Multi-field control on magnetic skyrmions

Dong Bo-Wen; Zhang Jing-Yan; Peng Li-Cong; He Min; Zhang Ying; Zhao Yun-Chi; Wang Chao; Sun Yang; Cai Jian-Wang; Wang Wen-Hong; Wei Hong-Xiang; Shen Bao-Gen; Jiang Yong; Wang Shou-Guo

doi:10.7498/aps.67.20180931

Abstract

The concept of skyrmion is proposed by Tony Skyrme, a British particle physicist, to describe a state of particles as a topological soliton. Magnetic skyrmion is a novel spin structure with topological behavior, whose size is on a nanometer scale. The space between skyrmions is tunable from a few nanometers to micrometer. Magnetic skyrmion can be stable in a large temperature range, from lower temperatures, to room temperature, and even to higher temperature. The materials with magnetic skyrmions include not only low temperature B20-type ferromagnets with centrosymmetry breaking and weak ferromagnets with helical magnetic ordering, but also the hexagonal MnNiGa alloy and ferromagnetic multilayers over room temperature. By using topological spin structure of skyrmions, an electrical current can be applied to driving or flipping the skyrmions, similar to the spin transfer torque effect in spin-valves and magnetic tunnel junctions. The critical current density is on the order of 102 A/cm2, which is five orders lower than that in magnetic multilayered structures such as 107 A/cm2. This critical value is much lower than the channel current density in Si-based semiconductor technology, thus leading to great potential applications in the future magnetic information devices. In this review paper, we first introduce the discovery, a brief development history of magnetic skyrmions. Then, we summarize the materials with skyrmion spin structures, focusing on the key physical properties. Finally, we mention the recent progress of the multi-field (such as magnetic field, electrical current, and temperature) control on magnetic skyrmions in hexagonal MnNiGa alloy and Pt/Co/Ta magnetic multilayers, together with the creation, annihilation, and dynamic behavior of skyrmions.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2.
State Key Laboratory of Magnetism, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

Corresponding author: Zhang Ying, zhangy@iphy.ac.cn;sgwang@ustb.edu.cn ; Wang Shou-Guo, zhangy@iphy.ac.cn;sgwang@ustb.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51625101, 51431009, 51471183, 11674373), the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (Grant Nos. 2015CB921401, 2016YFB0700902), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (Grant No. FRF-TP-16-001C2), and Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 2015004).

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Cited By

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[5]	Moodera J S, Kinder L R, Wong T M, Meservey R 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 3273
[6]	Slonczewski J C 1996 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 159 L1
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[8]	Parkin S S P, Hayashi M, Thomas L 2008 Science 320 190
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[10]	Yu X Z, Onose Y, Kanazawa N, Park J H, Han J H, Matsui Y, Nagaosa N, Tokura Y 2010 Nature 465 901
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[13]	Skyrme T H R 1962 Nucl. Phys. 31 556
[14]	Kugler M, Shtrikman S 1988 Phys. Lett. B 208 491
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[17]	Schtte C 2014 Ph. D. Dissertation (Kln: Univ. of Kln)
[18]	Everschor K 2012 Ph. D. Dissertation (Kln: Univ. of Kln)
[19]	Seki S, Mochizuki M 2016 Skyrmions in Magnetic Materials (Cham: Springer International Publishing)
[20]	Huang S X, Chien C L 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 267201
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[7]	Li Zi-An, Chai Ke, Zhang Ming, Zhu Chun-Hui, Tian Huan-Fang, Yang Huai-Xin. In situ electron holography of magnetic skyrmions in nanostructures. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 131203. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180426
[8]	Li Xiao-Ying, Huang Can, Zhu Yan, Li Jin-Bin, Fan Ji-Yu, Pan Yan-Fei, Shi Da-Ning, Ma Chun-Lan. Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction in -(Zn, Cr)S(111) surface: First principle calculations. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137101. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180342
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[10]	Kong Ling-Yao. Research progress on topological properties and micro-magnetic simulation study in dynamics of magnetic skyrmions. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137506. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180235
[11]	Hu Yang-Fan, Wan Xue-Jin, Wang Biao. Magnetoelastic phenomena and mechanisms of magnetic skyrmion crystal. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 136201. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180251
[12]	Xu Gui-Zhou, Xu Zhan, Ding Bei, Hou Zhi-Peng, Wang Wen-Hong, Xu Feng. Magnetic domain chirality and tuning of skyrmion topology. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137508. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180513
[13]	Wang Cheng-Jie, Shi Fa-Zhan, Wang Peng-Fei, Duan Chang-Kui, Du Jiang-Feng. Nanoscale magnetic field sensing and imaging based on nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 130701. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180243
[14]	Xuan Sheng-Jie, Liu Yan. Control of skyrmion movement in nanotrack by using periodic strain. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137503. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180031
[15]	Zhao Wei-Sheng, Huang Yang-Qi, Zhang Xue-Ying, Kang Wang, Lei Na, Zhang You-Guang. Overview and advances in skyrmionics. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 131205. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180554
[16]	Meng Kang-Kang, Zhao Xu-Peng, Miao Jun, Xu Xiao-Guang, Zhao Jian-Hua, Jiang Yong. Topological Hall effect in ferromagnetic/non-ferromagnetic metals heterojunctions. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 131202. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180369
[17]	Liang Xue, Zhao Li, Qiu Lei, Li Shuang, Ding Li-Hong, Feng You-Hua, Zhang Xi-Chao, Zhou Yan, Zhao Guo-Ping. Skyrmions-based magnetic racetrack memory. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137510. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180764
[18]	Zhang Lei. Critical behaviors of helimagnetic ordering systems relating to skyrmion. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137501. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180137
[19]	Xia Jing, Han Zong-Yi, Song Yi-Fan, Jiang Wen-Jing, Lin Liu-Rong, Zhang Xi-Chao, Liu Xiao-Xi, Zhou Yan. Overview of magnetic skyrmion-based devices and applications. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137505. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180894
[20]	Zhang Zhi-Dong. Magnetic structures, magnetic domains and topological magnetic textures of magnetic materials. Acta Physica Sinica, 2015, 64(6): 067503. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.067503

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Vol. 67, Issue 13 - 2018-07-05

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