Strong coupling between J-aggregates and surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanodisks arrays

Zhao Ze-Yu; Liu Jin-Qiao; Li Ai-Wu; Xu Ying

doi:10.7498/aps.65.231101

Abstract

Recently, much attention has been paid to an interesting subject, i.e., the interactions between surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and molecules. The interactions between SPPs and molecules often appear in two opposite cases, namely weak and strong coupling. When the interaction is weak, the absorption maximum simply coincides with the electronic transition energy of the molecule. In the weak coupling regime, the wave functions of the molecule and the SPP modes are considered to be unperturbed, only leading to enhancement of the absorption or fluorescence of the molecules. On the other hand, when the interaction is strong enough, the SPPs and molecules can form a coherent hybrid object, thus the excitation energy is shared by and oscillates between the SPPs and molecular systems (Rabi oscillations), leading to vacuum Rabi splitting of energy levels at the resonance frequency. Due to the fact that both the SPPs and the molecule components can be confined into the nanometer scale, the work on strong coupling with SPPs offers a very good opportunity to realize nanoplasmonic devices, such as thresholdless laser and room temperature B-E condensates.In this work, we investigate a hybrid system formed by strong coupled gold nanodisk arrays and J-aggregate molecules. Smooth gold nanodisk arrays are fabricated by a template-stripping process. In such an experimentally simple replicate process, mass-production of gold nanodisk arrays with the same morphology can be transferred from patterned indium tin oxides (ITO) glass. The structures on ITO glass are milled with a focused ion beam. Periodic gold nanodisk arrays have the capability of converting light into SPPs modes, resulting in a significant field confinement at the patterned metal surface. In particular, the desired SPP mode can be chosen by changing the nanodisk array period to match the absorbance peak of the J-aggregate molecule. On the other hand, J-aggregate molecule is chosen due to its large dipole moments and absorption coefficient, which makes it attractive for designing the strong exciton-plasmon interaction system. The strong coupled system is formed when the J-aggregate molecule is spin-coated on the gold nanodisk arrays. Through reflection measurements, Rabi splitting energy value 200 meV is observed when the period of the nanodisk array is 350 nm. Through tuning the coupling strength by changing the lattice period from 250 nm to 450 nm, the typical signature of strong coupling:anticrossing of energies is found in reflection spectra. This simple replicate process for strong coupling hybrid system fabrication should play an important role in designing novel ultrafast nanoplasmonic devices with coherent functionalities.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;
2.
State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, China;
3.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China

Corresponding author: Xu Ying, xuying1969@hotmail.com

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31378053).

References

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[32]	Wang L, Li Q, Wang H Y, Huang J C, Zhang R, Chen Q D, Xu H L, Han W, Shao Z Z, Sun H B 2015 Light Sci. Appl. 4 e245
[33]	Wang L, Zhu S J, Wang H Y, Qu S N, Zhang Y L, Zhang J H, Chen Q D, Xu H L, Han W, Yang B, Sun H B 2014 ACS Nano 8 2541
[34]	Wang H, Wang H Y, Gao B R, Wang L, Yang Z Y, Du X B, Chen Q D, Song J F, Sun H B 2011 Nanoscale 3 2280
[35]	Gao B R, Wang H Y, Hao Y W, Fu L M, Fang H H, Jiang Y, Wang L, Chen Q D, Xia H, Pan L Y, Ma Y G, Sun H B 2010 J. Phys. Chem. B 114 128
[36]	Vogel N, Zieleniecki J, Koper I 2012 Nanoscale 4 3820
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[39]	Cao L, Brongersma L M 2009 Nat. Photonics 3 12

