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Bulk tungsten and tungsten transmission electron microscopy (TEM) lamella are implanted with 15 keV helium ions at about 873 K to study the microstructure evolution. The samples are implanted to about 11017 He+/cm2. The projected range of the helium ion in tungsten is about 43.9 nm, calculated with the stopping and range of ions in matter program (the SRIM code). The density of pores with diameters ranging from 90 nm to 430 nm is detected on the surface of helium implanted bulk tungsten by field emission scanning electron microscopy. Blistering is also observed on the surface of helium implanted bulk tungsten. The TEM results indicate that fuzz microstructure is formed in helium implanted tungsten TEM lamella, and stacking faults and micro-pores are observed in the fuzz structure. Besides, the density of nano-scaled helium bubbles is detected around the mirco-pores.
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Keywords:
- tungsten /
- medium energy and high density He+ implanted /
- helium bubbles /
- microstructures
[1] Hao J K 2007 Fusion Reactor Material (Beijing: Chemical Industry Press) p12 (in Chinese) [郝嘉琨 2007 聚变堆材料 (北京: 化学工业出版社)第12页]
[2] Xia M, Yan Q Z, Xu L, Guo H Y, Zhu L X, Ge C C 2013 J. Nucl. Mater. 434 85
[3] Xia M, Yan Q Z, Xu L, Zhu L X, Guo H Y, Ge C C 2013 J. Nucl. Mater. 430 216
[4] Andreani R, Diegele E, Laesser R, van der Schaaf B 2004 J. Nucl. Mater. 329-333 20
[5] Morenzo B, Edgar B, Karin B, Luigi D P, Robin F, Luciano G, Stephan H, Claudio N, Prachai N, Aldo P, Neill T, David W 2005 Fusion Eng. Des. 75-79 1173
[6] Maisonnier D, Cook I, Pierre S, Lorenzo B, Luigi D P, Luciano G, Prachai N, Aldo P 2006 Fusion Eng. Des. 81 1123
[7] Lässer R, Baluc N, Boutard J L, Diegele E, Dudarev S, Gasparotto M, Möslang A, Pippan B, Riccardi B, van der Schaaf B 2007 Fusion Eng. Des. 82 511
[8] Linke J, Akiba M, Bolt H, Breitbach G, Duwe R, Makhankov A, Ovchinnikov I, Rödig M, Wallura E 1997 J. Nucl. Mater. 241-243 1210
[9] Singheiser L, Hirai T, Linke J, Pintsuk M, Rödig M 2009 Trans. Indian Inst. Metals. 62 123
[10] Philipps V 2011 J. Nucl. Mater. 415 S2
[11] Song B, Guo L P, Li M, Li C J, Ye M S, Fu D J, Fan X J 2007 Nuclear Techniques 30 777 (in Chinese) [宋搏, 郭立平, 黎明, 李传佳, 叶明生, 付德军, 范湘军 2007 核技术 30 777]
[12] Yu J N, Sha J J, Yu G 2013 Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-16) Beijing, China, October 20-26, 2013
[13] Ziegler J F, Biersack J P, Littmark U 1985 Ion Implantation Science and Technology (New York: Academic Press) p51
[14] Wang T Q, Shen Y P, Zhang R Q, Wang S W, Zhang S F 2000 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 12 339 (in Chinese) [王同权, 沈永平, 张若棋, 王尚武, 张树 发 2000 强激光与粒子束 12 339]
[15] Wang P X, Song J S 2002 Material of Helium and Tritium Permeation (Beijing: National Defence Industry Press) p30 (in Chinese) [王佩璇, 宋家树 2002 材料中的 氦及氚渗透(北京: 国防工业出版社) 第30页]
