Recent progress of frame nucleic acids studies towards atomic fabrications

Yang Bei; Li Qian; Liu Hua-Jie; Fan Chun-Hai

doi:10.7498/aps.70.20201437

Abstract

In recent years, the technology of traditional integrated circuit fabrication is facing a huge challenge. As the top-down lithography gradually approaches to its size limit, the development of atomic-scale precise fabrication for functional devices has already become a major scientific issue at present and might become a breakthrough in the development of information technology in the future. With the reference of the bottom-up self-assembly, which is the basic principle of constructing various advanced structures in living systems, the integrated assembly of atoms can be gradually constructed through a series of operations such as capturing, positioning, and moving atoms. The advent of framework nucleic acids (FNAs) happens to provide a new platform for manipulating single atom or integrating multiple atoms. As is well known, the nucleic acids are not only the carriers of genetic information, but also biological building blocks for constructing novel microscopic and macroscopic materials. The FNAs represent a new type of framework with special properties and features, constructed by nucleic acids’ bottom-up self-assembly. With the improvement of chemical synthesis and modification method of nucleic acids, various molecules and materials, such as fluorophores, nanoparticles, proteins, and lipids, can be spatially organized on FNAs with atomic precision, and these functionalized FNAs have been widely explored in the fields of biosensing, biocomputing, nano-imaging, information storage, nanodevices, etc. Based on the features of precise addressability, superior programmability and tailorable functionality, FNAs can be used for implementing the artificial self-assembly of objects with atomic precision to realize the precise arrangement in spatial and functional integration of basic assembly units, and even prompt the development of device fabrication from atomic scale to macroscopic scale. This review focuses on the intersection of FNAs and atomic fabrication, giving a systematically description of the feasibility and advantages of precisely atomic fabrication with FNAs from three aspects. First, the DNA/RNA nanoarchitectures from static state to dynamic state and general strategies for programmable functionalization of FNAs are briefly introduced. Then the applications of FNAs in device fabrication are highlighted, including single molecule reactors, single molecule sensors, nanodevices for cargo loading and transporting, nanophotonics, nanoelectronics and information processing devices. Finally, an outlook of the future development of atomic fabrication with FNAs is given as well.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
2.
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

Corresponding author: Liu Hua-Jie, liuhuajie@tongji.edu.cn ; Fan Chun-Hai, fanchunhai@sjtu.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2016YFA0400900, 2016YFA0201200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 21722310, 21834007, 21873071, 91953106), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China

