Nonlocal resistance in multi-terminal graphene system

Wang Zi-Bo; Jiang Hua; Xie Xin-Cheng

doi:10.7498/aps.66.217201

Abstract

Since the nonlocal measurement is helpful in discovering nontrivial physics that is too difficult to detect directly, the nonlocal measurement has now become one of the research focuses in condensed matter physics. Recent experiments find the signal of the giant nonlocal resistance in an H-shaped multi-terminal graphene system. After excluding other possible transport mechanisms, such as the classic Ohmic diffusion and the edge states, researchers tend to believe that the nonlocal resistance signal originates from the spin/valley Hall effect existing in graphene sample. Based on the Landauer-Buttiker formula, the numerical results make a relatively perfect match with the experimental data in the same multi-terminal graphene system. However, though the theoretic research has made certain progress in explaining the existence of the nonlocal resistance, it is still difficult to understand some exotic behaviors of the nonlocal resistance, which exhibits properties even contradictory to the known classical theories. For instance, the nonlocal resistance decreases to zero much more rapidly than the local one, and the giant peak of the nonlocal resistance appears inside the energy gap of the graphene. In this review, the experiments focusing on the nonlocal resistance in multi-terminal graphene system are carefully reviewed. Besides, this review also shows the associated theoretic studies, and an overlook of the future study is also provided.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
Microsystems and Terahertz Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Chengdu 610200, China;
2.
Institute of Electronic Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China;
3.
College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;
4.
Institute for Advanced Study of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;
5.
International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
6.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China

Corresponding author: Jiang Hua, jianghuaphy@suda.edu.cnc

Funds: Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2015CB921102, 2014CB920901), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11704348, 11374219, 11534001, 11404300), and the Science Challenge Project, China (Grant No. TZ2016003-1).

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[37]	Xiao D, Liu G B, Feng W X, Xu X D, Yao W 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 196802
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Cited By

[1]	Brune C, Buhmann H, Molenkamp L W, Maciejko J, Qi X L, Zhang S C 2009 Science 325 294
[2]	Chang C Z, Zhao W, Kim K Y, Wei P, Jain J K, Liu C, Chan M H W, Moodera J S 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 057206
[3]	Parameswaran S A, Grover T, Abanin D A, Pesin D A, Vishwanath A 2014 Phys. Rev. X 4 031035
[4]	McEuen P L, Szafer A, Richter C A, Alphenaar B W, Jain J K, Stone A D, Wheeler R G, Sacks R N 1990 Phys. Rev. Lett. 64 2062
[5]	Abanin D A, Morozov S V, Ponomarenko L A, Gorbachev R V, Mayorov A S, Katsnelson M I, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Novoselov K S, Levitov L S, Geim A K 2011 Science 332 328
[6]	Balakroshnan J, Koon G K W, Jaiswal M, Castro Neto A H, Ozyilmaz B 2013 Nat. Phys. 9 284
[7]	Gorbachev R V, Song J C W, Yu G L, Kretinin A V, Withers F, Cao Y, Mishchenko A, Grigoreiva I V, Novoselov K S, Levitov L S, Geim A K 2014 Science 346 448
[8]	Shimazaki Y, Yamamoto M, Borzenets I V, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Tarucha S 2015 Nat. Phys. 11 1032
[9]	Sui M, Chen G, Ma L, Shan W Y, Tian D, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Jin X, Yao W, Xiao D, Zhang Y 2015 Nat. Phys. 11 1027
[10]	Yamamoto M, Shimazaki Y, Borzenets I V, Tarucha S 2015 J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 84 121006
[11]	Hirsch J E 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 1834
[12]	Murakami S, Nagaosa N, Zhang S C 2003 Science 301 1348
[13]	Sinova J, Culcer D, Niu Q, Sinitsyn N A, Jungwirth T, MacDonald A H 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 126603
[14]	Kato Y K, Myers R C, Gossard A C, Awsschalom D D 2004 Science 306 1910
[15]	Kimura T, Otani Y 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 196604
[16]	Brune C, Roth A, Novik E G, Konig M, Buhmann H, Hankiewicz E M, Hanke W, Sinova J, Molenkamp L W 2010 Nat. Phys. 6 448
[17]	Sheng L, Sheng D N, Ting C S, Haldane F D M 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 136602
[18]	Wang Z, Liu H, Jiang H, Xie X C 2016 Phys. Rev. B 94 035409
[19]	Tuan D V, Marmolejo-Tejada J M, Waiintal X, Nikolic B K, Valenzuela S O, Roche S 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 176602
[20]	Chen C L, Chang C R, Nikolic B K 2012 Phys. Rev. B 85 155414
[21]	Renard J, Studer M, Folk J A 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 116601
[22]	Wei P, Lee S, Lemaitre F, Pinel L, Cutaia D, Cha W, Katmis F, Zhu Y, Heiman D, Hone J, Moodera J S, Chen C T 2016 Nat. Mater. 15 711
[23]	Abanin D A, Gorbachev R V, Novoselov K S, Geim A K, Levitov L S 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 096601
[24]	Xiao D, Yao W, Niu Q 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 236809
[25]	Lensky Y D, Song J C W, Samutpraphoot P, Levitov L S 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 256601
[26]	Marmolejo-Tejada J M, Garcia J H, Chang P H, Sheng X L, Cresti A, Roche S, Nikolic B K 2017 arXiv: 1706.09361v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall]
[27]	Saitoh E, Ueda M, Miyajima H, Tatara G 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 182509
[28]	Valenzuela S O, Tinkham M 2006 Nature 442 176
[29]	Kimura T, Otani Y, Sato T, Takahashi S, Maekawa S 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 156601
[30]	Balakrishnan J, Koon G K W, Avsar A, Ho Y, Lee J H, Jaiswal M, Baeck S, Ahn J, Ferreira A, Cazalilla M A, Castro Neto A H, Ozyilmaz B 2014 Nat. Commun. 5 4748
[31]	Abanin D A, Shytov A V, Levitov L S, Halperin B I 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 035304
[32]	Mihajlovic G, Pearson J E, Garcia M A, Bader S D, Hoffmann A 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 166601
[33]	Sheng L, Sheng D N, Ting C S 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 016602
[34]	Huang C, Chong Y D, Cazalilla M A 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 136804
[35]	Mak K F, McGill K L, Park J, McEuen P L 2014 Science 344 1489
[36]	Lee J, Mak K F, Shan J 2016 Nat. Nanotechnol. 11 421
[37]	Xiao D, Liu G B, Feng W X, Xu X D, Yao W 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 196802
[38]	Zhai F, Zhao X, Chang K, Xu H Q 2010 Phys. Rev. B 82 115442
[39]	Gunlycke D, White C T 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 136806
[40]	Zhai F, Ma Y L, Chang K 2011 New J. Phys. 13 083029
[41]	Xiao D, Chang M C, Niu Q 2010 Rev. Mod. Phys. 82 1959
[42]	Cresti A, Nikolic B K, Garcia J H, Roche S 2016 La Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento 12 587

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Vol. 66, Issue 21 - 2017-11-05

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