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Magnetic skyrmion, as a quasi-particle, with topologically protected property has received wide attention. In this article, We first review the existence conditions and transport characteristics of magnetic skyrmions theoretically, then view recent micromagnetic simulation researches on creation and controlling as well as the device design, which includes racetrack memories, spin transfer nano-oscillators, transistors and logic gates. We hope this paper can provide a reference for the applications of magnetic skyrmions in the future.
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Keywords:
- magnetic skyrmion /
- applications /
- micromagnetic simulations
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[68] Rosch A 2013 Nature Nanotech. 8 160
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[80] Zhang X C, Zhou Y, Ezawa M 2016 Nature Commun. 7 10293
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[82] Woo S, Litzius K, Krger B, Im M, Caretta L, Richter K, Mann M, Krone A, Reeve R M, Weigand M, Agrawal P, Lemesh I, Mawass M A, Fischer P, Klui M, Beach G S D 2016 Nature Mater. 15 501
[83] Legrand W, Maccariello D, Reyren N, Garcia K, Moutafis C, Moreau-Luchaire C, Collin S, Bouzehouane K, Cros V, Fert A 2017 Nano Lett. 17 2703
[84] Xia J, Huang Y Q, Zhang X C, Kang W, Zheng C T, Liu X X, Zhao W S, Zhou Y 2017 J. Appl. Phys. 122 153901
[85] Ma F S, Ezawa M, Zhou Y 2015 Sci. Reports 5 15154
[86] Xia H Y, Jin C D, Song C K, Wang J S, Wang J B, Liu Q F 2017 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 50 505005
[87] Zeng Z M, Finocchio G, Jiang H W 2013 Nanoscale 5 2219
[88] Zheng F S, Li H, Wang S S, Song D S, Jin C M, Wei W S, Kovcs A, Zang J D, Tian M L, Zhang Y H, Du H F, Dunin-Borkowski R E 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 197205
[89] Du H F, Ning W, Tian M L, Zhang Y H 2013 EPL 101 37001
[90] Mochizuki M 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 017601
[91] Jin C D, Song C K, Wang J S, Xia H Y, Wang J B, Liu Q F 2017 J. Appl. Phys. 122 223901
[92] Onose Y, Okamura Y, Seki S, Ishiwata S, Tokura Y 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 037603
[93] Dai Y Y, Wang H, Yang T, Ren W J, Zhang Z D 2014 Sci. Reports 4 6153
[94] Wang H, Dai Y Y, Yang T, Ren W J, Zhang Z D 2014 RSC Adv. 4 62179
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[1] Skyrme T H R 1962 Nucl. Phys. 31 556
[2] Sondhi S L, Karlhede A, Kivelson S A, Rezayi E H 1993 Phys. Rev. B 47 16419
[3] AlKhawaja U, Stoof H 2001 Nature 411 918
[4] Bogdanov A N, Rossler U K, Shestakov A A 2003 Phys. Rev. E 67 016602
[5] Malozemoff A P, Slonczewski J C 1979 Magnetic Domain Walls in Bubble Materials (New York: Academic)
[6] Rler U, Bogdanov A, Pfleiderer C 2006 Nature 442 797
[7] Mhlbauer S, Binz B, Jonietz F, Pfleiderer C, Rosch A, Neubauer A, Georgii R, Bni P 2009 Science 323 915
[8] Nagaosa N, Tokura Y 2013 Nature Nanotech. 8 899
[9] Dzyaloshinsky I 1958 J. Phys. Chem. Solids 4 241
[10] Moriya T 1960 Phys. Rev. 120 91
[11] Crpieux A, Lacroix C 1998 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 182 341
[12] Du H F, Liang D, Jin C M, Kong L Y, Stolt M J, Ning W, Yang J Y, Xing Y, Wang J, Che R, Zang J D, Jin S, Zhang Y H, Tian M L 2015 Nature Commun. 6 7637
[13] Yu X Z, Onose Y, Kanazawa N, Park J H, Han J H, Matsui Y, Nagaosa N, Tokura Y 2010 Nature 465 901
[14] Milde P, Khler D, Seidel J, Eng L, Bauer A, Chacon A, Kindervater J, Mhlbauer S, Pfleiderer C, Buhrandt S, Schtte C, Rosch A 2013 Science 340 1076
[15] Park H S, Yu X Z, Aizawa S, Tanigaki T, Akashi T, Takahashi Y, Matsuda T, Kanazawa N, Onose Y, Shindo D, Tonomura A, Tokura Y 2014 Nature Nanotech. 9 337