FullText HTML : translate this paragraph

References

[1]	Chang C Z, Zhang J, Feng X, et al. 2013 Science 340 167 Google Scholar
[2]	Yu R, Zhang W, Zhang H J, Zhang S C, Dai X, Fang Z 2010 Science 329 61 Google Scholar
[3]	Li Y 2018 Phys. Rev. A 98 012336 Google Scholar
[4]	Fei H, Dong J, Arellano-Jiménez M J, Ye G, Dong Kim N, Samuel E L G, Peng Z, Zhu Z, Qin F, Bao J, Yacaman M J, Ajayan P M, Chen D, Tour J M 2015 Nat. Commun. 6 8668 Google Scholar
[5]	Qiao B, Wang A, Yang X, Allard L F, Jiang Z, Cui Y, Liu J, Li J, Zhang T 2011 Nat. Chem. 3 634 Google Scholar
[6]	Eigler D M, Schweizer E K 1990 Nature 344 524 Google Scholar
[7]	Crommie M F, Lutz C P, Eigler D M 1993 Science 262 218 Google Scholar
[8]	Hänsel W, Hommelhoff P, Hänsch T W, Reichel J 2001 Nature 413 498 Google Scholar
[9]	Feynman R P 1960 Eng. Sci. 23 22
[10]	Suess B, Weigand J E 2008 RNA Biol. 5 24 Google Scholar
[11]	Maurel M C, Leclerc F, Hervé G 2020 Chem. Rev. 120 4898 Google Scholar
[12]	Chen L L, Yang L 2015 RNA Biol. 12 381 Google Scholar
[13]	Parkinson G N, Lee M P H, Neidle S 2002 Nature 417 876 Google Scholar
[14]	Day H A, Pavlou P, Waller Z A E 2014 Bioorg. Med. Chem. 22 4407 Google Scholar
[15]	Jones M R, Seeman N C, Mirkin C A 2015 Science 347 1260901 Google Scholar
[16]	樊春海, 刘冬生 2011 DNA纳米技术: 分子传感、计算与机器 (北京: 科学出版社) 第19页 Fan C, Liu D 2011 DNA Nanotechnology: Moelcular Sensoring, Computation and Machines. (Beijing: Science Press) p19 (in Chinese)
[17]	Winfree E, Liu F, Wenzler L A, Seeman N C 1998 Nature 394 539 Google Scholar
[18]	Yan H, Park S H, Finkelstein G, Reif J H, LaBean T H 2003 Science 301 1882 Google Scholar
[19]	Lin C, Liu Y, Rinker S, Yan H 2006 ChemPhysChem 7 1641 Google Scholar
[20]	Goodman R P, Schaap I A T, Tardin C F, Erben C M, Berry R M, Schmidt C F, Turberfield A J 2005 Science 310 1661 Google Scholar
[21]	He Y, Ye T, Su M, Zhang C, Ribbe A E, Jiang W, Mao C 2008 Nature 452 198 Google Scholar
[22]	Rothemund P W K 2006 Nature 440 297 Google Scholar
[23]	Ge Z, Gu H, Li Q, Fan C 2018 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 140 17808 Google Scholar
[24]	Wang F, Zhang X, Liu X, Fan C, Li Q 2019 Small 15 1900013 Google Scholar
[25]	Song X, Reif J 2019 ACS Nano 13 6256 Google Scholar
[26]	Yang F, Li Q, Wang L, Zhang G J, Fan C 2018 ACS Sens. 3 903 Google Scholar
[27]	Hu Q, Li H, Wang L, Gu H, Fan C 2019 Chem. Rev. 119 6459
[28]	Seeman N C 1982 J. Theor. Biol. 99 237 Google Scholar
[29]	Kuzuya A, Wang R, Sha R, Seeman N C 2007 Nano Lett. 7 1757 Google Scholar
[30]	Ding B, Sha R, Seeman N C 2004 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126 10230 Google Scholar
[31]	He Y, Chen Y, Liu H, Ribbe A E, Mao C 2005 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127 12202 Google Scholar
[32]	Chen J, Seeman N C 1991 Nature 350 631 Google Scholar
[33]	Zheng J, Birktoft J J, Chen Y, Wang T, Sha R, Constantinou P E, Ginell S L, Mao C, Seeman N C 2009 Nature 461 74 Google Scholar
[34]	Guo P 2010 Nat. Nanotechnol. 5 833 Google Scholar
[35]	Afonin K A, Bindewald E, Yaghoubian A J, Voss N, Jacovetty E, Shapiro B A, Jaeger L 2010 Nat. Nanotechnol. 5 676 Google Scholar
[36]	Severcan I, Geary C, Chworos A, Voss N, Jacovetty E, Jaeger L 2010 Nat. Chem. 2 772 Google Scholar
[37]	钱璐璐, 汪颖, 张钊, 赵健, 潘敦, 张益, 刘强, 樊春海, 胡钧, 贺林 2006 科学通报 51 2860 Google Scholar Qian L, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Pan D, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Fan C, Hu J, He L 2006 Chin. Sci. Bull. 51 2860 Google Scholar
[38]	Andersen E S, Dong M, Nielsen M M, Jahn K, Subramani R, Mamdouh W, Golas M M, Sander B, Stark H, Oliveira C L P, Pedersen J S, Birkedal V, Besenbacher F, Gothelf K V, Kjems J 2009 Nature 459 73 Google Scholar