[16] Hartley F R 1973 The Chemistry of Platinum and Palladium: with Particular Reference to Complexes of the Elements (London:Applied Science Publishers) p5334
[17] Kajita S, Sakaguchi W, Ohno N, Yoshida N, Saeki T 2009 Nucl. Fusion 49 95005
[18] Cipiti B B, Kulcinski G L 2005 J. Nucl. Mater. 347 298
[19] Kajita S, Yoshida N, Yoshihara R, Ohno N, Yamagiwa M 2011 J. Nucl. Mater. 418 152
[20] Xia M, Guo H Y, Dai Y, Yan Q Z, Guo L P, Li T C, Qiao Y, Ge C C 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 127806
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[1] Hao J K 2007 Fusion Reactor Material (Beijing: Chemical Industry Press) p12 (in Chinese) [郝嘉琨 2007 聚变堆材料 (北京: 化学工业出版社)第12页]
[2] Xia M, Yan Q Z, Xu L, Guo H Y, Zhu L X, Ge C C 2013 J. Nucl. Mater. 434 85
[3] Xia M, Yan Q Z, Xu L, Zhu L X, Guo H Y, Ge C C 2013 J. Nucl. Mater. 430 216
[4] Andreani R, Diegele E, Laesser R, van der Schaaf B 2004 J. Nucl. Mater. 329-333 20
[5] Morenzo B, Edgar B, Karin B, Luigi D P, Robin F, Luciano G, Stephan H, Claudio N, Prachai N, Aldo P, Neill T, David W 2005 Fusion Eng. Des. 75-79 1173
[6] Maisonnier D, Cook I, Pierre S, Lorenzo B, Luigi D P, Luciano G, Prachai N, Aldo P 2006 Fusion Eng. Des. 81 1123
[7] Lässer R, Baluc N, Boutard J L, Diegele E, Dudarev S, Gasparotto M, Möslang A, Pippan B, Riccardi B, van der Schaaf B 2007 Fusion Eng. Des. 82 511
[8] Linke J, Akiba M, Bolt H, Breitbach G, Duwe R, Makhankov A, Ovchinnikov I, Rödig M, Wallura E 1997 J. Nucl. Mater. 241-243 1210
[9] Singheiser L, Hirai T, Linke J, Pintsuk M, Rödig M 2009 Trans. Indian Inst. Metals. 62 123
[10] Philipps V 2011 J. Nucl. Mater. 415 S2
[11] Song B, Guo L P, Li M, Li C J, Ye M S, Fu D J, Fan X J 2007 Nuclear Techniques 30 777 (in Chinese) [宋搏, 郭立平, 黎明, 李传佳, 叶明生, 付德军, 范湘军 2007 核技术 30 777]
[12] Yu J N, Sha J J, Yu G 2013 Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-16) Beijing, China, October 20-26, 2013
[13] Ziegler J F, Biersack J P, Littmark U 1985 Ion Implantation Science and Technology (New York: Academic Press) p51
[14] Wang T Q, Shen Y P, Zhang R Q, Wang S W, Zhang S F 2000 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 12 339 (in Chinese) [王同权, 沈永平, 张若棋, 王尚武, 张树 发 2000 强激光与粒子束 12 339]
[15] Wang P X, Song J S 2002 Material of Helium and Tritium Permeation (Beijing: National Defence Industry Press) p30 (in Chinese) [王佩璇, 宋家树 2002 材料中的 氦及氚渗透(北京: 国防工业出版社) 第30页]
[16] Hartley F R 1973 The Chemistry of Platinum and Palladium: with Particular Reference to Complexes of the Elements (London:Applied Science Publishers) p5334
[17] Kajita S, Sakaguchi W, Ohno N, Yoshida N, Saeki T 2009 Nucl. Fusion 49 95005
[18] Cipiti B B, Kulcinski G L 2005 J. Nucl. Mater. 347 298
[19] Kajita S, Yoshida N, Yoshihara R, Ohno N, Yamagiwa M 2011 J. Nucl. Mater. 418 152
[20] Xia M, Guo H Y, Dai Y, Yan Q Z, Guo L P, Li T C, Qiao Y, Ge C C 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 127806
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