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Metal nanoparticles have potential applications in the fields of optical sensing and optoelectronic devices, due to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) which enhances the spontaneous emission rate of nearby fluorescent molecules. The LSPR of metal nanoparticles is closely related to its material, shape, size and ambient medium, which affects the applications of nanoparticles in specific devices. In this paper, the LSPR effect of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) with different shapes of sphere, ellipsoid, cube, and triangular-prism, is investigated by using a three-dimensional finite difference time domain. The absorption and scattering spectra of the individual SNPs are first calculated. The resonance peaks are red shifted and enhanced with sharpness increasing from the nano-sphere to the nano-triangular-prism because the surface charges accumulate in the sharp corners. Then the effects of SNPs on the radiation power of the dipole source and light extraction efficiency of the light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are studied. The dipole radiation power decreases near the resonance wavelength due to the absorptions of SNPs, while increases after the resonance wavelength because of the coupling between the SNP LSPR and the dipole radiation. The calculated electric field distribution shows that the LSPR electric field of the SNPs concentrate near the surface of the dielectric film because of the interaction between the SNPs and the film. The concentrated electric field helps to improve the coupling between the LSPR and the dipole, which enhances the dipole radiation power in the LED. In the several kinds of SNPs, nano-cube SNP shows the most significant improvement on the dipole radiation power because of the strongest interaction with the dielectric film. In addition, the scattering effect of the SNP reduces the internal total reflection of light and improves the light extraction efficiency of the LED. Nano-ellipsoid SNP significantly enhances the light extraction because of its strongest scattering intensity. Further, the influence of the refractive index of the dielectric film on the dipole radiation power is studied. It is found that a higher refractive index of dielectric film helps to enhance the interaction between the SNPs and the film and improves the dipole radiation power. The optimized value of refractive index is acquired through detailed calculation.
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Keywords:
- metal nanoparticle /
- localized surface plasmon resonance /
- light-emitting diode /
- emission power
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[1] Muller C D, Reckefuss N, Rudati P S, et al. 2004 Proc. SPIE Bellingham 5214 21
[2] Schilinsky P, Waldauf C, Brabec C J 2006 Adv. Funct. Mater. 16 1669
[3] Crawford M H 2009 IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron. 15 1028
[4] Zhang Y N, Wang J F 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 097801 (in Chinese)[张雅男, 王俊峰 2015 64 097801]
[5] Yagi T, Satoh R, Yamada Y, Kang H, Miyao H, Sawa K 2012 J. Soc. Inf. Display 20 526
[6] Ji W Y, Zhang L T, Xie W F 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 2019
[7] Li C 2015 M. S. Thesis (Shanghai:East China Normal University)(in Chinese)[李朝 2015 硕士学位论文 (上海:华东师范大学)]
[8] Margueritat J, Gonzalo J, Afonso C N, Mlayah A, Murray D B, Saviot L 2006 Nano Lett. 6 2037
[9] Gao H W, Henzie J, Odom T W 2006 Nano Lett. 6 2104
[10] Liu F, Nunzi J M 2012 Proc. SPIE Brussels 8424 84243E
[11] Fujiki A, Uemura T, Zettsu N 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 043307
[12] Xiao Y, Yang J P, Cheng P P, Zhu J J 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 013308
[13] Xie W F, Xu K, Li Y, Wen X M, Zhang L T 2013 Chin. J. Lumin. 34 535
[14] Tanaka T, Totoki Y, Fujiki A, Zettsu N, Miyake Y 2011 Appl. Phys. Exp. 4 032105
[15] Ma W Y, Yang H, Liu J Y, Ni Z G, Tang D S, Yao J 2010 Acta Opt. Sin. 30 2629
[16] Lin Y, Liu X Q, Wang T, Chen C, Wu H, Liao L, Liu C 2013 Nature Nanotech. 24 125705
[17] Mock J J, Oldcnburg S J, Smith D R 2002 Nano Lett. 2 465
[18] Huang P, Fu Y Q, Du J L, Zhuo C X, Luo X G (in Chinese)[黄鹏, 付永启, 杜惊雷, 周崇喜, 罗先刚 2009 光散射学报 21 157]
[19] Pang Z, Wan L Y, Huang J Q, Ouyang Y F (in Chinese)[庞智,万玲玉,黄继钦,欧阳义芳 2014 光散射学报 26 307]
[20] Sherry L J, Chang S H, Schatz G C, Richard P, van Duyne R P, Wiley B J, Xia Y 2005 Nano Lett. 5 2034
[21] Benjamin J W, Sang H I, Li Z Y, Joeseph M L, Andrew S, Xia Y N 2006 J. Phys. Chem. B 110 15666
[22] Jeffrey M M, Wang Y M, Leif J S, Richard P V D, Laurence D M, Stephen K G, George C S 2009 J. Phys. Chem. C 113 2731
[23] Moon S K, Yang J K 2014 J. Opt. Soc. Korea 18 582
[24] Tu X B, Wang S J (in Chinese)[涂新斌,王思敬 2004 岩土工程学报 26 659]
[25] Aizpurua J, Bryant G W, Richter L J, de Abajo F J G, Kelley B K, Mallouk T 2005 Phys. Rev. B 71 235420
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