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1.3-μm Nd laser has significant practical applications in various fields, such as fiber communication, medical treatment, frequency conversion, and scientific research. Many applications of a 1.3-μm laser, particularly frequency conversion, benefit greatly from a short pulse width with high peak power. In the paper, an electro-optical cavity dumping Nd:YVO4 laser at 1342 nm wavelength is studied theoretically and experimentally. The pulse width for an electro-optical cavity dumping laser is determined by the optical length of the cavity. A narrower pulse width is obtained by reducing the length of the cavity and the round trip time of the laser in the cavity. However, when the round trip time in the cavity approaches to the falling edge time of the electro-optical switch, shortening the length of the cavity will not obtain a narrower pulse width, and the falling edge time of the electro-optical switch will influence the laser pulse width. The temporal characteristics of the laser pulse are simulated when the falling edge time of the electro-optical switch is close to the round trip time in the cavity. The influence of the falling edge time of the electro-optical switch on the laser pulse duration is analyzed theoretically. The modified rate equation is used to study the relationship between the falling edge time and the laser pulse width. We demonstrate an electro-optical cavity dumping Nd:YVO4 laser. The atom percent of 0.3% Nd:YVO4 placed in a short Plano-concave cavity is in-band pumped by an 880 nm quasi-continuous-wave diode. A fiber-coupled diode laser module (NA = 0.22) with a power of 30 W is used. An LiNbO3 electro-optical switch is employed for the cavity-dumping. The 1342-nm cavity-dumping laser operates at a repetition rate of 1 kHz, single-pulse energy of 0.21 mJ, and pulse width of 2.8 ns. Near-diffraction-limited beam quality with an $ M^2 $ value of < l.2 is achieved. The setup uses MgO:PPLN crystal to generate efficient second harmonic at 671 nm, with a pulse width of 1.8 ns. To the best of our knowledge, this is the shortest pulse duration ever obtained from 1.3 μm actively Q-switched Nd-doped laser.[1] Xu B, Wang Y, Lin Z, Cui S, Cheng Y, Xu H Y, Cai Z P 2016 App. Opt. 55 42
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[2] Wan Q, Du C L, Ruan S C 2007 Opt. Express 15 1594
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[3] Dai S B, Zhao H, Tu Z H, Zhu S Q, Yin H, Li Z, Chen Z Q 2020 Opt. Express 28 36046
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[4] Zhao H, Tu Z H, Dai S B, Zhu S Q, Yin H, Li Z, Chen Z Q 2020 Opt. Lett. 45 6715
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[5] Jiang C, Zhong M L, Dai S B, Zhou H Q, Zhu S Q, Yin H, Li Z, Chen Z Q 2022 Opt. Express 30 16396
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[6] Sauder D, Minassian A, Damzen M J 2007 Opt. Express 15 3230
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[7] Tu Z H, Dai S B, Zhu S Q, Yin H, Li Z, Ji E C, Chen Z Q 2019 Opt. Express 27 32949
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[8] Liu K, Chen Y, Li F Q, Xu H Y, Zong N, Yuan H T, Yuan L, Bo Y, Peng Q J, Cui D F, Xu Z Y 2015 App. Opt. 54 717
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[9] Lu C Q, Gong M L, Huang L, He F H 2007 Appl. Phys. B 89 285
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[10] Saha A, Ray A, Mukhopadhyay, Datta P K, Dutta P K, Saltiel S M 2007 Appl. Phys. B 87 431
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[11] Zhao Y G, Wang Z P, Yu H H, Guo L, Chen L J, Zhuang S D, Sun X, Hu D W, Xu X G 2011 Chin. Opt. Lett. 9 081401
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[12] Liu S D, Dong L L, Zhang B T, He J L, Wang Z W, Ning J, Wang R H, Liu X M 2014 Chin. Opt. Lett. 12 031402
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[13] Botha R C, Koen W, Esser M J D, Bollig C, Combrinck W L, von Bergmann H M, Strauss H J 2015 Opt. Lett. 40 495
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[14] Ma Y F, Li X D, Yu X, Yan R P, Fan R W, Peng J B, Xu X R, Bai Y C, Sun R 2014 App. Opt. 53 3081
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[15] Kornev A F, Pokrovskiy V P, Gagarskiy S V, Fomicheva Y Y, Gnatyuk P A, A S Kovyarov 2018 Opt. Lett. 43 3457
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图 1 (a) 偏振片反射率随时间的变化; (b) 腔内光子数密度随时间的变化; (c) 输出激光的归一化瞬时强度
Figure 1. (a) Polarizer reflection versa time; (b) photon number density versa time; (c) normalized instantaneous intensity of output laser.
