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The development of highly efficient and low-cost solar cells is the key to large-scale application of solar photovoltaic technology. In recent years, the solution-processed organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells attracted considerable attention because of their advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, low cost, and ease of processing. The ambipolar semiconducting characteristic of perovskite enables the construction of planar heterojunction architecture to be possible in perovskite-based solar cells. This kind of architecture avoids the use of mesoporous metal oxide film, which simplifies the processing route and makes it easier to fabricate flexible and tandem perovskite-based solar cells. Planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells can be divided into n-i-p type and p-i-n type according to the charge flow direction. Two interfaces are formed between perovskite film and hole/electron transport layer, where efficient charge separation can be realized. Hole and electron transport layers can form separated continuous paths for the transport of holes and electrons, thus beneficial to improving exciton separation, charge transportation, and collection efficiency. In addition, this planar architecture avoids the use of high temperature sintered mesoporous metal oxide framework; this is beneficial to expanding the choice of the charge transport materials. In this paper, we review the recent progress on the planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells. First, we introduce the material properties of perovskite, the evolution of device architecture, and the working principle of p-i-n type and n-i-p type planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells. Then, we review the recent progress and optimization of planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells from every aspect of perovskite preparation and the selection of electron/hole transport materials. Finally, we would like to give a perspective view on and address the concerns about perovskite solar cells.
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Keywords:
- perovskite solar cells /
- planar heterojunction /
- electron transport layer /
- hole transport layer
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[1] Yella A, Lee H W, Tsao H N, Yi C, Chandiran A K, Nazeeruddin M K, Diau E W, Yeh C Y, Zakeeruddin S M, Grätzel M 2011 Science 334 629
[2] Mathew S, Yella A, Gao P, Humphry-Baker R, CurchodBasile F E, Ashari-Astani N, Tavernelli I, Rothlisberger U, NazeeruddinMd K, Grätzel M 2014 Nat. Chem. 6 242
[3] Kojima A, Teshima K, Shirai Y, Miyasaka T 2009 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131 6050
[4] Burschka J, Pellet N, Moon S J, Humphry-Baker R, Gao P, Nazeeruddin M K, Grätzel M 2013 Nature 499 316
[5] Liu M, Johnston M B, Snaith H J 2013 Nature 501 395
[6] Zhou H, Chen Q, Li G, Luo S, Song T B, Duan H S, Hong Z, You J, Liu Y, Yang Y 2014 Science 345 542
[7] Albert V A, Barbazuk W B, dePamphilis C W, Der J P, Leebens-Mack J, Ma H, Palmer J D, Rounsley S, Sankoff D, Schuster S C, Soltis D E, Soltis P S, Wessler S R, Wing R A, Albert V A, Ammiraju J S, Barbazuk W B, Chamala S, Chanderbali A S, dePamphilis C W, Der J P, Determann R, Leebens-Mack J, Ma H, Ralph P, Rounsley S, Schuster S C, Soltis D E, Soltis P S, Talag J, Tomsho L, Walts B, Wanke S, Wing R A, Albert V A, Barbazuk W B, Chamala S, Chanderbali A S, Chang T H, Determann R, Lan T, Soltis D E, Soltis P S, Arikit S, Axtell M J, Ayyampalayam S, Barbazuk W B, Burnette J M 3rd, Chamala S, De Paoli E, dePamphilis C W, Der J P, Estill J C, Farrell N P, Harkess A, Jiao Y, Leebens-Mack J, Liu K, Mei W, Meyers B C, Shahid S, Wafula E, Walts B, Wessler S R, Zhai J, Zhang X, Albert V A, Carretero-Paulet L, dePamphilis C