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The rapidly charging event (RCE) is a new category of spacecraft charging, which was first observed at an international space station in 2006. It occurred in the presence of the eclipse, with the floating potential increasing abruptly to tens of volts, well beyond the safety level of –40 V, within a few seconds. The RCE has not yet been understood thoroughly until now. Based on Ferguson and Craven’s theory, we developed a physical model for the rapidly charging events recently and gave satisfactory predictions compared with the observations. In this paper, we investigate the physical process and mechanism in detail, and explain the statistical characteristics and the underlying physics through the model calculations. It is shown that the rapidly charging event is a non-equilibrium charging process and driven by the high voltage solar arrays. The rapid charging is mainly due to the fact that the cover glass blocking effect cannot follow the rapid increasing of the solar voltage when it is abruptly turned on at the exit of eclipse. As the RCE reaches equilibrium it acts as a normal charging event. The rapidly charging amplitudes depend on many factors, such as the switch-on time of the solar arrays, the pattern of switch-on, etc., which play key roles, and so that the floating potential data exhibit a spread to a certain extent. The maximum potential decreases with electron density increasing, which is in good agreement with observations.
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Keywords:
- spacecraft charging /
- plasma /
- international space station /
- high voltage solar array
[1] Hastings D E 1995 J. Geophys. Res. 100(A8) 14457
[2] Cao M, Wang F, Liu J, Zhang H B 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 098401
[3] Craven P D, Wright Jr K H, Minow J I, Coffey V N, Schneider T A, Vaughn J A, Ferguson D C, Parker L N 2009 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition Orlando, FL, Jan, 2009
[4] Black T P, Schneider T A, Vaughn J A, Tiepel B R, Kramer L, Leung P L 2006 44th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit Reno, Nevada, January 9–12, 2006 p9
[5] Ferguson D C, Craven P, Minow J I, Wright Jr K H 2009 1st AIAA Atmospheric and Space Environments Conference San Antonio, TX, June 22–25, 2009
[6] Ferguson D C, Hillard G B 1995 33rd Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, AIAA 95-0486 Reno, NV, January 9–12, 1995
[7] Huang J G, Yi Z, Meng L F, Zhao H, Liu Y N 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 099401 (in Chinese) [黄建国, 易忠, 孟立飞, 赵华, 刘业楠 2013 62 099401]
[8] Huang J G, Yi Z, Zhao H, Meng L F, Liu Y N 2013 J. Spacecraft Rockets (in press)
[9] Kerslake T W, Scheimann D A 2005 AIAA-2005-5671
[10] Wright Jr K H, Swenson C M, Thompson D C, Barjatya A, Koontz S L, Schneider T A, Vaughn J A, Minow J I, Craven P D, Coffey V N, Parker L N, Bui T 2008 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 36 2280
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[1] Hastings D E 1995 J. Geophys. Res. 100(A8) 14457
[2] Cao M, Wang F, Liu J, Zhang H B 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 098401
[3] Craven P D, Wright Jr K H, Minow J I, Coffey V N, Schneider T A, Vaughn J A, Ferguson D C, Parker L N 2009 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition Orlando, FL, Jan, 2009
[4] Black T P, Schneider T A, Vaughn J A, Tiepel B R, Kramer L, Leung P L 2006 44th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit Reno, Nevada, January 9–12, 2006 p9
[5] Ferguson D C, Craven P, Minow J I, Wright Jr K H 2009 1st AIAA Atmospheric and Space Environments Conference San Antonio, TX, June 22–25, 2009
[6] Ferguson D C, Hillard G B 1995 33rd Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, AIAA 95-0486 Reno, NV, January 9–12, 1995
[7] Huang J G, Yi Z, Meng L F, Zhao H, Liu Y N 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 099401 (in Chinese) [黄建国, 易忠, 孟立飞, 赵华, 刘业楠 2013 62 099401]
[8] Huang J G, Yi Z, Zhao H, Meng L F, Liu Y N 2013 J. Spacecraft Rockets (in press)
[9] Kerslake T W, Scheimann D A 2005 AIAA-2005-5671
[10] Wright Jr K H, Swenson C M, Thompson D C, Barjatya A, Koontz S L, Schneider T A, Vaughn J A, Minow J I, Craven P D, Coffey V N, Parker L N, Bui T 2008 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 36 2280
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