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We have fabricated c-axis-oriented Sr2CoO4-δ thin films under relatively low oxygen pressure by the pulsed laser deposition method (PLD) on LaAlO3 substrates. X-ray diffraction and high-pressure reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) demonstrate that the films were well deposited. There exist two different characteristic temperatures, Tf and Ta, in the ZFC curve of temperature dependence of magnetization. Tf may correspond to the freezing temperature while Ta may be related with the anisotropic field of c-axis. Further investigations including magnetic relaxation, memory effect and hysteresis behaviour measurements suggest a main phase of spin glass, which starts the frozen-in process even above the freezing temperature. We ascribe the spin glass behaviour to the competition betwcen double-exchange and super-exchange interactions which could have originated from the coexistence of Co4+ and Co3+ caused by oxygen deficiency in the films.
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Keywords:
- spin glass /
- super-exchange /
- double-exchange /
- PLD
[1] Ruddlesden S N, Popper P 1958 Acta Crystallogr. 11 54
[2] Freitas R S, Ghivelder L, Damay F, Dias F Cohen L F 2001 Phys. Rev. B 64 144404
[3] De Teresa J M, Ibarra M R, García J, Blasco J, Ritter C, Algarabel P A, Marquina C del Moral A 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 3392
[4] Levy P, Parisi F, Granja L, Indelicato E, Polla G 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 137001
[5] Shu M M, Cao S X, Gao T, Yuan S J, Kang B J, Yu L M, Zhang J C 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3309 (in Chinese)[舒苗苗、曹世勋、高 湉、袁淑娟、康保娟、郁黎明、张金仓2009 58 3309]
[6] Wang Z H, Cai J W, Shen B G, Zhao J G, Zhan W S 1999 Acta Phys. Sin. 48 757 (in Chinese)[王志宏、蔡建旺、沈保根、赵见高、詹文山1999 48 757]
[7] Rivadulla F, López-Quintela M A, Rivas J 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 167206
[8] Mira J, Rivas J, Jonason K, Nordblad P, Breijo M P, Searís Rodríguez M A 1999 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 196-197 487
[9] Nam D N H, Mathieu R, Nordblad P, Khiem N V, Phuc N X 2000 Phys. Rev. B 62 8989
[10] Itoh M, Natori I, Kubota S, Motoya K 1994 J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 63 1486
[11] Tang Y K, Sun Y, Cheng Z H 2006 Phys. Rev. B 73 012409
[12] Shimada Y, Miyasaka S, Kumai R, Tokura Y 2006 Phys. Rev. B 73 134424
[13] Huang S L, Ruan K Q, Lv Z, Zhuang L H, Wei P, Wu H Y, Li M, Zhang J L, Chai Y S, Yang H S, Cao L Z, Li X G 2006 Phys. Rev. B 73 094431
[14] Griffiths R B 1969 Phys. Rev. Lett. 23 17
[15] Bray A J 1987 Phys. Rev. Lett. 59 586
[16] Wang X L, Takayama-Muromachi E 2005 Phys. Rev. B 72 064401
[17] Wang X L, Sakurai H, Takayama-Muromachi E 2005 49th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials Jacksonville, Florida, November, 2004 p10M519
[18] Matsuno J, Okimoto Y, Fang Z, Yu X Z, Matsui Y, Nagaosa N, Kumigashira H, Oshima M, Kawasaki M, Tokura Y 2005 Thin Solid Films 486 113
[19] Matsuno J, Okimoto Y, Fang Z, Yu X Z, Matsui Y, Nagaosa N, Kawasaki M, Tokura Y 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 167202
[20] Ford P J, Mydosh J A 1976 Phys. Rev. B 14 2057
[21] Wenger L E, Keesom P H 1976 Phys. Rev. B 13 4053
[22] Meschede D, Steglich F, Felsch W, Maletta H, Zinn W 1980 Phys. Rev. Lett 44 102
[23] Brodale G E, Fisher R A, Fogle W E, Phillips N E, van Curen J 1983 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 31-34 1331
[24] Lundgren L, Svedlindh P, Nordblad P, Beckman O 1983 Phys. Rev. Lett. 51 911
[25] Granberg P, Sandlund L, Nordblad P, Svedlindh P, Lundgren L 1988 Phys. Rev. B 38 7097
[26] Fisher D S, Huse D A 1988 Phys. Rev. B 38 373
[27] Fisher D S, Huse D A 1988 Phys. Rev. B 38 386
[28] Sasaki M, Jonsson P E, Takayama H, Nordblad P 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett 93 139701