[16] Yu X Z, Kanazawa N, Onose Y, Kimoto K, Zhang W Z, Ishiwata S, Matsui Y, Tokura Y 2011 Nature Mater. 10 106
[17] Yu X Z, Kanazawa N, Zhang W Z, Nagai T, Hara T, Kimoto K, Matsui Y, Onose Y, Tokura Y 2012 Nature Commun. 3 988
[18] Zhao X B, Jin C M, Wang C, Du H F, Zang J D, Tian M L, Che R C, Zhang Y 2016 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 113 4918
[19] Wang C, Du H F, Zhao X B, Jin C M, Tian M L, Zhang Y H, Che R C 2017 Nano Lett. 17 2921
[20] Seki S, Yu X Z, Ishiwata S, Tokura Y 2012 Science 336 198
[21] Heinze S, von Bergmann K, Menzel M, Brede J, Kubetzka A, Wiesendanger R, Bihlmayer G, Blgel S 2011 Nature Phys. 7 713
[22] Jiang W J, Upadhyaya P, Zhang W, Yu G Q, Jungfleisch M B, Fradin F Y, Pearson J E, Tserkovnyak Y, Wang K L, Heinonen O, Velthuis S G E, Hoffmann A 2015 Science 349 283
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[24] Hou Z P, Ren W J, Ding B, Xu G Z, Wang Y, Yang B, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Liu E, Xu F, Wang W H, Wu G H, Zhang X X, Shen B G, Zhang Z D 2017 Adv. Mater. 29 29
[25] Hou Z P, Zhang Q, Xu G Z, Gong C, Ding B, Wang Y, Li H, Liu E, Xu F, Zhang H W, Yao Y, Wu G H, Zhang X X, Wang W H 2018 Nano Lett. 18 1274
[26] Zhang S, Petford-Long A K, Phatak C 2016 Sci. Reports 6 31248
[27] Nayak A K, Kumar V, Ma T, Werner P, Pippel E, Sahoo R, Damay F, Rler U K, Felser C, Parkin S S P 2017 Nature 548 561
[28] Yu X Z, Tokunaga Y, Kaneko Y, Zhang W Z, Kimoto K, Matsui Y, Taguchi Y, Tokura Y 2014 Nature Commun. 5 3198
[29] Wang W H, Zhang Y, Xu G Z, Peng L C, Ding B, Wang Y, Hou Z P, Zhang X M, Li X Y, Liu E K, Wang S G, Cai J W, Wang F W, Li J Q, Hu F X, Wu G H, Shen B G, Zhang X X 2016 Adv. Mater. 28 6887
[30] Zhang X C, Zhou Y, Ezawa M 2016 Sci. Reports 6 24795
[31] Barker J, Tretiakov O A 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 147203
[32] Jin C D, Song C K, Wang J B, Liu Q F 2016 Appl. Phys. Lett. 109 182404
[33] Fert A, Cros V, Sampaio J 2013 Nature Nanotech. 8 152
[34] Sampaio J, Cros V, Rohart S, Thiaville A, Fert A 2013 Nature Nanotech. 8 839
[35] Zhang X C, Zhou Y, Ezawa M, Zhao G P, Zhao W 2015 Sci. Reports 5 11369
[36] Zhang X C, Ezawa M, Zhou Y 2015 Sci. Reports 5 9400
[37] Zhang S F, Wang J B, Zheng Q, Zhu Q Y, Liu X Y, Chen S J, Jin C D, Liu Q F, Jia C L, Xue D S 2015 New J. Phys. 17 023061
[38] Garcia-Sanchez F, Sampaio J, Reyren N, Cros V, Kim J V 2016 New J. Phys. 18 075011
[39] Liu X Y, Zhu Q Y, Zhang S F, Liu Q F, Wang J B 2015 AIP Adv. 5 087137
[40] Jin C D, Wang J B, Wang W W, Song C K, Wang J S, Xia H Y, Liu Q F 2018 Phys. Rev. Appl. 9 044007
[41] Mochizuki M 2017 Appl. Phys. Lett. 111 092403
[42] Du H F, Ning W, Tian M L, Zhang Y H 2013 Phys. Rev. B 87 014401
[43] Liu Y, Yan H, Jia M, Du H F, Du A, Zang J D 2017 Phys. Rev. B 95 134442
[44] Zhang B, Wang W W, Beg M, Fangohr H, Kuch W 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 106 102401
[45] Wang W W, Beg M, Zhang B, Kuch W, Fangohr H 2015 Phys. Rev. B 92 020403
[46] Zhang X C, Ezawa M, Xiao D, Zhao G P, Liu Y, Zhou Y 2015 Nanotechnology 26 225701
[47] Mochizuki M 2016 Adv. Electron. Mater. 2 1500180
[48] Brown W F 1959 J. Phys. Radium 20 101
[49] Gilbert T L, Kelly J M 1955 Anomalous Rotational Damping in Ferromagnetic Sheets (New York: American Institute of Electrical Engineers) pp253-263
[50] Gilbert T L 2004 IEEE Trans. Mag. 40 3443
[51] Thiele A A 1973 Phys. Rev. Lett. 30 230
[52] Bhowmik D, You L, Salahuddin S 2014 Nature Nanotech. 9 59
[53] Jiang W J, Zhang X C, Yu G Q, Zhang W, Wang X, Jungfleisch M B, Pearson J E, Cheng X M, Heinonen O, Wang K L, Zhou Y, Hoffmann A, Velthuis S G E 2017 Nature Phys. 13 162
[54] Litzius K, Lemesh I, Krger B, Bassirian P, Caretta L, Richter K, Bttner F, Sato K, Tretiakov O A, Frster J, Reeve R M, Weigand M, Bykova L, Stoll H, Schtz G, Beach G S D, Klui M 2017 Nature Phys. 13 170