[39]	Douglas S M, Dietz H, Liedl T, Högberg B, Graf F, Shih W M 2009 Nature 459 414 Google Scholar
[40]	Han D, Pal S, Yang Y, Jiang S, Nangreave J, Liu Y, Yan H 2013 Science 339 1412 Google Scholar
[41]	Benson E, Mohammed A, Gardell J, Masich S, Czeizler E, Orponen P, Högberg B 2015 Nature 523 441 Google Scholar
[42]	Zhang F, Jiang S, Wu S, Li Y, Mao C, Liu Y, Yan H 2015 Nat. Nanotechnol. 10 779 Google Scholar
[43]	Han D, Pal S, Nangreave J, Deng Z, Liu Y, Yan H 2011 Science 332 342 Google Scholar
[44]	Williams S, Lund K, Lin C, Wonka P, Lindsay S, Yan H 2009 LNCS 5347 90
[45]	Douglas S M, Marblestone A H, Teerapittayanon S, Vazquez A, Church G M, Shih W M 2009 Nucl. Acids Res. 37 5001 Google Scholar
[46]	Veneziano R, Ratanalert S, Zhang K, Zhang F, Yan H, Chiu W, Bathe M 2016 Science 352 1534 Google Scholar
[47]	Liu W, Zhong H, Wang R, Seeman N C 2011 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 50 264 Google Scholar
[48]	Iinuma R, Ke Y, Jungmann R, Schlichthaerle T, Woehrstein J B, Yin P 2014 Science 344 65 Google Scholar
[49]	Wagenbauer K F, Sigl C, Dietz H 2017 Nature 552 78 Google Scholar
[50]	Tikhomirov G, Petersen P, Qian L 2017 Nature 552 67 Google Scholar
[51]	Simmel F C, Yurke B, Singh H R 2019 Chem. Rev. 119 6326
[52]	Douglas S M, Bachelet I, Church G M 2012 Science 335 831 Google Scholar
[53]	Zhu D, Pei H, Yao G, Wang L, Su S, Chao J, Wang L, Aldalbahi A, Song S, Shi J, Hu J, Fan C, Zuo X 2016 Adv. Mater. 28 6860 Google Scholar
[54]	Lund K, Manzo A J, Dabby N, Michelotti N, Johnson-Buck A, Nangreave J, Taylor S, Pei R, Stojanovic M N, Walter N G, Winfree E, Yan H 2010 Nature 465 206 Google Scholar
[55]	Wickham S F J, Endo M, Katsuda Y, Hidaka K, Bath J, Sugiyama H, Turberfield A J 2011 Nat. Nanotechnol. 6 166 Google Scholar
[56]	Steinhauer C, Jungmann R, Sobey T L, Simmel F C, Tinnefeld P 2009 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 48 8870 Google Scholar
[57]	Li J, Dai J, Jiang S, Xie M, Zhai T, Guo L, Cao S, Xing S, Qu Z, Zhao Y, Wang F, Yang Y, Liu L, Zuo X, Wang L, Yan H, Fan C 2020 Nat. Commun. 11 2185 Google Scholar
[58]	Lu N, Pei H, Ge Z, Simmons C R, Yan H, Fan C 2012 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134 13148 Google Scholar
[59]	Yang Y, Wang J, Shigematsu H, Xu W, Shih W M, Rothman J E, Lin C 2016 Nat. Chem. 8 476 Google Scholar
[60]	Zheng J, Constantinou P E, Micheel C, Alivisatos A P, Kiehl R A, Seeman N C 2006 Nano Lett. 6 1502 Google Scholar
[61]	Sharma J, Chhabra R, Cheng A, Brownell J, Liu Y, Yan H 2009 Science 323 112 Google Scholar
[62]	Lo P K, Karam P, Aldaye F A, McLaughlin C K, Hamblin G D, Cosa G, Sleiman H F 2010 Nat. Chem. 2 319 Google Scholar
[63]	Liu W, Halverson J, Tian Y, Tkachenko A V, Gang O 2016 Nat. Chem. 8 867 Google Scholar
[64]	Tian Y, Lhermitte J R, Bai L, Vo T, Xin H L, Li H, Li R, Fukuto M, Yager K G, Kahn J S, Xiong Y, Minevich B, Kumar S K, Gang O 2020 Nat. Mater. 19 789 Google Scholar
[65]	Yao G, Li J, Li Q, Chen X, Liu X, Wang F, Qu Z, Ge Z, Narayanan R P, Williams D, Pei H, Zuo X, Wang L, Yan H, Feringa B L, Fan C 2020 Nat. Mater. 19 781 Google Scholar
[66]	Liu J, Geng Y, Pound E, Gyawali S, Ashton J R, Hickey J, Woolley A T, Harb J N 2011 ACS Nano 5 2240 Google Scholar
[67]	Li N, Shang Y, Xu R, Jiang Q, Liu J, Wang L, Cheng Z, Ding B 2019 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 141 17968 Google Scholar
[68]	Sun W, Boulais E, Hakobyan Y, Wang W L, Guan A, Bathe M, Yin P 2014 Science 346 1258361 Google Scholar
[69]	Pal S, Varghese R, Deng Z, Zhao Z, Kumar A, Yan H, Liu Y 2011 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 50 4176 Google Scholar
[70]	Jia S, Wang J, Xie M, Sun J, Liu H, Zhang Y, Chao J, Li J, Wang L, Lin J, Gothelf K V, Fan C 2019 Nat. Commun. 10 5597 Google Scholar