[29] Nam D N H, Jonason K, Nordblad P, Khiem N V, Phuc N X 1999 Phys. Rev. B 59 4189
[30] Tang Y K, Sun Y, Cheng Z H 2008 J. Phys.-Condes. Matter 20 095208
[31] Ulrich M, García-Otero J, Rivas J, Bunde A 2003 Phys. Rev. B 67 024416
[32] Chen X, Kleemann W, Petracic O, Sichelschmidt O, Cardoso S, Freitas P P 2003 Phys. Rev. B 68 054433
[33] Mukherjee S, Ranganathan R, Anilkumar P S, Joy P A 1996 Phys. Rev. B 54 9267
[34] Tang Y K, Sun Y, Cheng Z H 2006 Phys. Rev. B 73 174419
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[1] Ruddlesden S N, Popper P 1958 Acta Crystallogr. 11 54
[2] Freitas R S, Ghivelder L, Damay F, Dias F Cohen L F 2001 Phys. Rev. B 64 144404
[3] De Teresa J M, Ibarra M R, García J, Blasco J, Ritter C, Algarabel P A, Marquina C del Moral A 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 3392
[4] Levy P, Parisi F, Granja L, Indelicato E, Polla G 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 137001
[5] Shu M M, Cao S X, Gao T, Yuan S J, Kang B J, Yu L M, Zhang J C 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3309 (in Chinese)[舒苗苗、曹世勋、高 湉、袁淑娟、康保娟、郁黎明、张金仓2009 58 3309]
[6] Wang Z H, Cai J W, Shen B G, Zhao J G, Zhan W S 1999 Acta Phys. Sin. 48 757 (in Chinese)[王志宏、蔡建旺、沈保根、赵见高、詹文山1999 48 757]
[7] Rivadulla F, López-Quintela M A, Rivas J 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 167206
[8] Mira J, Rivas J, Jonason K, Nordblad P, Breijo M P, Searís Rodríguez M A 1999 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 196-197 487
[9] Nam D N H, Mathieu R, Nordblad P, Khiem N V, Phuc N X 2000 Phys. Rev. B 62 8989
[10] Itoh M, Natori I, Kubota S, Motoya K 1994 J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 63 1486
[11] Tang Y K, Sun Y, Cheng Z H 2006 Phys. Rev. B 73 012409
[12] Shimada Y, Miyasaka S, Kumai R, Tokura Y 2006 Phys. Rev. B 73 134424
[13] Huang S L, Ruan K Q, Lv Z, Zhuang L H, Wei P, Wu H Y, Li M, Zhang J L, Chai Y S, Yang H S, Cao L Z, Li X G 2006 Phys. Rev. B 73 094431
[14] Griffiths R B 1969 Phys. Rev. Lett. 23 17
[15] Bray A J 1987 Phys. Rev. Lett. 59 586
[16] Wang X L, Takayama-Muromachi E 2005 Phys. Rev. B 72 064401
[17] Wang X L, Sakurai H, Takayama-Muromachi E 2005 49th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials Jacksonville, Florida, November, 2004 p10M519
[18] Matsuno J, Okimoto Y, Fang Z, Yu X Z, Matsui Y, Nagaosa N, Kumigashira H, Oshima M, Kawasaki M, Tokura Y 2005 Thin Solid Films 486 113
[19] Matsuno J, Okimoto Y, Fang Z, Yu X Z, Matsui Y, Nagaosa N, Kawasaki M, Tokura Y 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 167202
[20] Ford P J, Mydosh J A 1976 Phys. Rev. B 14 2057
[21] Wenger L E, Keesom P H 1976 Phys. Rev. B 13 4053
[22] Meschede D, Steglich F, Felsch W, Maletta H, Zinn W 1980 Phys. Rev. Lett 44 102
[23] Brodale G E, Fisher R A, Fogle W E, Phillips N E, van Curen J 1983 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 31-34 1331
[24] Lundgren L, Svedlindh P, Nordblad P, Beckman O 1983 Phys. Rev. Lett. 51 911
[25] Granberg P, Sandlund L, Nordblad P, Svedlindh P, Lundgren L 1988 Phys. Rev. B 38 7097
[26] Fisher D S, Huse D A 1988 Phys. Rev. B 38 373
[27] Fisher D S, Huse D A 1988 Phys. Rev. B 38 386
[28] Sasaki M, Jonsson P E, Takayama H, Nordblad P 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett 93 139701
[29] Nam D N H, Jonason K, Nordblad P, Khiem N V, Phuc N X 1999 Phys. Rev. B 59 4189
[30] Tang Y K, Sun Y, Cheng Z H 2008 J. Phys.-Condes. Matter 20 095208
[31] Ulrich M, García-Otero J, Rivas J, Bunde A 2003 Phys. Rev. B 67 024416
[32] Chen X, Kleemann W, Petracic O, Sichelschmidt O, Cardoso S, Freitas P P 2003 Phys. Rev. B 68 054433
[33] Mukherjee S, Ranganathan R, Anilkumar P S, Joy P A 1996 Phys. Rev. B 54 9267
[34] Tang Y K, Sun Y, Cheng Z H 2006 Phys. Rev. B 73 174419
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