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Co-Al-W基高温合金具有类似于Ni基高温合金的
$\gamma + \gamma′$ 相组织结构. 根据面心立方固溶体的团簇加连接原子结构模型, Ni基高温合金的成分式即最稳定的化学近程序结构单元可以描述为第一近邻配位多面体团簇加上次近邻的三个连接原子. 本文应用类似方法, 首次给出了Co-Al-W基高温合金的团簇成分式. 利用原子半径和团簇共振模型, 可计算出Co-Al-W三元合金的团簇成分通式, 为[Al-Co12](Co,Al,W)3, 即以Al为中心原子、Co为壳层原子的[Al-Co12]团簇加上三个连接原子. 对于多元合金, 需要先将元素进行分类: 溶剂元素—类Co元素$\overline {{\rm{Co}}} $ (Co, Cr, Fe, Re, Ni, Ir, Ru)和溶质元素—类Al元素$\overline {{\rm{Al}}} $ (Al, W, Mo, Ta, Ti, Nb, V等); 进而根据合金元素的配分行为, 将类Co元素分为${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^\gamma }$ (Cr, Fe, Re)和${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′}}$ (Ni, Ir, Ru); 根据混合焓, 将类Al元素分为Al,$\overline {\rm{W}} $ (W, Mo)和$\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} $ (Ta, Ti, Nb, V等). 由此, 任何多元Co-Al-W基高温合金均可简化为$\overline {{\rm{Co}}} \text{-} \overline {{\rm{Al}}} $ 伪二元体系或者$\overline {{\rm{Co}}} \text{-} {\rm{Al}} \text{-}\left( {\overline {\rm{W}}, \overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)$ 伪三元体系, 其团簇加连接原子成分式为$\left[ {\overline {{\rm{Al}}} \text{-} {{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{12}}} \right]$ $\left( {{{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{1.0}}{{\overline {{\rm{Al}}} }_{2.0}}} \right)$ (或$\left[ {{\rm{Al}} \text{-} {{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{12}}} \right]{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{1.0}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.5}}{\left( {\overline {\rm{W}},\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)_{1.5}}$ =${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{81.250}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{9.375}}{\left( {\overline {\rm{W}},\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)_{9.375}}$ at.%). 其中,${\gamma }$ 与${\gamma′}$ 相的团簇成分式分别为$\left[ {\overline {{\rm{Al}}} \text{-} {{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{12}}} \right]\!\left( {{{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{1.5}}{{\overline {{\rm{Al}}} }_{1.5}}} \right)$ (或$\left[ {{\rm{Al}} \text{-} {{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{12}}} \right]{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{1.5}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.5}}{\left( {\overline {\rm{W}},\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)_{1.0}}$ =${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{84.375}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{9.375}}$ ${\left( {\overline {\rm{W}},\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)_{6.250}}$ at.%)和$\left[ {\overline {{\rm{Al}}} \text{-} {{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{12}}} \right]\left( {{{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{0.5}}{{\overline {{\rm{Al}}} }_{2.5}}} \right)$ (或$\left[ {{\rm{Al}} \text{-} {{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{12}}} \right]{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{0.5}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.5}}{\left( {\overline {\rm{W}},\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)_{2.0}}$ =$ {\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{78.125}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{9.375}}{\left( {\overline {\rm{W}},\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)_{12.500}}$ at.%). 例如, Co82Al9W9合金的团簇成分式为[Al-Co12]Co1.1Al0.4W1.4 (～[Al-Co12]Co1.0Al0.5W1.5), 其中${\gamma }$ 相的团簇成分式为[Al-Co12]Co1.6Al0.4W1.0 (～[Al-Co12]Co1.5Al0.5W1.0),${\gamma′}$ 相的团簇成分式为[Al-Co12]Co0.3Al0.5W2.2 (～[Al-Co12]Co0.5Al0.5W2.0).-
关键词:
- Co-Al-W基高温合金 /
- 成分式 /
- 团簇加连接原子模型 /
- 化学近程序
Having a$\gamma /\gamma′ $ microstructure similar to Ni-base superalloys and also including various alloying elements such as Al and W, new Co-base superalloy, namely Co-Al-W-base alloy, has been widely studied as a kind of potential alternative of Ni-base superalloy, which is the most important high-temperature structural material in industrial applications. Besides, Co-Al-W-base alloy has also excellent mechanical properties, for example, creep properties comparable to those of the first-generation Ni-base single crystal superalloys. In our previous work, the ideal composition formula of Ni-base superalloy has been obtained by applying the cluster-plus-glue-atom structure model of faced centered cubic solid solution, which shows that the most stable chemical short-range-order unit is composed of a nearest-neighbor cluster and three next-neighbor glue atoms. In this paper, the ideal cluster formula of Co-Al-W-base superalloy is addressed by using the same approach. Based on cluster-plus-glue-atom model theory, according to lattice constants and atom radii, calculations are carried out. The results show that the atom radius of Al is equal to Covalent radius (0.126 nm) and for$\gamma′ $ phase the atom radius of W changes obviously (0.1316 nm). After analyzing atomic radii, the chemical formula for Co-Al-W ternary alloy is calculated to be [Al-Co12](Co,Al,W)3, which signifies an Al centered atom and twelve Co nearest-neighbored cluster atoms plus three glue atoms, which is in good consistence with that for Ni-base single crystal superalloy. For multi-element alloy, the alloying elements are classified, according to the heat of mixing