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Based on the stable solid solution cluster model, cupronickel is microalloylized in this paper. Alloys with different Ni-M (M=Si, Cr, Cr+Fe) ratios are designed at constant atomic ration of Cu (72.22 at.%). The high temperature oxidation resistance and mechanism of alloy are also investigated. In the Cu-Ni-Si system, the addition of Ni-Si can enhance the oxidation resistance of the alloy from two aspects: firstly, the Ni-Si is in solid solution state when being added as a cluster, it can inhibit the chemical reactivity of Cu-Ni-Si alloy; secondly, anti-oxidation precipitation can be obtained with the increase of Si/Ni ratio. Therefore, the oxidation resistance of the alloy is not because of the formation of the compact silicon oxide film. In the Cu-Ni-Cr system, the oxidation is obviously inhibited at medium temperatures (lower than 800 ℃). But at higher temperatures, the oxidation resistance is relevant to the integrality of chrome oxide layer. The high temperature oxidation resistance is closely related to Cr/Ni ratio, hence an appropriate Cr/Ni ratio is necessary for the good high temperature oxidation resistance. Compared with the third element Cr, the forth element Fe cannot be oxidized first. Therefore, combined addition of Cr and Fe can only inhibit the medium temperature oxidation, but not high temperature oxidation.
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Keywords:
- copper alloy /
- oxidation /
- cluster-plus-glue-atom-mode /
- scanning electron microscope
[1] Wang Q, Ma M Z, Jing Q, Li G, Qi L, Zhang X Y, Wang W K, Liu R P 2008 Chin. Phys. Lett. 25 3808
[2] 《Engineering Materials Practical Handbook》Editorial Board 2002 Engineering Materials Practical Handbook (Version 2) (Beijing: Higher Education Press) (in Chinese) pp452–465 [《工程材料实用手册》 编辑委员会 2002 工程材料实用手册 (第2版) (北京: 中国标准出版社) 第452–465页]
[3] Bergmann W 1989 Werkstofftechnik (Vol. 1) (Munich: Hanser) p246, Vol. 2 p511
[4] Kohlrausch F 1968 Praktische Physik (Vol. 3) (Stuttgart: Teubner) p84
[5] Pan Q H 1996 The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals 6 91 (in Chinese) [潘奇汉 1996 中国有色金属学报 6 91]
[6] Beck T R 1995 in: J. Evans (ed) Light Metals, TMS, Warrendale, PA, USA p335
[7] Suzuki S, Shibutani N, Mimura K, Isshiki M, Waseda Y 2006 J. Alloys Compd. 417 116
[8] Yamamoto Y, Sasaki G, Yamakawa K, Ota M 2000 Hitachi Cable Review 19 65
[9] Xiang J H, Li W K, Yang Q L, Zheng Y 2005 J. Yunnan Univ. 27 367 (in Chinese) [向军淮, 李文魁, 杨千兰, 郑勇 2005 云南大学学报 27 367]
[10] Cao Z Q, Niu Y 2001 Corros. Sci. Protect. Technol. 13 408 (in Chinese) [曹中秋, 牛焱 2001 腐蚀科学与防腐技术 13 408]
[11] Cao Z Q, Niu Y, Gesmundo F 2001 Oxid. Met. 56 287
[12] Tomlinson W J, Yates J 1978 Oxid. Met. 12 323
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[14] Qi N, Jia Y L, Liu H Q, Yi D Q, Chen Z Q 2012 Chin. Phys. Lett. 29 127803
[15] Zhao D M, Dong Q M, Liu P, Kang B X, Huang J L, Jin Z H 2003 Mater. Chem. Phys. 79 81
[16] Shao C W, Wang Z H, Li Y N, Zhao Q, Zhang L 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 179 (in Chinese) [邵琛玮, 王振华, 李艳男,赵骞, 张林 2011 60 179]
[17] Liu L, Dong Y D, He Y Z 1993 Acta Phys. Sin. (Overseas Edition) 2 731
[18] Wen D D, Peng P, Jiang Y Q, Tian Z A, Liu R S 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 196101 (in Chinese) [文大东, 彭平, 蒋元祺, 田泽安, 刘让苏 2013 62 196101]
[19] Ding L P, Kuang X Y, Shao P, Zhao Y R, Li Y F 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 043601
[20] Qian S, Guo X L, Wang J J, Yu X Q, Wu S X, Yu J 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 57803 (in Chinese) [钱帅, 郭新立, 王家佳, 余新泉, 吴三械, 于金 2013 62 57803]
[21] Chen J X, Wang Q, Wang Y M, Dong C 2010 Phil. Mag. Lett. 90 683
[22] Dong C, Wang Q, Qiang J B, Wang Y M, Jiang N, Han G, Li Y H, Wu J, Xia J H 2007 Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 40 R273
[23] Dong C, Chen W R, Wang Y M, Qiang J B, Wang Q, Lei Y J 2007 Non-Cryst. Solids 353 3405
