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Induced by the harmonically related two-color pulse, the fourth harmonic wave in the vacuum ultraviolet range has been observed in gases. The process of the fourth harmonic generation is studied. In the case of non-ionized gas, the intensity dependence on the pump pulse reveals that the fourth harmonic generation is a third-order parametric process of 2ω+ω+ω→4ω. In the case of ionized gas, the intensity of the fourth harmonic wave can be coherently controlled by the relative phase of the pump. Employing synchronous measurements of the fourth-order harmonic and terahertz emissions, the optimized relative phases of the two emissions have been studied and compared with each other experimentally. Results agree well with those of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). According to the reported optimized phase for the terahertz generation, the fourth harmonic generation involves two parametric processes: 2ω+2ω±ΩTHz→4ω and 2ω+ω+ω→4ω. The modulation of the fourth harmonic wave can be understood as the interference of the two channels.
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Keywords:
- vacuum ultraviolet /
- two-color field /
- fourth harmonic /
- terahertz
[1] Cook D J, Hochstrasser R M 2000 Opt. Lett. 25 1210
[2] Backus S, Peatross J, Zeek Z, Rundquist A, Taft 1996 Opt. Lett. 21 665
[3] Hodgson R T, Sorokim P P, Wynne J J 1974 Phys. Rev. Lett. 32 343
[4] Cormier E, Lewenstein M 2000 Eur. Phy. J. D 12 227
[5] Dai J, Karpowicz N, Zhang X C 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 023001
[6] Dorney T D, Baraniuk R G, Mittleman D M 2001 JOSA A 18 1562
[7] Zhang D W, Lu Z H, Meng C, Du X Y, Zhou Z Y, Zhao Z X, Yuan J M 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 243002
[8] Lu Z H, Zhang D W, Meng C, Du X Y, Zhou Z Y, Zhao Z X, Yuan J M 2012 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 46 155602
[9] Zhou X X, Li B W 2001 Acta Phys. Sinica 50 1902 (in Chinese) [周效信, 李白文 2001 50 1902]
[10] Zhu C J, Qin Y D, Yang H, Wang S F 2000 Chin. Phys. Lett. 18 57
[11] Xu H, Chu W, Liu Y, Liu W, Xiong H, Fu Y, Yao J, Zeng B, Ni J, Chin S L 2010 Appl. Phys. B: Lasers Opt. 104 909
[12] Liu Y, Liu W W 2011 Chin. J. Lasers 38 0502007 (in Chinese) [刘岩, 刘维维 2011 中国激光 38 0502007]
[13] Reintjes J F 1984 Nonlinear Optical Parametric Processes in Liquids and Gases (Academic Press, Orlando)
[14] Ganeev R A, Singhal H, Naik P A, Chakera J A, Kumar M, Gupta P D 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 043812
[15] Chudinov A N, Kapitzky Y E, Shulginov A A 1999 Opt. and Quan Electronics 23 1055
[16] Karpowicz N, Dai J, Lu X, et al 2008 App. Phys. Lett. 92 011131
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[1] Cook D J, Hochstrasser R M 2000 Opt. Lett. 25 1210
[2] Backus S, Peatross J, Zeek Z, Rundquist A, Taft 1996 Opt. Lett. 21 665
[3] Hodgson R T, Sorokim P P, Wynne J J 1974 Phys. Rev. Lett. 32 343
[4] Cormier E, Lewenstein M 2000 Eur. Phy. J. D 12 227
[5] Dai J, Karpowicz N, Zhang X C 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 023001
[6] Dorney T D, Baraniuk R G, Mittleman D M 2001 JOSA A 18 1562
[7] Zhang D W, Lu Z H, Meng C, Du X Y, Zhou Z Y, Zhao Z X, Yuan J M 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 243002
[8] Lu Z H, Zhang D W, Meng C, Du X Y, Zhou Z Y, Zhao Z X, Yuan J M 2012 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 46 155602
[9] Zhou X X, Li B W 2001 Acta Phys. Sinica 50 1902 (in Chinese) [周效信, 李白文 2001 50 1902]
[10] Zhu C J, Qin Y D, Yang H, Wang S F 2000 Chin. Phys. Lett. 18 57
[11] Xu H, Chu W, Liu Y, Liu W, Xiong H, Fu Y, Yao J, Zeng B, Ni J, Chin S L 2010 Appl. Phys. B: Lasers Opt. 104 909
[12] Liu Y, Liu W W 2011 Chin. J. Lasers 38 0502007 (in Chinese) [刘岩, 刘维维 2011 中国激光 38 0502007]
[13] Reintjes J F 1984 Nonlinear Optical Parametric Processes in Liquids and Gases (Academic Press, Orlando)
[14] Ganeev R A, Singhal H, Naik P A, Chakera J A, Kumar M, Gupta P D 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 043812
[15] Chudinov A N, Kapitzky Y E, Shulginov A A 1999 Opt. and Quan Electronics 23 1055
[16] Karpowicz N, Dai J, Lu X, et al 2008 App. Phys. Lett. 92 011131
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