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A continuously spacing-tunable dual-wavelength erbium-doped all-fiber laser is proposed and experimentally demonstrated in this paper. The key component of the laser is a novel polarization-maintained multimode-single-mode-multimode fiber interference filter, which is composed of two single-mode-multimode-single-mode fiber mode converters with a polarization-maintaining fiber sandwiched between them. As the polarization-maintaining fiber gives rise to a polarization-dependent phase difference, the fiber filter shows good polarization-dependent characteristics in interference filtering. Based on the mode interference and polarization control, the good wavelength tuning results are obtained in experiment. An optimized length of 1.3 mm for multimode fiber and 1.5 mm for polarization-maintaining fiber are adopted based on the theoretical and experimental analysis. When the phase difference between the lasing in the fast axial direction and that in the slow axial direction is
$ {\text{π}}$ , the peaks and valleys in the transmission spectrum of the fiber filter correspond exactly to the two orthogonal polarization states. In the test, when the pump power is 50 mW, a high-quality dual-wavelength lasing output (at 1544.82 nm and 1545.61 nm) is observed to have side-mode suppression ratio better than 45 dB, the wavelength spacing of 0.8 nm, the peak power difference of less than 1 dB, and the output keeps stable with a small power fluctuation less than 0.7 dB. By adjusting the polarization controller in the ring cavity, two different dual-wavelength outputs can be obtained, which are corresponding to tuning Ⅰ and tuning Ⅱ. In tuning Ⅰ, a dual-wavelength lasing output in a wavelength spacing tuning range of 0−1.2 nm can be obtained within 1 dB peak power difference, correspondingly, 0−1.6 nm tuning range within 10 dB peak power difference. In tuning Ⅱ, with continuously adjusting the polarization controller, the short wavelength signal of the dual-wavelength output stops resonating, and simultaneously another wavelength signal near 1547.8 nm is excited, the switching is continuous and the system remains dual-wavelength output. In tuning Ⅱ, a maximum tuning range of 1.6−3 nm is obtained. In both of tuning Ⅰ and tuning Ⅱ, a 0−3 nm continuously spacing-tunable dual-wavelength output is obtained, all of which keep stable single-polarization operation. The test results show that the polarization state of the dual-wavelength lasing varies with tuning; a maximum polarization extinction ratio of 35 dB is obtained as the two wavelengths are orthogonally polarized.-
Keywords:
- fiber laser /
- multimode-interference fiber filter /
- dual-wavelength /
- continuously tunable
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图 1 PD-MSM光纤滤波器结构示意图
Figure 1. Structure of PD-MSM filter.
图 2 五种不同SMS模式转换器的前12阶LP0n模模式激发系数
Figure 2. Normalized excitation coefficients of the first 12 LP0n modes with five different SMS mode converters.
图 3 MSM滤波器的空间频谱
Figure 3. Spatial frequency spectra of MSM filter.
图 4 PD-MSM光纤滤波器透射谱
Figure 4. Transmission spectra of the PD-MSM filter.
图 5 间隔可调双波长掺铒光纤激光器结构示意图
Figure 5. Schematic setup of the proposed continuously spacing-tunable dual-wavelength EDFL.
图 6 掺铒光纤激光器输出 (a)双波长输出; (b)输出稳定性测试
Figure 6. Output of the EDFL: (a) Dual-wavelength lasing output; (b) output stability test.
图 7 双波长输出波长间隔连续调谐过程 (a)调谐Ⅰ, 0−1.6 nm; (b)调谐Ⅱ, 1.6−3 nm
Figure 7. Continuously spacing tuning of the dual-wavelength output: (a) Tuning Ⅰ, 0−1.6 nm; (b) tuning Ⅱ, 1.6−3 nm.
图 8 双波长输出调谐过程(对比PD-MSM光纤滤波器透射谱) (a)调谐Ⅰ; (b)调谐Ⅱ
Figure 8. Comparison between the transmission spectra of PD-MSM filter and spacing tuning of the dual-wavelength output: (a) Tuning Ⅰ; (b) tuning Ⅱ.
图 9 激光输出偏振态测试系统
Figure 9. Schematic of laser output polarization testing.
图 10 偏振态测试系统1输出 (a)调谐Ⅰ; (b)调谐Ⅱ
Figure 10. Output of Test 1: (a) Tuning Ⅰ; (b) tuning Ⅱ.