W, Der J P, Jiao Y, Leebens-Mack J, Lyons E, Sankoff D, Tang H, Wafula E, Zheng C, Albert V A, Altman N S, Barbazuk W B, Carretero-Paulet L, dePamphilis C W, Der J P, Estill J C, Jiao Y, Leebens-Mack J, Liu K, Mei W, Wafula E, Altman NS, Arikit S, Axtell M J, Chamala S, Chanderbali A S, Chen F, Chen J Q, Chiang V, De Paoli E, dePamphilis C W, Der J P, Determann R, Fogliani B, Guo C, Harholt J, Harkess A, Job C, Job D, Kim S, Kong H, Leebens-Mack J, Li G, Li L, Liu J, Ma H, Meyers B C, Park J, Qi X, Rajjou L, Burtet-Sarramegna V, Sederoff R, Shahid S, Soltis D E, Soltis P S, Sun Y H, Ulvskov P, Villegente M, Xue J Y, Yeh T F, Yu X, Zhai J, Acosta J J, Albert VA, Barbazuk W B, Bruenn R A, Chamala S, de Kochko A, dePamphilis C W, Der JP, Herrera-Estrella LR, Ibarra-Laclette E, Kirst M, Leebens-Mack J, Pissis S P, Poncet V, Schuster S C, Soltis D E, Soltis P S, Tomsho L 2013 Science 342 1438
[8] Kim H S, Im S H, Park N G 2014 J. Phys. Chem. C 118 5615
[9] Sun S, Salim T, Mathews N, Duchamp M, Boothroyd C, Xing G, Sum T C, Lam Y M 2014 Energ. Environ. Sci. 7 399
[10] Tanaka K, Takahashi T, Ban T, Kondo T, Uchida K, Miura N 2003 Solid State Commun. 127 619
[11] Stoumpos C C, Malliakas C D, Kanatzidis M G 2013 Inorg. Chem. 52 9019
[12] Stranks S D, Eperon G E, Grancini G, Menelaou C, Alcocer M J P, Leijtens T, Herz L M, Petrozza A, Snaith H J 2013 Science 342 341
[13] Baikie T, Fang Y, Kadro J M, Schreyer M, Wei F, Mhaisalkar S G, Graetzel M, White T J 2013 J. Mater. Chem. A 1 5628
[14] Lee M M, Teuscher J, Miyasaka T, Murakami T N, Snaith H J 2012 Science 338 643
[15] Edri E, Kirmayer S, Cahen D, Hodes G 2013 J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 4 897
[16] Wojciechowski K, Saliba M, Leijtens T, Abate A, Snaith H J 2014 Energ. Environ. Sci. 7 1142
[17] Xiao M, Huang F, Huang W, Dkhissi Y, Zhu Y, Etheridge J, Gray-Weale A, Bach U, Cheng Y B, Spiccia L 2014 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 53 9898
[18] Im J H, Lee C R, Lee J W, Park S W, Park N G 2011 Nanoscale 3 4088
[19] Kim H S, Lee C R, Im J H, Lee K B, Moehl T, Marchioro A, Moon S J, Humphry-Baker R, Yum J H, Moser J E 2012 Sci. Rep. 2 591
[20] Chen H, Pan X, Liu W, Cai M, Kou D, Huo Z, Fang X, Dai S 2013 Chem. Commun. 49 7277
[21] Ball J M, Lee M M, Hey A, Snaith H J 2013 Energ. Environ. Sci. 6 1739
[22] Kim H S, Mora-Sero I, Gonzalez-Pedro V, Fabregat-Santiago F, Juarez-Perez E J, Park N G, Bisquert J 2013 Nat. Commun. 4 2242
[23] Bi D, Moon S-J, Häggman L, Boschloo G, Yang L, Johansson E M J, Nazeeruddin M K, Grätzel M, Hagfeldt A 2013 RSC Advances 3 18762
[24] Mei A, Li X, Liu L, Ku Z, Liu T, Rong Y, Xu M, Hu M, Chen J, Yang Y, Grätzel M, Han H 2014 Science 345 295
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[27] Jeng J Y, Chiang Y F, Lee M H, Peng S R, Guo T F, Chen P, Wen T C 2013 Adv. Mater. 25 3727
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[30] Kim J, Kim G, Kim T K, Kwon S, Back H, Lee J, Lee S H, Kang H, Lee K 2014 J. Mater. Chem. A 2 17291
[31] Seo J, Park S, Chan Kim Y, Jeon N J, Noh J H, Yoon S C, Seok S I 2014 Energ. Environ. Sci. 7 2642
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[38] Liang P W, Chueh C C, Xin X K, Zuo F, Williams S T, Liao C Y, Jen A K Y 2014 Adv. Energy. Mater. DOI:101002aenm201400960
[39] Conings B, Baeten L, De Dobbelaere C, D'Haen J, Manca J, Boyen H G 2013 Adv. Mater. 26 2041
[40] Jeng J Y, Chen K C, Chiang T Y, Lin P Y, Tsai T D, Chang Y C, Guo T F, Chen P, Wen T C, Hsu Y J 2014 Adv. Mater. 26 4107
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[42] Eperon G E, Burlakov V M, Docampo P, Goriely A, Snaith H J 2014 Adv. Funct. Mater. 24 151
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[50] You J, Hong Z, Yang Y, Chen Q, Cai M, Song T B, Chen C C, Lu S, Liu Y, Zhou H 2014 ACS Nano 8 1674
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