[71]	Liu X, Zhang F, Jing X, Pan M, Liu P, Li W, Zhu B, Li J, Chen H, Wang L, Lin J, Liu Y, Zhao D, Yan H, Fan C 2018 Nature 559 593 Google Scholar
[72]	Shang Y, Li N, Liu S, Wang L, Wang Z G, Zhang Z, Ding B 2020 Adv. Mater. 32 2000294 Google Scholar
[73]	贾思思, 晁洁, 樊春海, 柳华杰 2014 化学进展 26 695 Jia S, Chao J, Fan C, Liu H 2014 Prog. Chem. 26 695
[74]	Voigt N V, Tørring T, Rotaru A, Jacobsen M F, Ravnsbæk J B, Subramani R, Mamdouh W, Kjems J, Mokhir A, Besenbacher F, Gothelf K V 2010 Nat. Nanotechnol. 5 200 Google Scholar
[75]	Liu H, Tørring T, Dong M, Rosen C B, Besenbacher F, Gothelf K V 2010 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132 18054 Google Scholar
[76]	Tokura Y, Harvey S, Chen C, Wu Y, Ng D Y W, Weil T 2018 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 57 1587 Google Scholar
[77]	Winterwerber P, Harvey S, Ng D Y W, Weil T 2020 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59 6144 Google Scholar
[78]	Ke G, Liu M, Jiang S, Qi X, Yang Y R, Wootten S, Zhang F, Zhu Z, Liu Y, Yang C J, Yan H 2016 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 55 7483 Google Scholar
[79]	Fu Y, Zeng D, Chao J, Jin Y, Zhang Z, Liu H, Li D, Ma H, Huang Q, Gothelf K V, Fan C 2013 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135 696 Google Scholar
[80]	Xin L, Zhou C, Yang Z, Liu D 2013 Small 9 3088 Google Scholar
[81]	Hansen M H, Blakskjaer P, Petersen L K, Hansen T H, Hojfeldt J W, Gothelf K V, Hansen N J V 2009 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131 1322 Google Scholar
[82]	Wilner O I, Weizmann Y, Gill R, Lioubashevski O, Freeman R, Willner I 2009 Nat. Nanotechnol. 4 249 Google Scholar
[83]	Fu J, Liu M, Liu Y, Woodbury N W, Yan H 2012 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134 5516 Google Scholar
[84]	Ke Y, Lindsay S, Chang Y, Liu Y, Yan H 2008 Science 319 180 Google Scholar
[85]	Subramanian H K K, Chakraborty B, Sha R, Seeman N C 2011 Nano Lett. 11 910 Google Scholar
[86]	Zhang H, Chao J, Pan D, Liu H, Qiang Y, Liu K, Cui C, Chen J, Huang Q, Hu J, Wang L, Huang W, Shi Y, Fan C 2017 Nat. Commun. 8 14738 Google Scholar
[87]	Pei H, Lu N, Wen Y, Song S, Liu Y, Yan H, Fan C 2010 Adv. Mater. 22 4754 Google Scholar
[88]	Kühler P, Roller E M, Schreiber R, Liedl T, Lohmüller T, Feldmann J 2014 Nano Lett. 14 2914 Google Scholar
[89]	Fang W, Jia S, Chao J, Wang L, Duan X, Liu H, Li Q, Zuo X, Wang L, Wang L, Liu N, Fan C 2019 Sci. Adv. 5 eaau4506 Google Scholar
[90]	Li Z, Zhao B, Wang D, Wen Y, Liu G, Dong H, Song S, Fan C 2014 ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 6 17944 Google Scholar
[91]	张祎男, 王丽华, 柳华杰, 樊春海 2017 66 147101 Google Scholar Zhang Y, Wang L, Liu H, Fan C 2017 Acta Phys. Sin. 66 147101 Google Scholar
[92]	Simoncelli S, Roller E M, Urban P, Schreiber R, Turberfield A J, Liedl T, Lohmüller T 2016 ACS Nano 10 9809 Google Scholar
[93]	Gu H, Chao J, Xiao S J, Seeman N C 2010 Nature 465 202 Google Scholar
[94]	Thubagere A J, Li W, Johnson R F, Chen Z, Doroudi S, Lee Y L, Izatt G, Wittman S, Srinivas N, Woods D, Winfree E, Qian L 2017 Science 357 eaan6558 Google Scholar
[95]	Kopperger E, List J, Madhira S, Rothfischer F, Lamb D C, Simmel F C 2018 Science 359 296 Google Scholar
[96]	Lauback S, Mattioli K R, Marras A E, Armstrong M, Rudibaugh T P, Sooryakumar R, Castro C E 2018 Nat. Commun. 9 1446 Google Scholar
[97]	Li S, Jiang Q, Liu S, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Song C, Wang J, Zou Y, Anderson G J, Han J Y, Chang Y, Liu Y, Zhang C, Chen L, Zhou G, Nie G, Yan H, Ding B, Zhao Y 2018 Nat. Biotechnol. 36 258 Google Scholar
[98]	Wiraja C, Zhu Y, Lio D C S, Yeo D C, Xie M, Fang W, Li Q, Zheng M, Van Steensel M, Wang L, Fan C, Xu C 2019 Nat. Commun. 10 1147 Google Scholar
