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Refractive index sensing is attracting extensive attention in biochemical sensing using terahertz technology. Various structures with strong confinements have been used to design sensors for improving the interaction between the terahertz wave field and the analytes, such as photonic crystals, nanowires, plasmonic structures, and metamaterials. Terahertz wave sensors based on two-dimensional photonic crystal have been used in various areas ranging from disease diagnostics to environmental pollution detection. For improving the performance of terahertz sensor, a sensing scheme based on high-density polyethylene sunflower-typecircular photonic crystal structure is proposed. The designed sensor contains two symmetrical sample cells surrounding a cavity in a circular photonic crystal. The transmission properties of the terahertz wave sensor are analyzed based on COMSOL Multiphysics when the central sample cells are filled with analyte with different refractive indices. The sensor characteristics depending on the structure parameters are analyzed. The choice of these parameters is discussed. Finally, a sensitivity of 10.4 μm/RIU, Q-factor of 62.21, and figure-of-merit of 1.46 are realized. The results in this work are expected to be able to extend the circular photonic crystal-based sensor to terahertz wave region.
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图 1 圆形光子晶体太赫兹波传感器 (a)二维结构; (b)三维结构
Figure 1. (a) 2D structure of the terahertz wave sensor based on the circular photonic crystal; (b) 3D structure of the sensor.
图 2 计算得到的无缺陷圆形光子晶体的透射光谱(蓝色虚线)和基于圆形光子晶体设计的太赫兹传感器的透射光谱(红色实线)
Figure 2. Calculated transmission spectra of a circular photonic crystal without defects (dashed blue curve) and the designed sensor (solid red curve).
图 3 不同样品折射率时圆形光子晶体传感器在0.5— 2.0 THz范围内的透射谱
Figure 3. Transmission spectra of the circular photonic crystal sensor ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 THz with different refractive indices of the samples.
图 4 圆形光子晶体传感器共振频率1.233 THz附近的透射光谱
Figure 4. Transmission spectra of the circular photonic crystal sensor around the selected resonant frequency of 1.233 THz with different refractive indices of the samples.
图 5 当g = 0 μm参数t对灵敏度S, Q因子和FOM的影响
Figure 5. Influence of t on sensitivity S, Q-factor and FOM when g = 0 μm.
图 6 当t = 0 μm时参数g对灵敏度S, Q因子和FOM的影响
Figure 6. Influence of g on sensitivity S, Q-factor and FOM when t = 0 μm.
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[1] Wu F, Wu J J, Guo Z W, Jiang H T, Sun Y, Ren J, Chen H 2019 Phys. Rev. Appl. 12 014028
Google Scholar
[2] Wang X P, Sang M H, Yuan W, Nie Y Y, Luo H M 2016 IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 28 264
Google Scholar
[3] Zhang Y B, Liu W W, Li Z C, Zhi L, Cheng H, Chen S Q, Tian J G 2018 Opt. Lett. 43 1842
Google Scholar
[4] Liang L, Hu X, Wen L, Zhu Y H, Yang X G, Zhou J, Zhang Y X, Carranza I E, Grant J, Jiang C P, Cumming D R S, Li B J, Chen Q 2018 Laser Photonics Rev. 12 1800078
Google Scholar
[5] Xu S, Fan F, Ji Y Y, Cheng J R, Chang S J 2019 Opt. Lett. 44 2450
Google Scholar
[6] 李绍和, 李九生, 孙建忠 2019 68 104203
Google Scholar
Li S H, Li J S, Sun J Z 2019 Acta Phys. Sin. 68 104203
Google Scholar
[7] Chen J, Nie H, Tang C J, Cui Y H, Yan B, Zhang Z Y, Kong Y R, Xu Z J, Cai P G 2019 Appl. Phys. Express 12 052015
Google Scholar
[8] 田伟, 文岐业, 陈智, 杨青慧, 荆玉兰, 张怀武 2015 64 028401
Google Scholar
Tian W, Wen Q Y, Chen Z, Yang Q H, Jing Y L, Zhang H W 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 028401
Google Scholar
[9] Cheng W, Han Z H, Du Y, Qin J Y 2019 Opt. Express 27 16071
Google Scholar
[10] Xiang Y J, Zhu J Q, Wu L M, You Q, Ruan B X, Dai X Y 2018 IEEE Photonics J. 10 6800507
[11] Keshavarz M M, Alighanbari A 2019 Appl. Opt. 58 3604
Google Scholar
[12] Padhy P, Sahu P K, Jha R 2016 Sens. Actuators B 225 115
Google Scholar
[13] Janneh M, Marcellis A D, Palange E, Tenggara A T, Byun D 2018 Opt. Commun. 416 152
Google Scholar
[14] Wang S H, Sun X H, Wang C, Peng G D, Qi Y L, Wang X S 2017 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 50 365102
Google Scholar
[15] Yan D X, Li J S, Jin L F 2019 Laser Phys. 29 025401
Google Scholar
[16] Tavousi A, Rakhshani M R, Mansouri-Birjandi M A 2018 Opt. Commun. 429 166
Google Scholar
[17] 王昌辉, 赵国华, 常胜江 2012 61 157805
Google Scholar
Wang C H, Zhao G H, Chang S J 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 157805
Google Scholar
[18] Fink Y, Winn J N, Fan S H, Chen C P, Michel J, Joannopoulos J D, Thomas E L 1998 Science 282 1679
Google Scholar
[19] Wu F, Lu G, Guo Z W, Jiang H T, Xue C H, Zheng M J, Chen C X, Du G Q, Chen H 2018 Phys. Rev. Appl. 10 064022
Google Scholar
[20] Wang X, Jiang X, You Q, Guo J, Dai X Y, Xiang Y J 2017 Photonics Res. 5 536
Google Scholar
[21] Kraeh C, Martinez-Hurtado J L, Popescu A, Hedler H, Finley J J 2018 Opt. Mater. 76 106
Google Scholar
[22] Caër C, Serna-Otálvaro S F, Zhang W W, Roux X L, Cassan E 2014 Opt. Lett. 39 5792
Google Scholar
[23] Li L Q, Li T L, Ji F T, Song W P, Zhang G Y, Li Y 2017 Microsyst. Technol. 23 3271
Google Scholar
[24] Ghanaatshoar M, Zamani M 2015 J. Supercond. Novel Magn. 28 1365
Google Scholar
[25] Wang B, Jin H T, Zheng Z Q, Zhou Y H, Gao C 2017 Sens. Actuators B 244 344
Google Scholar
[26] Li K, Feng X, Cui K Y, Zhang W, Liu F, Huang Y D 2017 Appl. Opt. 56 3096
Google Scholar
[27] Ouerghi F, AbdelMalek F, Haxha S, Abid R, Mejatty H, Dayoub I 2009 J. Lightwave Technol. 27 3269
Google Scholar
[28] Ge R, Xie J L, Yan B, Liu E X, Tan W, Liu J J 2018 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 35 992
Google Scholar
[29] Lee P T, Lu T W, Fan J H, Tsai F M 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 151125
Google Scholar
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