[55] Rojas-Sanchez J C, Reyren N, Laczkowski P, Savero W, Attane J P, Deranlot C, Jamet M, George J M, Vila L, Jaffrs H 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 106602
[56] Iwasaki J, Mochizuki M, Nagaosa N 2013 Nature Nanotech. 8 742
[57] Koshibae W, Nagaosa N 2014 Nature Commun. 5 5148
[58] Zhou Y, Ezawa M 2014 Nature Commun. 5 4652
[59] Liu Y Z, Yin G, Zang J D, Shi J, Lake R K 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 107 152411
[60] Mller J, Rosch A, Garst M 2016 New J. Phys. 18 065006
[61] Parkin S S P, Hayashi M, Thomas L 2008 Science 320 190
[62] Zhu Q Y, Mu C P, Xia H Y, Wang W W, Wang J B, Liu Q F 2012 Physica B 407 4584
[63] Jin C D, Zhang S F, Zhu Q Y, Liu X Y, Chen S J, Song C K, Wang J B, Liu Q F 2016 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 49 175005
[64] Martinez E, Emori S, Beach G S 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 072406
[65] Zhang X C, Zhao G P, Fangohr H, Liu J P, Xia W X, Xia J, Morvan F J 2015 Sci. Reports 5 7643
[66] Ding J J, Yang X F, Zhu T 2015 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 48 115004
[67] Tomasello R, Martinez E, Zivieri R, Torres L, Carpentieri M, Finocchio G 2014 Sci. Reports 4 6784
[68] Rosch A 2013 Nature Nanotech. 8 160
[69] Lin S Z, Reichhardt C, Batista C D, Saxena A 2013 Phys. Rev. B 87 214419
[70] Everschor-Sitte K, Sitte M 2014 J. Appl. Phys. 115 172602
[71] Zang J D, Mostovoy M, Han J H, Nagaosa N 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 136804
[72] Chen G 2017 Nature Phys. 13 112
[73] Liu Y, Yan H, Jia M, Du H F, Du A 2016 Appl. Phys. Lett. 109 102402
[74] Purnama I, Gan W L, Wong D W, Lew W S 2015 Sci. Reports 5 10620
[75] Upadhyaya P, Yu G, Amiri P K, Wang K L 2015 Phys. Rev. B 92 134411
[76] Lai P, Zhao G P, Tang H, Ran N, Wu S Q, Xia J, Zhang X, Zhou Y 2017 Sci. Reports 7 45330
[77] Schellekens A J, van den Brink A, Franken J H, Swagten H J M, Koopmans B 2012 Nature Commun. 3 847
[78] Shiota Y, Murakami S, Bonell F, Nozaki T, Shinjo T, Suzuki Y 2011 Appl. Phys. Express 4 043005
[79] Song C K, Jin C D, Wang J S, Xia H Y, Wang J B, Liu Q F 2017 Appl. Phys. Lett. 111 192413
[80] Zhang X C, Zhou Y, Ezawa M 2016 Nature Commun. 7 10293
[81] Kim J V, Yoo M W 2017 Appl. Phys. Lett. 110 132404
[82] Woo S, Litzius K, Krger B, Im M, Caretta L, Richter K, Mann M, Krone A, Reeve R M, Weigand M, Agrawal P, Lemesh I, Mawass M A, Fischer P, Klui M, Beach G S D 2016 Nature Mater. 15 501
[83] Legrand W, Maccariello D, Reyren N, Garcia K, Moutafis C, Moreau-Luchaire C, Collin S, Bouzehouane K, Cros V, Fert A 2017 Nano Lett. 17 2703
[84] Xia J, Huang Y Q, Zhang X C, Kang W, Zheng C T, Liu X X, Zhao W S, Zhou Y 2017 J. Appl. Phys. 122 153901
[85] Ma F S, Ezawa M, Zhou Y 2015 Sci. Reports 5 15154
[86] Xia H Y, Jin C D, Song C K, Wang J S, Wang J B, Liu Q F 2017 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 50 505005
[87] Zeng Z M, Finocchio G, Jiang H W 2013 Nanoscale 5 2219
[88] Zheng F S, Li H, Wang S S, Song D S, Jin C M, Wei W S, Kovcs A, Zang J D, Tian M L, Zhang Y H, Du H F, Dunin-Borkowski R E 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 197205
[89] Du H F, Ning W, Tian M L, Zhang Y H 2013 EPL 101 37001
[90] Mochizuki M 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 017601
[91] Jin C D, Song C K, Wang J S, Xia H Y, Wang J B, Liu Q F 2017 J. Appl. Phys. 122 223901
[92] Onose Y, Okamura Y, Seki S, Ishiwata S, Tokura Y 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 037603
[93] Dai Y Y, Wang H, Yang T, Ren W J, Zhang Z D 2014 Sci. Reports 4 6153
[94] Wang H, Dai Y Y, Yang T, Ren W J, Zhang Z D 2014 RSC Adv. 4 62179
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