图 2 不同电光开关下降沿时间下的输出激光波形 (a) 1 ns; (b) 3 ns; (c) 5 ns; (d) 8 ns
Figure 2. Pulse shape for different fall times: (a) 1 ns; (b) 3 ns; (c) 5 ns; (d) 8 ns.
图 3 1.3 µm, Nd:YVO4电光腔倒空激光器实验装置
Figure 3. Experimental scheme for a 1.3 µm Nd:YVO4 electro-optical cavity dumping laser.
图 4 1 kHz重频下, 单脉冲能量和电光导通时间随泵浦能量的变化
Figure 4. The pulse energy and switching time versus pump energy for 1 kHz pulse repetition rate.
图 5 (a) 1342 nm基频光时域波形; (b) 671 nm倍频光时域波形
Figure 5. (a) Temporal pulse shape of 1342 nm laser; (b) temporal pulse shape of 671 nm laser.
图 6 (a) 1342 nm基频光的光束质量; (b) 671 nm倍频光的光束质量与光斑分布
Figure 6. (a) The beam quality of 1342 nm laser; (b) the beam quality and spot distribution of 671 nm laser.
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[1] Xu B, Wang Y, Lin Z, Cui S, Cheng Y, Xu H Y, Cai Z P 2016 App. Opt. 55 42
Google Scholar
[2] Wan Q, Du C L, Ruan S C 2007 Opt. Express 15 1594
Google Scholar
[3] Dai S B, Zhao H, Tu Z H, Zhu S Q, Yin H, Li Z, Chen Z Q 2020 Opt. Express 28 36046
Google Scholar
[4] Zhao H, Tu Z H, Dai S B, Zhu S Q, Yin H, Li Z, Chen Z Q 2020 Opt. Lett. 45 6715
Google Scholar
[5] Jiang C, Zhong M L, Dai S B, Zhou H Q, Zhu S Q, Yin H, Li Z, Chen Z Q 2022 Opt. Express 30 16396
Google Scholar
[6] Sauder D, Minassian A, Damzen M J 2007 Opt. Express 15 3230
Google Scholar
[7] Tu Z H, Dai S B, Zhu S Q, Yin H, Li Z, Ji E C, Chen Z Q 2019 Opt. Express 27 32949
Google Scholar
[8] Liu K, Chen Y, Li F Q, Xu H Y, Zong N, Yuan H T, Yuan L, Bo Y, Peng Q J, Cui D F, Xu Z Y 2015 App. Opt. 54 717
Google Scholar
[9] Lu C Q, Gong M L, Huang L, He F H 2007 Appl. Phys. B 89 285
Google Scholar
[10] Saha A, Ray A, Mukhopadhyay, Datta P K, Dutta P K, Saltiel S M 2007 Appl. Phys. B 87 431
Google Scholar
[11] Zhao Y G, Wang Z P, Yu H H, Guo L, Chen L J, Zhuang S D, Sun X, Hu D W, Xu X G 2011 Chin. Opt. Lett. 9 081401
Google Scholar
[12] Liu S D, Dong L L, Zhang B T, He J L, Wang Z W, Ning J, Wang R H, Liu X M 2014 Chin. Opt. Lett. 12 031402
Google Scholar
[13] Botha R C, Koen W, Esser M J D, Bollig C, Combrinck W L, von Bergmann H M, Strauss H J 2015 Opt. Lett. 40 495
Google Scholar
[14] Ma Y F, Li X D, Yu X, Yan R P, Fan R W, Peng J B, Xu X R, Bai Y C, Sun R 2014 App. Opt. 53 3081
Google Scholar
[15] Kornev A F, Pokrovskiy V P, Gagarskiy S V, Fomicheva Y Y, Gnatyuk P A, A S Kovyarov 2018 Opt. Lett. 43 3457
Google Scholar
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