[99]	Ijäs H, Hakaste I, Shen B, Kostiainen M A, Linko V 2019 ACS Nano 13 5959 Google Scholar
[100]	Burns J R, Lamarre B, Pyne A L B, Noble J E, Ryadnov M G 2018 ACS Synth. Biol. 7 767 Google Scholar
[101]	Chen Q, Liu H, Lee W, Sun Y, Zhu D, Pei H, Fan C, Fan X 2013 Lab Chip 13 3351 Google Scholar
[102]	Jungmann R, Avendaño M S, Woehrstein J B, Dai M, Shih W M, Yin P 2014 Nat. Methods 11 313 Google Scholar
[103]	Vogele K, List J, Pardatscher G, Holland N B, Simmel F C, Pirzer T 2016 ACS Nano 10 11377 Google Scholar
[104]	Kuzyk A, Schreiber R, Fan Z, Pardatscher G, Roller E M, Högele A, Simmel F C, Govorov A O, Liedl T 2012 Nature 483 311 Google Scholar
[105]	Man T, Ji W, Liu X, Zhang C, Li L, Pei H, Fan C 2019 ACS Nano 13 4826 Google Scholar
[106]	Zhou C, Duan X, Liu N 2015 Nat. Commun. 6 8102 Google Scholar
[107]	Klein W P, Schmidt C N, Rapp B, Takabayashi S, Knowlton W B, Lee J, Yurke B, Hughes W L, Graugnard E, Kuang W 2013 Nano Lett. 13 3850 Google Scholar
[108]	Gür F N, McPolin C P T, Raza S, Mayer M, Roth D J, Steiner A M, Löffler M, Fery A, Brongersma M L, Zayats A V, König T A F, Schmidt T L 2018 Nano Lett. 18 7323 Google Scholar
[109]	Shen X, Asenjo-Garcia A, Liu Q, Jiang Q, García de Abajo F J, Liu N, Ding B 2013 Nano Lett. 13 2128 Google Scholar
[110]	Lan X, Lu X, Shen C, Ke Y, Ni W, Wang Q 2015 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 137 457 Google Scholar
[111]	Dai X, Li Q, Aldalbahi A, Wang L, Fan C, Liu X 2020 Nano Lett. 20 5604 Google Scholar
[112]	Deng Z X, Mao C D 2004 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 43 4068 Google Scholar
[113]	Becerril H A, Woolley A T 2007 Small 3 1534 Google Scholar
[114]	Diagne C T, Brun C, Gasparutto D, Baillin X, Tiron R 2016 ACS Nano 10 6458 Google Scholar
[115]	Knudsen J B, Liu L, Bank Kodal A L, Madsen M, Li Q, Song J, Woehrstein J B, Wickham S F J, Strauss M T, Schueder F, Vinther J, Krissanaprasit A, Gudnason D, Smith A A A, Ogaki R, Zelikin A N, Besenbacher F, Birkedal V, Yin P, Shih W M, Jungmann R, Dong M, Gothelf K V 2015 Nat. Nanotechnol. 10 892 Google Scholar
[116]	Tapio K, Leppiniemi J, Shen B, Hytönen V P, Fritzsche W, Toppari J J 2016 Nano Lett. 16 6780 Google Scholar
[117]	Sun W, Shen J, Zhao Z, Arellano N, Rettner C, Tang J, Cao T, Zhou Z, Ta T, Streit J K, Fagan J A, Schaus T, Zheng M, Han S J, Shih W M, Maune H T, Yin P 2020 Science 368 874 Google Scholar
[118]	Zhao M, Chen Y, Wang K, Zhang Z, Streit J K, Fagan J A, Tang J, Zheng M, Yang C, Zhu Z, Sun W 2020 Science 368 878 Google Scholar
[119]	Zhang Y, Mao X, Li F, Li M, Jing X, Ge Z, Wang L, Liu K, Zhang H, Fan C, Zuo X 2020 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59 4892 Google Scholar
[120]	Adleman L 1994 Science 266 1021 Google Scholar
[121]	Bai M, Chen F, Cao X, Zhao Y, Xue J, Yu X, Fan C, Zhao Y 2020 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59 13267 Google Scholar
[122]	Liu H, Wang J, Song S, Fan C, Gothelf K V 2015 Nat. Commun. 6 10089 Google Scholar
[123]	Chao J, Wang J, Wang F, Ouyang X, Kopperger E, Liu H, Li Q, Shi J, Wang L, Hu J, Wang L, Huang W, Simmel F C, Fan C 2019 Nat. Mater. 18 273 Google Scholar
[124]	Zhang Y, Wang F, Chao J, Xie M, Liu H, Pan M, Kopperger E, Liu X, Li Q, Shi J, Wang L, Hu J, Wang L, Simmel F C, Fan C 2019 Nat. Commun. 10 5469 Google Scholar
[125]	Fan S, Wang D, Cheng J, Liu Y, Luo T, Cui D, Ke Y, Song J 2020 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59 12991 Google Scholar
[126]	Wickham S F J, Bath J, Katsuda Y, Endo M, Hidaka K, Sugiyama H, Turberfield A J 2012 Nat. Nanotechnol. 7 169 Google Scholar
[127]	Clelland C T, Risca V, Bancroft C 1999 Nature 399 533 Google Scholar
[128]	Song J, Li Z, Wang P, Meyer T, Mao C, Ke Y 2017 Science 357 eaan3377 Google Scholar