图 11 偏振态测试系统2输出 (a), (b)调谐Ⅰ; (c), (d)调谐Ⅱ
Figure 11. Output of Test 2: (a), (b)Tuning Ⅰ; (c), (d) tuning Ⅱ.
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[1] 刘江, 刘晨, 师红星, 王璞 2016 65 194209
Google Scholar
Liu J, Liu C, Shi H X, Wang P 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 194209
Google Scholar
[2] 窦志远, 田金荣, 李克轩, 于振华, 胡梦婷, 霍明超, 宋晏蓉 2015 64 064206
Google Scholar
Dou Z Y, Tian J R, Li K X, Yu Z H, Hu M T, Huo M C, Song Y R 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 064206
Google Scholar
[3] Ahmad H, Muhammad F D, Chang H P, Thambiratnam K 2014 IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. Electron. 20 0902308
Google Scholar
[4] Zhu T, Zhang B M, Shi L L, Huang S H, Deng M, Liu J G, Li X 2016 Opt. Express 24 1324
Google Scholar
[5] Li Q, Feng S C, Peng W J, Liu P, Feng T, Tan S Y, Yan F P 2012 Microw. Opt. Techn. Let. 54 2074
[6] Li Z, Zhou J, He B, Liu H K, Liu C, Wei Y R, Dong J X, Lou Q H 2012 Chin. Phys. Lett. 29 074203
Google Scholar
[7] 冯新焕, 刘艳格, 董孝义 2007 中国激光 34 883
Google Scholar
Feng X H, Liu Y G, Dong X Y 2007 Chin. J. Las. 34 883
Google Scholar
[8] Ibarra-Escamilla B, Durán-Sánchez M, Álvarez-Tamayo R I, Posada-Ramírez B, Kuzin E A, Das S, Dhar A, Pal M, Paul M C, Kir’yanov A V 2019 Laser Phys. 29 015102
Google Scholar
[9] Yin B, Feng S C, Bai Y L, Liu Z B, Liang L J, Liu S, Jian S S 2014 IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 26 1227
Google Scholar
[10] Han J H 2010 Optik 121 2266
Google Scholar
[11] Feng T, Ding D L, Zhao Z W, Su H X, Yan F P, Yao X S 2016 Laser Phys. Lett. 13 105104
Google Scholar
[12] Feng T, Ding D L, Zhao Z W, Su H X, Yan F P, Yao X S 2016 Opt. Express 24 19760
Google Scholar
[13] Feng T, Yan F P, Liu S, Bai Y, Peng W J, Tan S Y 2014 Laser Phys. Lett. 11 125106
Google Scholar
[14] He X Y, Wang D N, Liao C R 2011 J. Lightwave Technol. 29 842
[15] He X Y, Fang X, Liao C R, Wang D N, Sun J Q 2009 Opt. Express 17 21773
Google Scholar
[16] Pan S L, Yao J P 2009 Opt. Express 17 5414
Google Scholar
[17] Jasim A A, Ahmad H 2017 Opt. Laser Technol. 97 12
Google Scholar
[18] Wang F, Xu E M, Dong J J, Zhang X L 2011 Opt. Commun. 284 2337
Google Scholar
[19] Yeh C H, Chow C W, Shih F Y, Wang C H, Wu Y F, Chi S 2009 IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 21 125
Google Scholar
[20] Feng T, Yan F P, Liu S, Peng W J, Tan S Y, Bai Y L, Bai Y 2014 Laser Phys. 24 085101
Google Scholar
[21] Choi B K, ParkI G, Byun J H, Kim N, Han S P, Park K H, Seo J K, Lee H K, Jeon M Y 2013 Laser Phys. Lett. 10 125105
Google Scholar
[22] Kim R K, Chu S H, Han Y G 2012 IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 24 521
Google Scholar
[23] Villanueva G E, Pérez-Millán P, Palací J, Cruz J L, Andrés M V, Martí J 2010 IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 22 254
Google Scholar
[24] Liu J, Shen D Y, Huang H T, Zhao T, Zhang X Q, Fan D Y 2014 Appl. Phys. Express 7 032702
Google Scholar
[25] Yan N, Han X F, Chang P F, Huang L G, Gao F, Yu X Y, Zhang W D, Zhang Z, Zhang G Q, Xu J J 2017 Opt. Express 25 27609
Google Scholar
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