Influence of sand and dust turbulent atmosphere on  performance of free space quantum communication

Yang Rui-Ke; Li Fu-Jun; Wu Fu-Ping; Lu Fang; Wei Bing; Zhou Ye

doi:10.7498/aps.71.20221125

Abstract

Quantum communication is a frontier hotspot of current research, and it has ideal information security. In order to enable quantum systems in arid and desertified areas to work almost under all-weather condition, it is necessary to study the attenuation of free-space quantum signal transmission and the influence of the turbulence atmosphere carrying sand and dust on communication performance. Using Mie scattering theory, multiple scattering simulation method, and atmospheric turbulence theory, the attenuation of optical wave transmission in sand and dust turbulent atmospheric channels with different visibility, and the influence of multiple scattering and turbulence on attenuation are studied. The results show that the effect of multiple scattering increases with the decrease of visibility, the turbulence effect gradually strengthens with the increase of distance. According to the quantum amplitude damped channel model, the effects of multiple scattering and turbulence in the sand and dust turbulent atmosphere with different visibility on the quantum channel capacity, fidelity and bit error rate are analyzed. The results show that as the visibility decreases, the multiple scattering effect increases, resulting in the decrease of attenuation and bit error rate, but an increase in channel capacity, fidelity and the boundaries of security key rate. The existence of turbulence in the dust atmosphere will increase the attenuation and bit error rate, but reduce the channel capacity, fidelity and security key rate. It can be seen that the influence of multiple scattering and turbulence on the communication performance, when the visibility of the sand and dust atmosphere are both low, cannot be ignored. In practical applications, the relevant parameters of quantum communication should be adaptively adjusted according to the visibility and turbulence intensity to improve the probability, efficiency and reliability of quantum communication.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
2.
Leihua Institute of Electronic Technology, Aviation Industry Corporation of China, Wuxi 214063, China

Corresponding author: Yang Rui-Ke, yrk18687@163.com

Funds: Supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi, China (Program No. 2021 JM-127), the 111 Project, and the Lei Hua Institute of Electronic Technology of Aviation Industry Corporation of China (No. 2018610103002381).

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References

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Cited By

图 1 光子位置和方向坐标图

Figure 1. Coordinate diagram of photon position and direction.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 考虑多重散射的沙尘湍流大气链路衰减随能见度与距离的变化　(a) 单次散射无湍流链路衰减; (b) 单次散射有湍流链路衰减; (c) 多重散射无湍流链路衰减; (d) 多重散射有湍流链路衰减

Figure 2. Variation of the attenuation on sand and dust turbulent atmospheric link with visibility and distance considering multiple scattering: (a) Attenuation with single scattering without turbulent; (b) attenuation with single scattering and turbulent; (c) attenuation with multiple scattering without turbulent; (d) attenuation with multiple scattering and turbulent.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 沙尘湍流大气下的信道容量与能见度与传输距离的关系　(a) 单次散射无湍流容量; (b) 单次散射有湍流容量; (c) 多重散射无湍流容量; (d) 多重散射有湍流容量

Figure 3. Variation of the channel capacity on sand and dust turbulent atmospheric with visibility and distance: (a) Capacity with single scattering without turbulent; (b) capacity with single scattering and turbulent; (c) capacity with multiple scattering without turbulent; (d) capacity with multiple scattering and turbulent.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 4 沙尘湍流大气下保真度与能见度、传输距离的关系　(a) 单次散射无湍流保真度; (b) 单次散射有湍流保真度; (c) 多重散射无湍流保真度; (d) 多重散射有湍流保真度

Figure 4. Variation of the fidelity on sand and dust turbulent atmospheric with visibility and distance: (a) Fidelity with single scattering without turbulent; (b) fidelity with single scattering and turbulent; (c) fidelity with multiple scattering without turbulent; (d) fidelity with multiple scattering and turbulent.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 5 沙尘湍流大气下的误码率与能见度与传输距离的关系　(a) 单次散射无湍流误码率; (b) 单次散射有湍流误码率; (c) 多重散射无湍流误码率; (d) 多重散射有湍流误码率

Figure 5. Variation of the BER on sand and dust turbulent atmospheric with visibility and distance: (a) BER with single scattering without turbulent; (b) BER with single scattering and turbulent; (c) BER with multiple scattering without turbulent; (d) BER with multiple scattering and turbulent.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 6 不同能见度沙尘湍流大气的安全密钥率上界随距离的变化　(a) 无湍流; (b) 有湍流

Figure 6. Variation of the upper bound of the security key rate with distance in sand and dust turbulent atmosphere with different visibility: (a) Without turbulence; (b) with turbulence.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

map

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[2]	Villoresi P, Jennewein T, Tamburini F, Aspelmeyer M, Bonato C, Ursin R, Pernechele C, Luceri V, Bianco G, Zeilinger A, Barbieri C 2008 New J. Phys. 10 033038 Google Scholar
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[12]	聂敏, 任家明, 杨光, 张美玲, 裴昌幸 2016 65 190301 Google Scholar Nie M, Ren J M, Yang G, Zhang M L, Pei C X 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 190301 Google Scholar
[13]	聂敏, 唐守荣, 杨光, 张美玲, 裴昌幸 2017 66 070302 Google Scholar Nie M, Tang S R, Yang G, Zhang M L, Pei C X 2017 Acta Phys. Sin. 66 070302 Google Scholar
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