Cited By

图 1 典型框架核酸结构: DNA瓦块和DNA折纸结构　(a) DNA瓦块组装成的二维晶格^[28]; (b) DNA四面体^[20]; (c) 类富勒烯结构^[21]; (d) DNA折纸设计图及几种二维平面折纸结构^[22]; (e) 球形^[40]、花鸟图案^[42]和兔子^[41]线框DNA折纸结构; (f) DNA纳米花瓶结构^[43]; (g) 16个折纸模块组成的蒙娜丽莎图案^[50]

Figure 1. Typical FNAs: DNA tile and DNA origami: (a) DNA four-way junction^[28]; (b) DNA tetrahedron^[20]; (c) DNA buckyball self-assembled by three-point-star DNA tiles^[21]; (d) 2D DNA origami structures^[22]; (e) sphere^[40], flower-and-bird pattern^[42] and bunny-shape^[41] wireframe DNA origami structures; (f) nanoflask DNA origami structure with complex curvatures^[43]; (g) a Mona Lisa pattern self-assembled by 16 DNA origami tiles^[50].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 框架核酸介导纳米颗粒组装　(a) DNA瓦块介导AuNPs组装成二维阵列^[60]; (b) 三角形DNA纳米管封装的AuNP线^[62]; (c) DNA折纸模块介导AuNPs形成平面阵列^[63]; (d) DNA单链编码的AuNPs组装成分支状类分子结构^[65]

Figure 2. FNAs-directed nanoparticles assembly: (a) 2D AuNP arrays self-assembled by DNA tiles ^[60]; (b) AuNP lines size-selective encapsulated within triangular DNA nanotubes^[62]; (c) 2D AuNP arrays directed by DNA origami tiles^[63]; (d) branched molecule-like structures self-assembled by single-stranded DNA encoded AuNPs^[65].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 框架核酸介导原位生长　(a) 三角形DNA折纸上定点金属化形成银纳米簇^[69]; (b) DNA折纸上选择性金属化构建8字形图案^[70]; (c) DNA-二氧化硅复合材料的制备^[71]; (d) DNA折纸上定点合成“i”形二氧化硅纳米结构^[72]

Figure 3. FNAs-directed in-situ growth of nanomaterials: (a) Silver nanoclusters synthesized on DNA origami^[69]; (b) selective DNA condensation and metallization on DNA origami for fabricating a digit 8 pattern^[70]; (c) DNA origami silicification diatom-mimicking structures^[71]; (d) site-specific synthesis of “i-pattern” silica nanostructure on DNA origami^[72].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 4 框架核酸构建单分子反应器　(a) DNA 折纸上单分子化学键断裂反应^[74]; (b) DNA折纸上光诱导多巴胺聚合反应^[77]; (c) DNA折纸上酶通路调控系统^[78]; (d) DNA纳米管中GO_x和HRP的酶级联反应^[79]; (e) DNA机器可逆调控酶级联反应^[80]

Figure 4. FNAs used for single molecule reactors: (a) Single-molecule chemical cleavage reactions on DNA origami^[74]; (b) light-triggered polydopamine formation on DNA origami^[77]; (c) enzyme pathway regulation system on a rectangular DNA origami platform^[78]; (d) bienzyme cascade of GO_x and HRP in a DNA origami nanotube^[79]; (e) reversible regulation of enzyme cascade reaction by a DNA machine^[80].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 5 框架核酸构建单分子传感器　(a) DNA 折纸上设计的V形探针检测目标RNA^[84]; (b) 字母图案的DNA折纸用于SNP检测^[85]; (c) DNA四面体探针检测目标DNA^[87]; (d) AuNP二聚体检测染料分子的SERS信号^[88]; (e) AuNP四聚体对SERS信号的单分子水平定点、定量检测^[89]

