locked pulses.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 5 自锁模SDLs的激光光谱

Figure 5. Laser spectrum of the self-mode-locked SDLs.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 6 SDLs的输出功率随泵浦功率变化曲线

Figure 6. Output power of the SDLs versus pump power.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 7 锁模SDLs的光束质量M²因子

Figure 7. Beam quality M² factor of the mold-locked SDLs.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 8 用于获得双波长的SDLs结构简图

Figure 8. Schematics of the dual-wavelength SDLs.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 9 泵浦功率为5.5 W时, SDLs的波长调谐和双波长输出, 及其相应的输出功率

Figure 9. Wavelength tuning and dual-wavelength output of the SDLs, and the corresponding output power when the pump power is set as 5.5 W.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 10 双波长SDL自锁模输出的连续脉冲序列

Figure 10. Pulse train of the dual-wavelength continuous-wave self-mode-locked SDL.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 11 双波长锁模脉冲的射频频谱, 其中的插图显示了四次谐波

Figure 11. RF spectrum of the dual-wavelength mode-locked pulse train. The inset shows harmonics up to fourth.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

map

[1]	Guina M, Rantamäki A, Härkönen A 2017 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 50 383001 Google Scholar
[2]	Rahimi-Iman A 2016 J. Opt.-UK. 18 093003 Google Scholar
[3]	Calvez S, Hastie J E, Guina M, Okhotnikov O G, Dawson M. D 2009 Laser Photonics Rev. 3 407 Google Scholar
[4]	Esposito E, Keatings S, Gardner K, Harris J, Riis E, McConnell G 2008 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79 083702 Google Scholar
[5]	Wang C L, Chuang Y H, Pan C L 1995 Opt. Lett. 20 1071 Google Scholar
[6]	Khalighi M A, Uysal M 2014 IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials 16 2231 Google Scholar
[7]	Chen Y F, Tsai S W, Wang S C, Huang Y C, Lin T C, Wong B C 2002 Opt. Lett. 27 1809 Google Scholar
[8]	Leinonen T, Morozov Y A, Harkonen A, Pessa M 2005 IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 17 2508 Google Scholar
[9]	Fan L, Fallahi M, Hader J, Zakharian A R, Moloney J V, Stolz W, Koch S W, Bedford R, Murray J T 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 181124 Google Scholar
[10]	Hessenius C, Terry N, Fallahi M, Moloney J, Bedford R 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 3060 Google Scholar
[11]	Hessenius C, Lukowski M, Fallahi M 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 121110 Google Scholar
[12]	Scheller M, Koch S W, Moloney J V 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 25 Google Scholar
[13]	Zhang F, Gaafar M, Möller C, Stolz W, Koch M, Rahimi-Iman A 2016 IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 28 927 Google Scholar
[14]	邱小浪, 王爽爽, 张晓健, 朱仁江, 张鹏, 郭于鹤洋, 宋晏蓉 2019 68 114204 Google Scholar Qiu X L, Wang S S, Zhang X J, Zhu R J, Zhang P, Guo Y H Y, Song Y R 2019 Acta Phys. Sin. 68 114204 Google Scholar
[15]	Zhang P, Mao L, Zhang X, Wang T, Wang L, Zhu R 2021 Opt. Express 29 16572 Google Scholar
[16]	Scheller M, Baker C W, Koch S W, Moloney J V, Jones R J 2017 IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 29 790 Google Scholar
[17]	De S, Baili G, Alouini M, Harmand J C, Bouchoule S, Bretenaker F 2014 Opt. Lett. 39 5586 Google Scholar
[18]	Tilma B W, Mangold M, Zaugg C A, Link S M, Waldburger D, Klenner A, Mayer A S, Gini E, Golling M, Keller U 2015 Light-Sci. Appl. 4 e310 Google Scholar
[19]	Good J T, Holland D B, Finneran I A, Carroll P B, Kelley M J, Blake G A 2015 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 86 103107 Google Scholar
[20]	Miller D A B 2000 IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 6 1312 Google Scholar
[21]	Keller U 2003 Nature 424 831 Google Scholar
[22]	Liu X, Yao X, Cui Y 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 121 023905 Google Scholar
[23]	Liu X, Pang M 2019 Laser Photonics Rev. 13 1800333 Google Scholar
[24]	Hoogland S, Dhanjal S, Tropper A C, Roberts J S, Haring R, Paschotta R, Morier-Genoud F, Keller U 2000 IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 12 1135 Google Scholar
[25]	Gaafar M A, Rahimi-Iman A, Fedorova K A, Stolz W, Rafailov E U, Koch M 2016 Adv. Opt. Photonics 8 370 Google Scholar
[26]	Chen Y F, Lee Y C, Liang H C, Lin K Y, Su K W, Huang K F 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 4581 Google Scholar
[27]	Kornaszewski L, Maker G, Malcolm G P A, Butkus M, Rafailov E U, Hamilton C J 2012 Laser Photonics Rev. 6 L20 Google Scholar
[28]	Bek R, Großmann M, Kahle H, Koch M, Rahimi-Iman A, Jetter M, Michler P 2017 Appl. Phys. Lett. 111 182105 Google Scholar
[29]	Albrecht A R, Wang Y, Ghasemkhani M, Seletskiy D V, Cederberg J G, Sheik-Bahae M 2013 Opt. Express 21 28801 Google Scholar
[30]	Cong Z, Tang D, De Tan W, Zhang J, Xu C, Luo D, Xu X, Li D, Xu J, Zhang X, Wang Q 2011 Opt. Express 19 3984 Google Scholar
[31]	Scheller M, Baker C W, Koch S W, Moloney J V 2016 IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 28 1325 Google Scholar

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