between the alloying elements and Co as well as partition behavior of alloying elements, as solvent elements-Co-like elements$\overline {{\rm{Co}}} $ (Co, Ni, Ir, Ru, Cr, Fe, and Re) and solute elements-Al-like elements$\overline {{\rm{Al}}} $ (Al, W, Mo, Ta, Ti, Nb, V, etc.). The solvent elements can be divided into two kinds according to partition behaves:${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma }}$ (Cr, Fe, and Re) and${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′}}$ (Ni, Ir, and Ru). The latter is further grouped into Al,${\overline {\rm{W}} }$ (W and Mo, which have weaker heat of mixing than Al-Co ) and${\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} }$ (Ta, Ti, Nb, V, etc., which have stronger heat of mixing than Al-Co). Then all chemically complex Co-Al-W-base superalloys are simplified into$\overline {{\rm{Co}}} \text{-} \overline {{\rm{Al}}} $ pseudo-binary or$\overline {{\rm{Co}}} \text{-} {\rm{Al}} \text{-} \left( {\overline {\rm{W}},\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)$ pseudo-ternary system. Within the framework of the cluster-plus-glue-atom formulism and by analyzing the compositions of alloy, it is shown that the Co-Al-W-base superalloy satisfies the ideal formula$\left[ {\overline {{\rm{Al}}} \text{-} {{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{12}}} \right]\left( {{{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{1.0}}{{\overline {{\rm{Al}}} }_{2.0}}} \right)$ (or$\left[ {{\rm{Al}} \text{-} {{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{12}}} \right]{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{1.0}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.5}}{\left( {\overline {\rm{W}},\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)_{1.5}}$ =${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{81.250}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{9.375}}{\left( {\overline {\rm{W}},\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)_{9.375}}$ at.%). In the same way, those of$\gamma $ and$\gamma′ $ phases are respectively$\left[ {\overline {{\rm{Al}}} \text{-} {{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{12}}} \right]\left( {{{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{1.5}}{{\overline {{\rm{Al}}} }_{1.5}}} \right)$ (or$\left[ {{\rm{Al}} \text{-} {{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{12}}} \right]{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{1.5}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.5}}{\left( {\overline {\rm{W}},\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)_{1.0}}$ =${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{84.375}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{9.375}}{\left( {\overline {\rm{W}},\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)_{6.250}}$ at.%) and$\left[ {\overline {{\rm{Al}}} \text{-} {{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{12}}} \right]\left( {{{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{0.5}}{{\overline {{\rm{Al}}} }_{2.5}}} \right)$ (or$\left[ {{\rm{Al}} \text{-} {{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{12}}} \right]{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{0.5}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.5}}{\left( {\overline {\rm{W}},\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)_{2.0}}$ =${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{78.125}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{9.375}}{\left( {\overline {\rm{W}},\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)_{12.500}}$ at.%). For example, alloy Co82Al9W9 and its$\gamma $ and$\gamma′ $ phases are formulated respectively as [Al-Co12]Co1.1Al0.4W1.4 (～ [Al-Co12]Co1.0Al0.5W1.5), [Al-Co12]Co1.6Al0.4W1.0 (～ [Al-Co12]Co1.5Al0.5W1.0), and [Al-Co12]Co0.3Al0.5W2.2 (～[Al-Co12]Co0.5Al0.5W2.0).-
Keywords:
- Co-Al-W-base superalloys /
- composition formula /
- cluster-plus-glue-atom model /
- chemical short-range order
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图 1 Co-Al基的面心立方固溶体及AuCu3有序结构中的立方八面体[Al-Co12]团簇
Fig. 1. Cuboctahedron [Al-Co12] cluster in Co-Al-base faced centered cubic solid solution and in AuCu3-type ordered structure
图 2 合金数量随Co含量的变化, 虚线表示平均成分式
$\left[ {\overline {{\rm{Al}}} \text{-} {{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{12}}} \right]{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{1.0}}{\overline {{\rm{Al}}} _{2.0}}$ Fig. 2. Statistical distribution of alloy compositions as a function of at.% Co. The dashed vertical line represents the ideal composition formula
$\left[ {\overline {{\rm{Al}}} \text{-} {{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} }_{12}}} \right]{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{1.0}}{\overline {{\rm{Al}}} _{2.0}}$ 
图 3
$\overline {{\rm{Co}}} \text{-} {\rm{Al}} \text{-} \left( {\overline {\rm{W}},\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)$ 伪三元成分分布 (a) 合金成分; (b)$\gamma $ 和$\gamma′ $ 两相成分; 图中虚线为 Co-Al-W三元相图中富Co端1173 K等温截面相图[2], 中心成分点${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{81.250}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{9.375}}$ ${\left( {\overline {\rm{W}} ,\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)_{9.375}}$ 用蓝色空心三角形标出Fig. 3.