Figure 5. FNAs used for single molecule sensing: (a) Detection of the target RNA by hybridization with V-shaped probe stretched from a DNA origami^[84]; (b) SNP detection with alphabetic patterned origami structures ^[85]; (c) recognition of the target DNA with a DNA tetrahedral structured probe ^[87]; (d) DNA origami-templated AuNP dimers for SERS^[88]; (e) DNA origami-templated tetrameric Au nanoclusters for quantizing single-molecule SERS^[89].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 6 框架核酸用于分子装载和输运　(a) DNA 折纸上的分子装配线^[93]; (b) 电场驱动DNA纳米机械臂旋转并使金纳米棒运动^[95]; (c) 凝血酶功能化的DNA纳米机器人^[97]; (d) 3种用于经皮给药的DNA四面体结构^[98]

Figure 6. FNAs used for cargos loading and transporting: (a) Molecular assembly line on DNA origami^[93]; (b) electrically actuated rotation of a nanorobotic arm, moving a gold nanorod^[95]; (c) DNA origami nanocapsule actuated by changing pH^[97]; (d) 3DNA tetrahedrons for transdermal drug delivery^[98].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 7 框架核酸的纳米光学应用　(a) 基于DNA四面体的光流体激光器实验装置^[101]; (b) DNA-PAINT^[102]; (c) DNA折纸上线性排列的AuNPs产生光波导^[103]; (d) AuNPs在DNA折纸上的左旋和右旋排列^[104]; (e) 四面体DNA折纸组装的金纳米棒手性超分子^[105]; (f) 金纳米棒在DNA折纸上的动态行走^[106]

Figure 7. FNAs used for nanophotonics: (a) Optofluidic lasers based on a DNA tetrahedron^[101]; (b) DNA-PAINT ^[102]; (c) waveguide on the line of AuNPs arranged by a DNA origami^[103]; (d) AuNP helices on DNA origami^[104]; (e) tetrahedral DNA origami-templated plasmonic metamolecules^[105]; (f) Au nanorod walking on DNA origami^[106].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 8 框架核酸构建纳电子器件　(a) DNA折纸到SiO₂基底的直接图案转移^[114]; (b) 聚合物线在DNA折纸上形成的“U”形图案^[115]; (c) DNA瓦块组装AuNP构建单电子晶体管^[116]; (d) DNA折纸模板制备高度致密的CNT平行阵列^[117]

Figure 8. FNAs used for nanoelectronics: (a) Pattern transferring from DNA origami into SiO₂^[114]; (b) polymer binding to the DNA origami with a “U” shaped pattern^[113]; (c) DNA tile-templated single electron nanoelectronics^[116]; (d) CNT alignment based on trench-like DNA templates^[117].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 9 框架核酸构建信息处理器件　(a) DNA 折纸分子计算器^[122]; (b) DNA单分子巡航机器人解迷宫^[123]; (c) DNA折纸加密系统^[124]; (d) DNA折纸多米诺阵列编码信息^[125]

Figure 9. FNAs used for information processing: (a) DNA origami calculator^[122]; (b) single-molecule DNA navigator for solving maze on the 2 D origami^[123]; (c) DNA origami cryptography system^[124]; (d) DNA origami domino array for coding information^[125].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

