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In laser absorption spectroscopy, in order to improve gas detection sensitivity, optical cavity with high finesse is used to prolong the interaction path between the laser and the absorber. However, the birefringence of high reflectivity cavity mirrors generates two polarization eigenstates, and owing to the different phase shifts along the two directions, the cavity mode will be split. In this work, we first measure the cavity enhanced signal under birefringence and observe the mode split. And a model to mimic cavity enhanced spectroscopy under birefringent effect is presented, which can accurately fit the different polarization ratios at transmission. Finally, we propose a cavity ring-down signal model considering different coupling efficiencies of the two polarization directions of the cavity. Comparing with the conventional exponential model, the standard deviation of residual maximum suppression is as high as 9 times. And this analysis is helpful in improving the signal-to-noise ratio and uncertainty of cavity ring-down signal and increasing the accuracy of concentration inversion.
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Keywords:
- Fabry–Pérot cavity /
- birefringence /
- cavity ring-down spectroscopy
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
[4] Ishibashi C, Sasada H 1999 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 38 920
Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
Dong M L, Zhao W X, Cheng Y, Hu C J, Gu X J, Zhang W J 2012 Acta. Phys. Sin. 61 060702
Google Scholar
[11] Zalicki P, Zare R N 1995 J. Chem. Phys. 102 2708
Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
[13] 胡纯栋, 焉镜洋, 王 艳, 梁立振 2018 光谱学与光谱分析 38 346
Hu C D, Y J Y, W Y, Liang L Z 2018 Spectrosc. Spect. Anal. 38 346
[14] Li Z X, Ma W G, Fu X F, Tan W, Zhao G, Dong L, Zhang L, Yin W B, Jia S T 2013 Appl. Phys. Express 6 072402
Google Scholar
[15] Ye J, Ma L S, Hall J 1996 Opt. Lett. 21 1000
Google Scholar
[16] Zhao G, Hausmaninger T, Ma W, Axner O 2018 Opt. Lett. 43 715
Google Scholar
[17] 肖石磊, 李斌成 2020 光电工程 47 190068
Xiao S L, Li B C 2020 Opto-Electronic Engineering 47 190068
[18] Winkler G, Perner L W, Truong G W, Zhao G, Bachmann D, Mayer A S, Fellinger J, Follman D, Heu P, Deutsch C, Bailey D M, Peelaers H, Puchegger S, Fleisher A J, Cole G D, Heckl O H 2021 Optica 8 686
Google Scholar
[19] Xiao S, Li B, Wang J 2020 Appl. Opt. 59 A99
Google Scholar
[20] 付小芳, 赵 刚, 马维光, 谭巍, 李志新, 董 磊, 张雷, 尹王保, 贾锁堂 2014 光谱学与光谱分析 34 1456
Google Scholar
Fu X F, Zhao G, Ma W G, Tan W, Li Z X, Dong L, Zhang L, Yin W B, Jia S T 2014 Spectrosc. Spect. Anal. 34 1456
Google Scholar
[21] Huang H F, Lehmann K K 2008 Appl. Opt. 47 3817
Google Scholar
[22] Fleisher A J, Long D A, Liu Q N, Hodges J T 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 013833
Google Scholar
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图 1 实验装置
Figure 1. Experimental setup.
图 2 测量的透射腔模信号
Figure 2. Measured cavity transmission signal.
图 3 双折射导致的频率间隔与腔内气压的函数关系
Figure 3. The frequency splitting of birefringence as a function of intracavity pressure.
图 4 拟合不同偏振分量的透射腔模
Figure 4. Fitting transmission cavity modes with different polarization components.
图 5 实际测量的腔衰荡信号(黑点)和单e指数拟合结果(a)及拟合残差(c)和NEM模型拟合结果(b)及拟合残差(d)
Figure 5. The measured cavity ring-down signal (black spot) and the single-exponential fitting result (a); the residual of the single-exponential fitting result (c); NEM fitting result (b) and the residual(d), respectively.
