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We theoretically investigate the electromagnetic properties of the multilayer graphene-dielectric composite materials based on the effective medium theory. It is found that the structure exhibits hyperbolic isofrequency wavevector dispersions at THz and far-infrared frequencies, hence thereby realizing the effective graphene-based hyperbolic metamaterials (HMM). The frequncy band of the hyperbolic dispersion can be tuned by changing the Fermi energy of graphene sheet, the thickness of the dielectric layer and the layer number of graphene sheets. Because of the hyperbolic dispersion, graphene-based HMM possesses a negative energy refraction and positive phase refraction for oblique incidence at far below the critical frequency. The highly confined bulk polariton modes are also supported. Based on the attenuated total reflection configuration, the excitation of the bulk polariton mode is studied, in addition, such properties used in the tunable optical reflection modulation are also explored.
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Keywords:
- metamaterial /
- graphene /
- negative refraction /
- bulk polaritons
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[22] Zhu B F, Ren G B, Zheng S W, Lin Z, Jian S S 2013 Opt. Express 21 17089
[23] Xiang Y J, Guo J, Dai X Y, Wen S C, Tang D Y 2014 Opt. Express 22 3054
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[26] Hu L B, Chui S T 2002 Phys. Rev. B 66 085108
[27] Grzegorczyk T M, Nikku M, Chen X D, Wu B I, Kong J A 2005 IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 53 1443
[28] Avrutsky I, Salakhutdinov I, Elser J, Podolskiy V 2007 Phys. Rev. B 75 241402
[29] Xu H J, Lu W B, Zhu W, Dong Z G, Cui T J 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 243110
[30] Chen C F, Park C H, Boudouris B W, Horng J, Geng B, Girit C, Zettl A, Crommie M F, Segalman R A, Louie S G, Wang F 2011 Nature 471 617
[31] Shi X L, Zheng S L, Chi H, Jin X F, Zhang X M 2013 Opt. Laser Technol. 49 316
[32] Li J S 2013 Opt. Commun. 296 137
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[1] Smith D R, Schultz S 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 077405
[2] Drachev V P, Podolskiy V A, Kildishev A V 2013 Opt. Express 21 15048
[3] Argyropoulos C, Estakhri N M, Monticone F, Alú A 2013 Opt. Express 21 15037
[4] Sreekanth K V, Luca A De, Strangi G 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 023107
[5] Wood B, Pendry J B, Tsai D P 2006 Phys. Rev. B 74 115116
[6] Kotynski R, Stefaniuk T 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 1133
[7] Xiang Y J, Dai X Y, We S C, Fan D Y 2007 J. Appl. Phys. 102 093107
[8] Zhukovsky S V, Kidwai O, Sipe J E 2013 Opt. Express 21 14982
[9] Noginov M A, Barnakov A, Zhu G, Tumkur T, Li H Narimanov E E 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 94 151105
[10] Vinogradov A P, Dorofeenko A V, Nechepurenko I A 2010 Metamaterials 4 181
[11] Dong H M 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 237804 (in Chinese) [董海明 2013 62 237804]
[12] Novoselov K S, Falko V I, Colombo L, Gellert P R, Schwab M G, Kim K 2012 Nature 490 192
[13] Grigorenko A N, Polini M, Novoselov K S 2012 Nature Photon. 6 749
[14] Guo B D, Fang L, Zhang B H, Gong J R 2011 Insciences J. 1 80
[15] Fei Z, Rodin A S, Andreev G O, Bao W, McLeod A S, Wagner M, Zhang L M, Zhao Z, Thiemens M, Dominguez G, Fogler M M, Neto A H C, Lau C N, Keilmann F, Basov D N 2012 Nature 487 82
[16] Xie L Y, Xiao W B, Huang G Q, Hu A R, Liu J T 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 057803 (in Chinese) [谢凌云, 肖文波, 黄国庆, 胡爱荣, 刘江涛 2014 63 057803]
[17] Othman M A K, Guclu C, Capolino F 2013 J. Nanophoton. 7 073089
[18] Wu H Q, Linghu C Y, L H M, Qian H 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 098106
[19] Zhang L, Fu X L, Lei M, Chen J J, Yang J Z, Peng Z J, Tang W H 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 038101
[20] Iorsh I V, Mukhin I S, Shadrivov I V, Belov P A, Kivshar Y S 2013 Phys. Rev. B 87 075416
[21] Zhang T, Chen L, Li X 2013 Opt. Express 21 20888
[22] Zhu B F, Ren G B, Zheng S W, Lin Z, Jian S S 2013 Opt. Express 21 17089
[23] Xiang Y J, Guo J, Dai X Y, Wen S C, Tang D Y 2014 Opt. Express 22 3054
[24] Tao H, Bingham C M, Strikwerda A C, Pilon D, Shrekenhamer D, Landy N I, Fan K, Zhang X, Padilla W J, Averitt R D 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 241103(R)
[25] Kidwai O, Zhukovsky S V, Sipe J E 2012 Phys. Rev. A 85 053842
[26] Hu L B, Chui S T 2002 Phys. Rev. B 66 085108
[27] Grzegorczyk T M, Nikku M, Chen X D, Wu B I, Kong J A 2005 IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 53 1443
[28] Avrutsky I, Salakhutdinov I, Elser J, Podolskiy V 2007 Phys. Rev. B 75 241402
[29] Xu H J, Lu W B, Zhu W, Dong Z G, Cui T J 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 243110
[30] Chen C F, Park C H, Boudouris B W, Horng J, Geng B, Girit C, Zettl A, Crommie M F, Segalman R A, Louie S G, Wang F 2011 Nature 471 617
[31] Shi X L, Zheng S L, Chi H, Jin X F, Zhang X M 2013 Opt. Laser Technol. 49 316
[32] Li J S 2013 Opt. Commun. 296 137
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