$\overline {{\rm{Co}}} \text{-} {\rm{Al}} \text{-} \left( {\overline {\rm{W}} ,\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)$ pseudo-ternary composition diagram: (a) Alloy compositions; (b)$\gamma $ and$\gamma′ $ two phases compositions, where the dashed lines represent the isothermal section of the Co-Al-W ternary system in the Co-rich portion at 1173 K[2], and the blue hollow triangle points to the center composition${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} _{81.250}}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{9.375}}{\left( {\overline {\rm{W}} ,\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} } \right)_{9.375}}$ 
图 4 合金数量随类Co元素总量
$\overline {{\rm{Co}}} $ 的变化 (a)$\gamma $ 和$\gamma′ $ 相成分; (b) 合金成分; 竖虚线表示各自理想成分Fig. 4. Evolution of numbers of alloys with
$\overline {{\rm{Co}}} $ content: (a)$\gamma′ $ and$\gamma $ phases; (b) alloys. Vertical dashed lines represent the ideal compositions表 1 实测的
$\gamma $ 相成分和晶格常数[40-42], 以及按照(7)式计算的晶格常数Table 1. Measured compositions and lattice constants of
$\gamma $ phase in Co-Al-W-base superalloys[40-42], in comparison with the calculated lattice constants合金成分/at.% $\gamma $相成分/at.% 晶格常数实验值/nm 晶格常数计算值/nm 绝对误差$\varDelta $ Co82Al9W9 Co81.7Al9.3W9 0.3580 0.3579 0.0001 Co83Al9W8 Co81.9Al10.0W8.1 0.3576 0.3575 0.0001 Co80Al9W11 Co80.7Al9.2W10.2 0.3586 0.3588 0.0002 Co74Al9W9Cr8 Co73.9Al8.0W6.8Cr11.2 0.3578 0.3575 0.0003 Co64Al9W9Ni18 Co69.1Al6.8W7.0Ni16.9 0.3577 0.3562 0.0015 Co65Al9W9Ni9Cr8 Co66.7Al7.8W6.7Ni8.3Cr10.7 0.3581 0.3584 0.0003 Co56Al9W9Ni18Cr8 Co59.2Al6.0W7.4Ni15.6Cr11.8 0.3583 0.3581 0.0002 Co72.5Ni10Al10W7.5 Co76.2Al8.7W5.4Ni9.7 0.3578 0.3562 0.0016 
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表 2 实测
$\gamma′ $ 相成分和晶格常数[40-42]以及根据(9)式计算的W原子半径Table 2. Atomic radii of W fitted from measured compositions and lattice constants
$\gamma′$ phases in different alloys[40-42]合金成分/at.% $\gamma′ $相成分/at.% 晶格常数实验值/nm W原子半径/nm Co82Al9W9 Co77.49Al10.03W12.48 0.3594 0.1317 Co83Al9W8 Co76.6Al9.4W14 0.3589 0.1306 Co80Al9W11 Co75.1Al9.1W15.8 0.3595 0.1311 Co74Al9W9Cr8 Co73.9Al9.4W10.4Cr6.3 0.3587 0.1314 Co64Al9W9Ni18 Co58.9Al10.8W11.0Ni19.3 0.3590 0.1317 Co65Al9W9Ni9Cr8 Co64.2Al10.1W9.9Ni9.4Cr6.4 0.3587 0.1317 Co56Al9W9Ni18Cr8 Co54.5Al10.5W9.7Ni19.7Cr5.6 0.3587 0.1319 Co72.5Ni10Al10W7.5 Co68.8Al10.8W9.9Ni10.5 0.3593 0.1324
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表 3 合金化组元与基体组元Co之间的混合焓
$\Delta H$ (单位: kJ/mol)及在$\gamma / \gamma′ $ 两相中的配分系数(${K_x} = {C_x}^{\gamma′}/{C_x}^\gamma $ )[9,10,40-42,44-52]Table 3. Heats of mixing
$\Delta H$ (unit: kJ/mol) between alloying elements and matrix element Co and their partition coefficients (${K_x} = {C_x}^{\gamma′ }/$ ${C_x}^\gamma $ ) for$\gamma$ and$\gamma′$ [9,10,40-42,44-52]元素
分类合金化
元素混合焓
$\Delta H$/kJ·mol元素配分
系数K${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma }}$ Cr –4 0.48—0.60 Fe –1 Re 2 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}$ Ni –2 1.08—1.27 Ru –1 Ir –3 Al Al –19 0.93—1.60 ${\overline {\rm{W}} }$ W –1 1.03—6.21 Mo –5 ${\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} }$ V –14 1.57—8.67 Ta –24 Nb –25 Ti –28 Sc –30 Hf –35
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表 4 Co-Al-W基多元合金的团簇成分式, 所列成分源自文献[2-4, 6, 8, 10, 39, 40-42, 44, 45, 48, 51, 57-62]
Table 4. Compositions formulas of Co-Al-W-base multi-element superalloys. The alloy compositions are taken from references [2-4, 6, 8, 10, 39, 40-42, 44, 45, 48, 51, 57-62]
