Birefringence effect of high reflectivity cavity mirrors and its influence on cavity enhanced spectroscopy

Liu Jian-Xin; Zhao Gang; Zhou Yue-Ting; Zhou Xiao-Bin; Ma Wei-Guang

doi:10.7498/aps.71.20212090

Abstract

In laser absorption spectroscopy, in order to improve gas detection sensitivity, optical cavity with high finesse is used to prolong the interaction path between the laser and the absorber. However, the birefringence of high reflectivity cavity mirrors generates two polarization eigenstates, and owing to the different phase shifts along the two directions, the cavity mode will be split. In this work, we first measure the cavity enhanced signal under birefringence and observe the mode split. And a model to mimic cavity enhanced spectroscopy under birefringent effect is presented, which can accurately fit the different polarization ratios at transmission. Finally, we propose a cavity ring-down signal model considering different coupling efficiencies of the two polarization directions of the cavity. Comparing with the conventional exponential model, the standard deviation of residual maximum suppression is as high as 9 times. And this analysis is helpful in improving the signal-to-noise ratio and uncertainty of cavity ring-down signal and increasing the accuracy of concentration inversion.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
2.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China

Corresponding author: Zhao Gang, gangzhao@sxu.edu.cn ; Ma Wei-Guang, mwg@sxu.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Key R & D Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFA0304203), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61875107, 61905136, 61905134, 62175139), and the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Colleges and Universities in Shanxi Province, China (Grant No. 2019L0062).

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References

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Cited By

图 1 实验装置

Figure 1. Experimental setup.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 测量的透射腔模信号

Figure 2. Measured cavity transmission signal.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 双折射导致的频率间隔与腔内气压的函数关系

Figure 3. The frequency splitting of birefringence as a function of intracavity pressure.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 4 拟合不同偏振分量的透射腔模

Figure 4. Fitting transmission cavity modes with different polarization components.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 5 实际测量的腔衰荡信号(黑点)和单e指数拟合结果(a)及拟合残差(c)和NEM模型拟合结果(b)及拟合残差(d)

Figure 5. The measured cavity ring-down signal (black spot) and the single-exponential fitting result (a); the residual of the single-exponential fitting result (c); NEM fitting result (b) and the residual(d), respectively.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 6 两种模型拟合不同偏振角度下的腔衰荡

Figure 6. Ftting the cavity ring-down time by two models at different polarization angles.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

map

[1]	Strekalov D V, Thompson R J, Baumgartel L M, Grudinin I S, Yu N 2011 Opt. Express 19 14495 Google Scholar
[2]	Kessler T, Hagemann C, Grebing C, Legero T, Sterr U, Riehle F, Martin M J, Chen L, Ye J 2012 Nature. Photon. 6 687 Google Scholar
[3]	Jordan B C, William K, Martin M F, Eric G 2001 Appl. Opt. 40 3753 Google Scholar
[4]	Ishibashi C, Sasada H 1999 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 38 920 Google Scholar
[5]	Robert C 2007 Appl. Opt. 46 5408 Google Scholar
[6]	Herriott D, Kogelnik H, Kompfner R 1964 Appl. Opt. 3 523 Google Scholar
[7]	Liu J, Zhou Y, Guo S, Hou J, Zhao G, Ma W, Wu Y, Dong L, Zhang L, Yin W, Xiao L, Axner O, Jia S 2019 Opt Express. 27 1249 Google Scholar
[8]	Livio G, Richard F W, Leo H 1999 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16 2247 Google Scholar
[9]	赵卫雄, 高晓明, 张为俊, 黄腾 2006 光学学报 26 1260 Google Scholar Zhao W X, Gao X M, Zhang W J, Huang T 2006 Acta Opt. Sin. 26 1260 Google Scholar
[10]	董美丽, 赵卫雄, 程跃, 胡长进, 顾学军, 张为俊 2012 61 060702 Google Scholar Dong M L, Zhao W X, Cheng Y, Hu C J, Gu X J, Zhang W J 2012 Acta. Phys. Sin. 61 060702 Google Scholar
[11]	Zalicki P, Zare R N 1995 J. Chem. Phys. 102 2708 Google Scholar
[12]	Zhao G, Bailey D M, Fleisher A J, Hodges J T, Lehmann K K 2020 Phys. Rev. A 101 062509 Google Scholar
[13]	胡纯栋, 焉镜洋, 王艳, 梁立振 2018 光谱学与光谱分析 38 346 Hu C D, Y J Y, W Y, Liang L Z 2018 Spectrosc. Spect. Anal. 38 346
[14]	Li Z X, Ma W G, Fu X F, Tan W, Zhao G, Dong L, Zhang L, Yin W B, Jia S T 2013 Appl. Phys. Express 6 072402 Google Scholar
[15]	Ye J, Ma L S, Hall J 1996 Opt. Lett. 21 1000 Google Scholar
[16]	Zhao G, Hausmaninger T, Ma W, Axner O 2018 Opt. Lett. 43 715 Google Scholar
[17]	肖石磊, 李斌成 2020 光电工程 47 190068 Xiao S L, Li B C 2020 Opto-Electronic Engineering 47 190068
[18]	Winkler G, Perner L W, Truong G W, Zhao G, Bachmann D, Mayer A S, Fellinger J, Follman D, Heu P, Deutsch C, Bailey D M, Peelaers H, Puchegger S, Fleisher A J, Cole G D, Heckl O H 2021 Optica 8 686 Google Scholar
[19]	Xiao S, Li B, Wang J 2020 Appl. Opt. 59 A99 Google Scholar
[20]	付小芳, 赵刚, 马维光, 谭巍, 李志新, 董磊, 张雷, 尹王保, 贾锁堂 2014 光谱学与光谱分析 34 1456 Google Scholar Fu X F, Zhao G, Ma W G, Tan W, Li Z X, Dong L, Zhang L, Yin W B, Jia S T 2014 Spectrosc. Spect. Anal. 34 1456 Google Scholar
[21]	Huang H F, Lehmann K K 2008 Appl. Opt. 47 3817 Google Scholar
[22]	Fleisher A J, Long D A, Liu Q N, Hodges J T 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 013833 Google Scholar

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Vol. 71, Issue 8 - 2022-04-20

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