[24] Hao C Q, Wang Q, Ma R T, Wang Y M, Qiang J B, Dong C 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 116101 (in Chinese) [郝传璞, 王清, 马仁涛, 王英敏, 羌键兵, 董闯 2011 60 116101]
[25] Takeuchi A, Inoue A 2005 Mater. Trans. 46 2817
[26] Zhang J, Wang Q, Wang Y M, Wen L S, Dong C 2010 J. Alloys Compd. 505 179
[27] Wang T C, Chen R Z, Tuan W H 2003 J. Europ. Ceram. Soc. 23 927
[28] Liu G L, Yang J 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 4939 (in Chinese) [刘贵立, 杨杰 2010 59 4939]
[29] Li X N, Liu L J, Zhang X Y, Chu J P, Wang Q, Dong C 2012 J. Electron. Mater. 41 3447
[30] Cao Z Q, Shen Y, Liu W H, Xue Y 2006 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 425 138
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[1] Wang Q, Ma M Z, Jing Q, Li G, Qi L, Zhang X Y, Wang W K, Liu R P 2008 Chin. Phys. Lett. 25 3808
[2] 《Engineering Materials Practical Handbook》Editorial Board 2002 Engineering Materials Practical Handbook (Version 2) (Beijing: Higher Education Press) (in Chinese) pp452–465 [《工程材料实用手册》 编辑委员会 2002 工程材料实用手册 (第2版) (北京: 中国标准出版社) 第452–465页]
[3] Bergmann W 1989 Werkstofftechnik (Vol. 1) (Munich: Hanser) p246, Vol. 2 p511
[4] Kohlrausch F 1968 Praktische Physik (Vol. 3) (Stuttgart: Teubner) p84
[5] Pan Q H 1996 The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals 6 91 (in Chinese) [潘奇汉 1996 中国有色金属学报 6 91]
[6] Beck T R 1995 in: J. Evans (ed) Light Metals, TMS, Warrendale, PA, USA p335
[7] Suzuki S, Shibutani N, Mimura K, Isshiki M, Waseda Y 2006 J. Alloys Compd. 417 116
[8] Yamamoto Y, Sasaki G, Yamakawa K, Ota M 2000 Hitachi Cable Review 19 65
[9] Xiang J H, Li W K, Yang Q L, Zheng Y 2005 J. Yunnan Univ. 27 367 (in Chinese) [向军淮, 李文魁, 杨千兰, 郑勇 2005 云南大学学报 27 367]
[10] Cao Z Q, Niu Y 2001 Corros. Sci. Protect. Technol. 13 408 (in Chinese) [曹中秋, 牛焱 2001 腐蚀科学与防腐技术 13 408]
[11] Cao Z Q, Niu Y, Gesmundo F 2001 Oxid. Met. 56 287
[12] Tomlinson W J, Yates J 1978 Oxid. Met. 12 323
[13] Srivastava V C, Schneider A, Uhlenwinkel V, Ojha S N, Bauckhage K 2004 J. Mater. Process. Technol. 147 174
[14] Qi N, Jia Y L, Liu H Q, Yi D Q, Chen Z Q 2012 Chin. Phys. Lett. 29 127803
[15] Zhao D M, Dong Q M, Liu P, Kang B X, Huang J L, Jin Z H 2003 Mater. Chem. Phys. 79 81
[16] Shao C W, Wang Z H, Li Y N, Zhao Q, Zhang L 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 179 (in Chinese) [邵琛玮, 王振华, 李艳男,赵骞, 张林 2011 60 179]
[17] Liu L, Dong Y D, He Y Z 1993 Acta Phys. Sin. (Overseas Edition) 2 731
[18] Wen D D, Peng P, Jiang Y Q, Tian Z A, Liu R S 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 196101 (in Chinese) [文大东, 彭平, 蒋元祺, 田泽安, 刘让苏 2013 62 196101]
[19] Ding L P, Kuang X Y, Shao P, Zhao Y R, Li Y F 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 043601
[20] Qian S, Guo X L, Wang J J, Yu X Q, Wu S X, Yu J 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 57803 (in Chinese) [钱帅, 郭新立, 王家佳, 余新泉, 吴三械, 于金 2013 62 57803]
[21] Chen J X, Wang Q, Wang Y M, Dong C 2010 Phil. Mag. Lett. 90 683
[22] Dong C, Wang Q, Qiang J B, Wang Y M, Jiang N, Han G, Li Y H, Wu J, Xia J H 2007 Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 40 R273
[23] Dong C, Chen W R, Wang Y M, Qiang J B, Wang Q, Lei Y J 2007 Non-Cryst. Solids 353 3405
[24] Hao C Q, Wang Q, Ma R T, Wang Y M, Qiang J B, Dong C 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 116101 (in Chinese) [郝传璞, 王清, 马仁涛, 王英敏, 羌键兵, 董闯 2011 60 116101]
[25] Takeuchi A, Inoue A 2005 Mater. Trans. 46 2817
[26] Zhang J, Wang Q, Wang Y M, Wen L S, Dong C 2010 J. Alloys Compd. 505 179
[27] Wang T C, Chen R Z, Tuan W H 2003 J. Europ. Ceram. Soc. 23 927
[28] Liu G L, Yang J 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 4939 (in Chinese) [刘贵立, 杨杰 2010 59 4939]
[29] Li X N, Liu L J, Zhang X Y, Chu J P, Wang Q, Dong C 2012 J. Electron. Mater. 41 3447
[30] Cao Z Q, Shen Y, Liu W H, Xue Y 2006 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 425 138
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