合金成分/at.% 团簇成分式-[团簇](连接原子)3 连接原子 Co78Al10W10Ta2 [Al-Co12]Co0.5Al0.6W1.6Ta0.3 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.5}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.6}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.6}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.3}}$ Co78Al9W10Mo3 [Al-Co12]Co0.5Al0.4W1.6Mo0.5 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.5}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{2.1}}$ Co79Al9W10Ti2 [Al-Co12]Co0.6Al0.4W1.6Ti0.3 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.6}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.6}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.3}}$ Co79Al9W10V2 [Al-Co12]Co0.6Al0.4W1.6V0.3 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.6}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.6}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.3}}$ Co79Al9W10Si2 [Al-Co12]Co0.6Al0.4W1.6Si0.3 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.6}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.6}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.3}}$ Co79Al9W8Ta2Nb2 [Al-Co12]Co0.6Al0.4W1.3Ta0.3Nb0.3 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.6}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.3}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.6}}$ Co79Al9W8Ta2V2 [Al-Co12]Co0.6Al0.4W1.3Ta0.3V0.3 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.6}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.3}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.6}}$ Co79Al8W9Ta2Ti2 [Al-Co12]Co0.6Al0.3W1.4Ta0.3Ti0.3 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.6}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.3}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.4}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.6}}$ Co79.5Al9.7W10.8 [Al-Co12]Co0.7Al0.6W1.7 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.7}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.6}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.7}}$ Co79.9Al9.4W10.7 [Al-Co12]Co0.8Al0.5W1.7 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.8}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.5}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.7}}$ Co80Al9W11 [Al-Co12]Co0.8Al0.4W1.8 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.8}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.8}}$ Co80Al9W9Ti2 [Al-Co12]Co0.8Al0.4W1.4Ti0.3 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.8}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.4}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.3}}$ Co80Al9W9V2B0.04 [Al-Co12]Co0.8Al0.4W1.4V0.3 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.8}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.4}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.3}}$ Co80Al9W9Ta2 [Al-Co12]Co0.8Al0.4W1.4Ta0.3 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.8}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.4}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.3}}$ Co80.3Al9.3W10.4 [Al-Co12]Co0.8Al0.5W1.7 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.8}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.5}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.7}}$ Co80.5Al9W10Si0.5 [Al-Co12]Co0.9Al0.4W1.6Si0.1 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.9}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.6}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.1}}$ Co81Al9W9Mo1B0.04 [Al-Co12]Co1.0Al0.4W1.4Mo0.2 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{1.0}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.6}}$ Co81Al9W8Ta2 [Al-Co12]Co1.0Al0.4W1.3Ta0.3 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{1.0}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.3}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.3}}$ Co81.3Al9.2W9.5 [Al-Co12]Co1.0Al0.5W1.5 