Cited By

[1]	Sheng Y, Fan D H, Fu J W, Yu C P 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 117302 (in Chinese)[沈云, 范定寰, 傅继武, 于国萍2011 60 117302]
[2]	Huang Q, Cao L R, Sun J, Zhang X D, Geng W D, Xiong S Z, Zhao Y, Wang J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 1980 (in Chinese)[黄茜, 曹丽冉, 孙建, 张晓丹, 耿卫东, 熊绍珍, 赵颖, 王京2009 58 1980]
[3]	Gramotnev D K, Bozhevolnyi S I 2010 Nat. Photonics 4 83
[4]	Xu B B, Zhang R, Liu X Q, Wang H, Zhang Y L, Jiang H B, Wang L, Ma Z C, Ku J F, Xiao F S, Sun H B 2012 Chem. Commun. 48 1680
[5]	Xu B B, Ma Z C, Wang L, Zhang R, Niu L G, Yang Z, Zhang Y L, Zheng W H, Zhao B, Xu Y, Chen Q D, Xia H, Sun H B 2011 Lab on Chip 11 3347
[6]	Wang H, Wang H Y, Gao B R, Jiang Y, Yang Z Y, Hao Y W, Chen Q D, Du X B, Sun H B 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 251501
[7]	Jiang Y, Wang H Y, Wang H, Gao B R, Hao Y W, Jin Y, Chen Q D, Sun H B 2011 J. Phys. Chem. C 115 12636
[8]	Neogi A, Lee C W, Everitt H O, Kuroda T, Tackeuchi A, Yablonovitch E 2002 Phys. Rev. B 66 153305
[9]	Törmö P, Barnes W L 2015 Rep. Prog. Phys. 78 013901
[10]	Khitrova G, Gibbs H M, Kira M, Koch S W, Scherer A 2006 Nat. Phys. 2 81
[11]	Barnes W L, Dereux A, Ebbesen T W 2003 Nature 424 824
[12]	Schlather A E, Large N, Urban A S, Nordlander P, Halas N J 2013 Nano Lett. 13 3281
[13]	Zengin G, Wersäll M, Nilsson S, Antosiewicz T J, Käll M, Shegai T 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 157401
[14]	Ding K, Ning C Z 2012 Light Sci. Appl. 1 e20
[15]	Fang Y, Sun M 2015 Light Sci. Appl. 4 e294
[16]	Lai Y Y, Lan Y P, Lu T C 2013 Light Sci. Appl. 2 e76
[17]	DeLacy B G, Miller O D, Hsu C W, Zander Z, Lacey S, Yagloski R, Fountain A W, Valdes E, Anquillare E, Soljačić M, Johnson S G, Joannopoulos J D 2015 Nano Lett. 15 2588
[18]	Hao Y W, Wang H Y, Jiang Y, Chen Q D, Ueno K, Wang W Q, Misawa H, Sun H B 2011 Angew. Chem. 123 7970
[19]	Wang H, Wang H Y, Bozzola A, Toma A, Panaro S, Raja W, Alabastri A, Wang L, Chen Q D, Xu H L, De Angelis F, Sun H B, Zaccaria R P 2016 Adv. Funct. Mater. DOI:10.1002/adfm. 201601452
[20]	Wang H, Toma A, Wang H Y, Bozzola A, Miele E, Haddadpour A, Veronis G, De Angelis F, Wang L, Chen Q D, Xu H L, Sun H B, Zaccaria R P 2016 Nanoscale 8 13445
[21]	Väkeväinen A I, Moerland R J, Rekola H T, Eskelinen A P, Martikainen J P, Kim D H, Törmö P 2014 Nano Lett. 14 1721
[22]	Shi L, Hakala T K, Rekola H T, Martikainen J P, Moerland R J, Törmö P 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 153002
[23]	Gómez D E, Lo S S, Davis T J, Hartland G V 2013 J. Phys. Chem. B 117 4340
[24]	Gómez D E, Vernon K C, Mulvaney P, Davis T J 2010 Nano Lett. 10 274
[25]	Kéna-Cohen S, Maier S A, Bradley D D C 2013 Adv. Opt. Mater. 1 827
[26]	Schwartz T, Hutchison J A, Genet C, Ebbesen T W 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 196405
[27]	Hutchison J A, Schwartz T, Genet C, Devaux E, Ebbesen T W 2012 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 51 1592
[28]	Hutchison J A, Liscio A, Schwartz T, Canaguier-Durand A, Genet C, Palermo V, Samorì P, Ebbesen T W 2013 Adv. Mater. 25 2481
[29]	Orgiu E, George J, Hutchison J A, Devaux E, Dayen J F, Doudin B, Stellacci F, Genet C, Schachenmayer J, Genes C, Pupillo G, Samori P, Ebbesen T W 2015 Nat. Mater. 14 1123
[30]	Coles D M, Somaschi N, Michetti P, Clark C, Lagoudakis P G, Savvidis P G, Lidzey D G 2014 Nat. Mater. 13 712
[31]	Santhosh K, Bitton O, Chuntonov L, Haran G 2016 Nat. Commun. 7 11823
[32]	Wang L, Li Q, Wang H Y, Huang J C, Zhang R, Chen Q D, Xu H L, Han W, Shao Z Z, Sun H B 2015 Light Sci. Appl. 4 e245
[33]	Wang L, Zhu S J, Wang H Y, Qu S N, Zhang Y L, Zhang J H, Chen Q D, Xu H L, Han W, Yang B, Sun H B 2014 ACS Nano 8 2541
[34]	Wang H, Wang H Y, Gao B R, Wang L, Yang Z Y, Du X B, Chen Q D, Song J F, Sun H B 2011 Nanoscale 3 2280
[35]	Gao B R, Wang H Y, Hao Y W, Fu L M, Fang H H, Jiang Y, Wang L, Chen Q D, Xia H, Pan L Y, Ma Y G, Sun H B 2010 J. Phys. Chem. B 114 128
[36]	Vogel N, Zieleniecki J, Koper I 2012 Nanoscale 4 3820
[37]	Liu Y F, Feng J, Cui H F, Zhang Y F, Yin D, Bi Y G, Song J F, Chen Q D, Sun H B 2013 Nanoscale 5 10811
[38]	Dintinger J, Klein S, Bustos F, Barnes W L, Ebbesen T W 2005 Phys. Rev. B 71 035424
[39]	Cao L, Brongersma L M 2009 Nat. Photonics 3 12

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Vol. 65, Issue 23 - 2016-12-05

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