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Since metallic nanowires can confine light in nanoscale beyond the diffraction limit, metallic nanowires play an important role in nanophotonic integrated circuits. In this paper, a silver nanowire waveguide with a cross is proposed and its surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) splitting properties of the cross at λ = 532 nm are studied by the finite element method. The nanowire has a square shape with its side length of a. Results show that the outputs for different input modes depend on the geometric parameters of the nanowires. For SPPs with TM0 mode, there are similar intensities in different waveguide directions with smaller side length. With the increase of a, the intensity in the original waveguide direction increases monotonically, and those in the perpendicular direction will decrease monotonically. For SPPs with HE1 mode and HE-1 mode, most of the energy propagate along the original waveguide direction for smaller a. With the increase of a, the intensity in the original waveguide direction decreases dramatically. For SPPs with HE1 mode, the cross blocks most of the energy in three directions for larger a. In addition to the splitting effect of it, the cross also performs a function of mode conversion. For the input SPPs with TM0 mode, the output of SPPs along the perpendicular waveguide direction can be converted to the HE-1 mode. For the input SPPs with HE1 mode, the output of SPPs along the perpendicular waveguide direction can be converted to the TM0 mode. Due to the superposition of electric fields of different SPPs modes in the perpendicular waveguide direction occur the steady-state and periodic electric field distributions.
[1] Raether H 1988 Surface Plasmons (Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag)
[2] Li X L, Zhang Z D, Wang H, Y, Xiong Z H, Zhang Z Y 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 047807 (in Chinese) [李雪莲, 张志东, 王红艳, 熊祖洪, 张中月 2011 60 047807]
[3] Lamprecht B, Krenn J R, Schider G, Ditlbacher H, Salerno M, Felidj N, Leitner A, Aussenegg F R, Weeber J C 2001 Appl. Phys. Lett. 79 51
[4] Zia R, Selker M D, Brongersma M L 2005 Phys. Rev. B 71 165431
[5] Degiron A, Cho S Y, Harrison C, Jokerst N M, Dellagiacoma C, Martin Olivier J F, Smith D R 2008 Phys. Rev. A 77 021804
[6] Breukelaar I, Charbonneau R, Berini P 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 05119
[7] Maier S A, Kik P G, Atwater H A 2003 Appl. Phys. Lett. 81 1714
[8] Bozhevolnyi S I, Volkov V S, Devaux E, Ebbesen T W 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 046802
[9] Pile D F P, Gramotnev D K 2004 Opt. Lett. 29 1069
[10] Maier S A, Friedman M D, Barclay P E, Painter O. 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 171486
[11] Fu Y L, Hu X Y, Lu C C, Yue S, Yang H, Gong Q H 2012 Nano Lett. 12 5784
[12] Economou C, Peeiffer C A, Ngai K L 1974 Phys. Rev. B 71 3038
[13] Prade B, Vinet J Y 1994 Journal of Lightwave Technology 12 6
[14] Schroter U, Dereux A 2001 Phys. Rev. B 64 125420
[15] Novotny L, Hafner C 1994 Phys. Rev. B 50 4094
[16] Yang P F, Gu Y, Gong Q H 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 3880
[17] Guo Y N, Xue W R, Zhang W M 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 4168 (in Chinese) [郭亚楠, 薛文瑞, 张文梅 2009 58 4168]
[18] Oulton R F, Sorger V J, Genov D A, Pile D F, Zhang X 2008 Nature Photonics 2 496