图 6 两种模型拟合不同偏振角度下的腔衰荡
Figure 6. Ftting the cavity ring-down time by two models at different polarization angles.
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[1] Strekalov D V, Thompson R J, Baumgartel L M, Grudinin I S, Yu N 2011 Opt. Express 19 14495
Google Scholar
[2] Kessler T, Hagemann C, Grebing C, Legero T, Sterr U, Riehle F, Martin M J, Chen L, Ye J 2012 Nature. Photon. 6 687
Google Scholar
[3] Jordan B C, William K, Martin M F, Eric G 2001 Appl. Opt. 40 3753
Google Scholar
[4] Ishibashi C, Sasada H 1999 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 38 920
Google Scholar
[5] Robert C 2007 Appl. Opt. 46 5408
Google Scholar
[6] Herriott D, Kogelnik H, Kompfner R 1964 Appl. Opt. 3 523
Google Scholar
[7] Liu J, Zhou Y, Guo S, Hou J, Zhao G, Ma W, Wu Y, Dong L, Zhang L, Yin W, Xiao L, Axner O, Jia S 2019 Opt Express. 27 1249
Google Scholar
[8] Livio G, Richard F W, Leo H 1999 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16 2247
Google Scholar
[9] 赵卫雄, 高晓明, 张为俊, 黄 腾 2006 光学学报 26 1260
Google Scholar
Zhao W X, Gao X M, Zhang W J, Huang T 2006 Acta Opt. Sin. 26 1260
Google Scholar
[10] 董美丽, 赵卫雄, 程跃, 胡长进, 顾学军, 张为俊 2012 61 060702
Google Scholar
Dong M L, Zhao W X, Cheng Y, Hu C J, Gu X J, Zhang W J 2012 Acta. Phys. Sin. 61 060702
Google Scholar
[11] Zalicki P, Zare R N 1995 J. Chem. Phys. 102 2708
Google Scholar
[12] Zhao G, Bailey D M, Fleisher A J, Hodges J T, Lehmann K K 2020 Phys. Rev. A 101 062509
Google Scholar
[13] 胡纯栋, 焉镜洋, 王 艳, 梁立振 2018 光谱学与光谱分析 38 346
Hu C D, Y J Y, W Y, Liang L Z 2018 Spectrosc. Spect. Anal. 38 346
[14] Li Z X, Ma W G, Fu X F, Tan W, Zhao G, Dong L, Zhang L, Yin W B, Jia S T 2013 Appl. Phys. Express 6 072402
Google Scholar
[15] Ye J, Ma L S, Hall J 1996 Opt. Lett. 21 1000
Google Scholar
[16] Zhao G, Hausmaninger T, Ma W, Axner O 2018 Opt. Lett. 43 715
Google Scholar
[17] 肖石磊, 李斌成 2020 光电工程 47 190068
Xiao S L, Li B C 2020 Opto-Electronic Engineering 47 190068
[18] Winkler G, Perner L W, Truong G W, Zhao G, Bachmann D, Mayer A S, Fellinger J, Follman D, Heu P, Deutsch C, Bailey D M, Peelaers H, Puchegger S, Fleisher A J, Cole G D, Heckl O H 2021 Optica 8 686
Google Scholar
[19] Xiao S, Li B, Wang J 2020 Appl. Opt. 59 A99
Google Scholar
[20] 付小芳, 赵 刚, 马维光, 谭巍, 李志新, 董 磊, 张雷, 尹王保, 贾锁堂 2014 光谱学与光谱分析 34 1456
Google Scholar
Fu X F, Zhao G, Ma W G, Tan W, Li Z X, Dong L, Zhang L, Yin W B, Jia S T 2014 Spectrosc. Spect. Anal. 34 1456
Google Scholar
[21] Huang H F, Lehmann K K 2008 Appl. Opt. 47 3817
Google Scholar
[22] Fleisher A J, Long D A, Liu Q N, Hodges J T 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 013833
Google Scholar
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