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{1.0}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.5}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.5}}$ Co81.5Al9W9Nb0.5 [Al-Co12]Co1.0Al0.4W1.4Nb0.1 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{1.0}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.4}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.1}}$ Co81.5Al9W5.5Ta2Mo2 [Al-Co12]Co1.0Al0.4W0.9Ta0.3Mo0.3 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{1.0}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.2}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.3}}$ Co82Al9W9 [Al-Co12]Co1.1Al0.4W1.4 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{1.1}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.4}}$ Co72Al9W9Ni10 [Al-Co11.7Ni0.3]Ni1.1Al0.4W1.4 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{1.1}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.4}}$ Co82Al9W7.5Mo1.5 [Al-Co12]Co1.1Al0.4W1.4 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{1.1}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.4}}$ Co80Al9W9Cr2B0.04 [Al-Co12]Co0.8Cr0.3Al0.4W1.4 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.8}{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^\gamma }_{0.3}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.6}}$ Co78Al9W9Cr4 [Al-Co12]Co0.6Cr0.6Al0.4W1.4 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.6}{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^\gamma }_{0.6}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.4}}$ Co73Al9W9Ni9 [Al-Co11.7Ni0.3]Ni1.1Al0.4W1.4 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{1.1}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.4}}$ Co64Al9W9Ni18 [Al-Co10.2Ni1.8]Ni1.1Al0.4W1.4 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{1.1}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.4}}$ Co81.8Al9.2W9 [Al-Co12]Co1.1Al0.5W1.4 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{1.1}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.5}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.4}}$ Co72.5Al10W7.5Ni10 [Al-Co11.6Ni0.4]Ni1.2Al0.4W1.4 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{1.2}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.4}}$ Co81.5Al9W5.5Ta2Ir2 [Al-Co2]Co1.0Al0.4W0.9Ta0.3Ir0.3 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{1.3}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{0.9}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.3}}$ Co79Al9W8Ta2Cr2 [Al-Co12]Co0.6Cr0.3Al0.4W1.3Ta0.3 ${\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^{\gamma′ }}_{0.6}{\overline {{\rm{Co}}} ^\gamma }_{0.3}{\rm{A}}{{\rm{l}}_{0.4}}{\overline {\rm{W}} _{1.3}}{\overline {{\rm{Ta}}} _{0.3}}$
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表 5 部分Co-Al-W基高温合金中
$\gamma $ 和$\gamma′ $ 两相团簇式[40,42,44,45]Table 5. Composition formulas of
$\gamma $ and$\gamma′ $ phases in some Co-Al-W-base superalloys[40,42,44,45]合金成分/at.% $\gamma $相团簇成分式 $\gamma′ $相团簇成分式 Co82Al9W9 [Al-Co12]Co1.6Al0.4W1.0 [Al-Co12]Co0.3Al0.5W2.2 Co78Al9W9Cr4 [Al-Co12]Co0.9Al0.3W0.9Cr0.9 [Al-Co12]Co0.2Al0.5W1.8Cr0.5 Co73Al9W9Ni18 [Al-Co11.1Ni0.9]Al0.1W1.1Ni1.8 [Al-Co9.4Ni2.6]Al0.7W1.8Ni0.5 Co79.5Al9.7W10.8 [Al-Co12]Co1.7Al0.4W0..9 [Al-Co12]Co0.4Al0.6W2.0 Co80Al9W9Ti2 [Al-Co12]Co1.6Al0.4W0.8Ti0.2 [Al-Co12]Co0.2Al0.4W1.9Ti0.4 Co80Al9W9Ta2 [Al-Co12]Co1.8Al0.4W0.7Ta0.1 [Al-Co12]Co0.2Al0.4W1.9Ta0.5 Co79Al8W9Ta2Ti2 [Al-Co12]Co2.0Al0.3W0.5Ta0.04Ti0.1 [Al-Co12]Co0.1Al0.4W1.9Ta0.3Ti0.3 Co78Al10W10Ta2 [Al-Co12]Co1.6Al0.7W0.7Ta0.1 [Al-Co12]Al0.7W1.9Ta0.4 Co78Al9W10Mo3 [Al-Co12]Co1.7Al0.1W0.8Mo0.4 [Al-Co12]Co0.2Al0.6W1.7Mo0.5
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