[19] Li X Y, Guo X, Wang D L, Tong L M 2014 Optics Communications. 323 119
[20] Krenn J R, Lamprecht B, Ditlbacher H, Schider G, Salerno M, Leitner A, Aussenegg F R 2002 Europhys Lett. 60 663
[21] Zou C L, Sun F W, Xiao Y F, Dong C H, Chen X D, J M Cui, Gong Q, Han Z F, Guo G C 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 97 183102
[22] Li Q, Qiu M 2013 Opt. Express 21 8587
[23] Sun S L, Chen HT, Zheng J W, Guo G Y 2013 Opt. Express 21 14591
[24] Wang W H, Yang Q, Fan F G, Xu H X, Wang Z L 2011 Nano Lett. 11 1603
[25] Li Z P, Bao K, Fang Y R, Huang Y Z, Nordlander P, Xu H X 2010 Nano Lett. 10 1831
[26] Zhang S P, Wei H, Bao K, Ha 発 anson U, Halas N J, Nordlander P, Xu H X 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 096801
[27] Johnson P B, Christy R W 1972 Phys. Rev. B 6 4370
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[1] Raether H 1988 Surface Plasmons (Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag)
[2] Li X L, Zhang Z D, Wang H, Y, Xiong Z H, Zhang Z Y 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 047807 (in Chinese) [李雪莲, 张志东, 王红艳, 熊祖洪, 张中月 2011 60 047807]
[3] Lamprecht B, Krenn J R, Schider G, Ditlbacher H, Salerno M, Felidj N, Leitner A, Aussenegg F R, Weeber J C 2001 Appl. Phys. Lett. 79 51
[4] Zia R, Selker M D, Brongersma M L 2005 Phys. Rev. B 71 165431
[5] Degiron A, Cho S Y, Harrison C, Jokerst N M, Dellagiacoma C, Martin Olivier J F, Smith D R 2008 Phys. Rev. A 77 021804
[6] Breukelaar I, Charbonneau R, Berini P 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 05119
[7] Maier S A, Kik P G, Atwater H A 2003 Appl. Phys. Lett. 81 1714
[8] Bozhevolnyi S I, Volkov V S, Devaux E, Ebbesen T W 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 046802
[9] Pile D F P, Gramotnev D K 2004 Opt. Lett. 29 1069
[10] Maier S A, Friedman M D, Barclay P E, Painter O. 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 171486
[11] Fu Y L, Hu X Y, Lu C C, Yue S, Yang H, Gong Q H 2012 Nano Lett. 12 5784
[12] Economou C, Peeiffer C A, Ngai K L 1974 Phys. Rev. B 71 3038
[13] Prade B, Vinet J Y 1994 Journal of Lightwave Technology 12 6
[14] Schroter U, Dereux A 2001 Phys. Rev. B 64 125420
[15] Novotny L, Hafner C 1994 Phys. Rev. B 50 4094
[16] Yang P F, Gu Y, Gong Q H 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 3880
[17] Guo Y N, Xue W R, Zhang W M 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 4168 (in Chinese) [郭亚楠, 薛文瑞, 张文梅 2009 58 4168]
[18] Oulton R F, Sorger V J, Genov D A, Pile D F, Zhang X 2008 Nature Photonics 2 496
[19] Li X Y, Guo X, Wang D L, Tong L M 2014 Optics Communications. 323 119
[20] Krenn J R, Lamprecht B, Ditlbacher H, Schider G, Salerno M, Leitner A, Aussenegg F R 2002 Europhys Lett. 60 663
[21] Zou C L, Sun F W, Xiao Y F, Dong C H, Chen X D, J M Cui, Gong Q, Han Z F, Guo G C 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 97 183102
[22] Li Q, Qiu M 2013 Opt. Express 21 8587
[23] Sun S L, Chen HT, Zheng J W, Guo G Y 2013 Opt. Express 21 14591
[24] Wang W H, Yang Q, Fan F G, Xu H X, Wang Z L 2011 Nano Lett. 11 1603
[25] Li Z P, Bao K, Fang Y R, Huang Y Z, Nordlander P, Xu H X 2010 Nano Lett. 10 1831
[26] Zhang S P, Wei H, Bao K, Ha 発 anson U, Halas N J, Nordlander P, Xu H X 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 096801
[27] Johnson P B, Christy R W 1972 Phys. Rev. B 6 4370
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