map

[1]	Chang C Z, Zhang J, Feng X, et al. 2013 Science 340 167 Google Scholar
[2]	Yu R, Zhang W, Zhang H J, Zhang S C, Dai X, Fang Z 2010 Science 329 61 Google Scholar
[3]	Li Y 2018 Phys. Rev. A 98 012336 Google Scholar
[4]	Fei H, Dong J, Arellano-Jiménez M J, Ye G, Dong Kim N, Samuel E L G, Peng Z, Zhu Z, Qin F, Bao J, Yacaman M J, Ajayan P M, Chen D, Tour J M 2015 Nat. Commun. 6 8668 Google Scholar
[5]	Qiao B, Wang A, Yang X, Allard L F, Jiang Z, Cui Y, Liu J, Li J, Zhang T 2011 Nat. Chem. 3 634 Google Scholar
[6]	Eigler D M, Schweizer E K 1990 Nature 344 524 Google Scholar
[7]	Crommie M F, Lutz C P, Eigler D M 1993 Science 262 218 Google Scholar
[8]	Hänsel W, Hommelhoff P, Hänsch T W, Reichel J 2001 Nature 413 498 Google Scholar
[9]	Feynman R P 1960 Eng. Sci. 23 22
[10]	Suess B, Weigand J E 2008 RNA Biol. 5 24 Google Scholar
[11]	Maurel M C, Leclerc F, Hervé G 2020 Chem. Rev. 120 4898 Google Scholar
[12]	Chen L L, Yang L 2015 RNA Biol. 12 381 Google Scholar
[13]	Parkinson G N, Lee M P H, Neidle S 2002 Nature 417 876 Google Scholar
[14]	Day H A, Pavlou P, Waller Z A E 2014 Bioorg. Med. Chem. 22 4407 Google Scholar
[15]	Jones M R, Seeman N C, Mirkin C A 2015 Science 347 1260901 Google Scholar
[16]	樊春海, 刘冬生 2011 DNA纳米技术: 分子传感、计算与机器 (北京: 科学出版社) 第19页 Fan C, Liu D 2011 DNA Nanotechnology: Moelcular Sensoring, Computation and Machines. (Beijing: Science Press) p19 (in Chinese)
[17]	Winfree E, Liu F, Wenzler L A, Seeman N C 1998 Nature 394 539 Google Scholar
[18]	Yan H, Park S H, Finkelstein G, Reif J H, LaBean T H 2003 Science 301 1882 Google Scholar
[19]	Lin C, Liu Y, Rinker S, Yan H 2006 ChemPhysChem 7 1641 Google Scholar
[20]	Goodman R P, Schaap I A T, Tardin C F, Erben C M, Berry R M, Schmidt C F, Turberfield A J 2005 Science 310 1661 Google Scholar
[21]	He Y, Ye T, Su M, Zhang C, Ribbe A E, Jiang W, Mao C 2008 Nature 452 198 Google Scholar
[22]	Rothemund P W K 2006 Nature 440 297 Google Scholar
[23]	Ge Z, Gu H, Li Q, Fan C 2018 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 140 17808 Google Scholar
[24]	Wang F, Zhang X, Liu X, Fan C, Li Q 2019 Small 15 1900013 Google Scholar
[25]	Song X, Reif J 2019 ACS Nano 13 6256 Google Scholar
[26]	Yang F, Li Q, Wang L, Zhang G J, Fan C 2018 ACS Sens. 3 903 Google Scholar
[27]	Hu Q, Li H, Wang L, Gu H, Fan C 2019 Chem. Rev. 119 6459
[28]	Seeman N C 1982 J. Theor. Biol. 99 237 Google Scholar
[29]	Kuzuya A, Wang R, Sha R, Seeman N C 2007 Nano Lett. 7 1757 Google Scholar
[30]	Ding B, Sha R, Seeman N C 2004 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126 10230 Google Scholar
[31]	He Y, Chen Y, Liu H, Ribbe A E, Mao C 2005 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127 12202 Google Scholar
[32]	Chen J, Seeman N C 1991 Nature 350 631 Google Scholar
[33]	Zheng J, Birktoft J J, Chen Y, Wang T, Sha R, Constantinou P E, Ginell S L, Mao C, Seeman N C 2009 Nature 461 74 Google Scholar
[34]	Guo P 2010 Nat. Nanotechnol. 5 833 Google Scholar
[35]	Afonin K A, Bindewald E, Yaghoubian A J, Voss N, Jacovetty E, Shapiro B A, Jaeger L 2010 Nat. Nanotechnol. 5 676 Google Scholar
[36]	Severcan I, Geary C, Chworos A, Voss N, Jacovetty E, Jaeger L 2010 Nat. Chem. 2 772 Google Scholar
[37]	钱璐璐, 汪颖, 张钊, 赵健, 潘敦, 张益, 刘强, 樊春海, 胡钧, 贺林 2006 科学通报 51 2860 Google Scholar Qian L, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Pan D, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Fan C, Hu J, He L 2006 Chin. Sci. Bull. 51 2860 Google Scholar
[38]	Andersen E S, Dong M, Nielsen M M, Jahn K, Subramani R, Mamdouh W, Golas M M, Sander B, Stark H, Oliveira C L P, Pedersen J S, Birkedal V, Besenbacher F, Gothelf K V, Kjems J 2009 Nature 459 73 Google Scholar
[39]	Douglas S M, Dietz H, Liedl T, Högberg B, Graf F, Shih W M 2009 Nature 459 414 Google Scholar
[40]	Han D, Pal S, Yang Y, Jiang S, Nangreave J, Liu Y, Yan H 2013 Science 339 1412 Google Scholar
[41]	Benson E, Mohammed A, Gardell J, Masich S, Czeizler E, Orponen P, Högberg B 2015 Nature 523 441 Google Scholar
[42]	Zhang F, Jiang S, Wu S, Li Y, Mao C, Liu Y, Yan H 2015 Nat. Nanotechnol. 10 779 Google Scholar
[43]	Han D, Pal S, Nangreave J, Deng Z, Liu Y, Yan H 2011 Science 332 342 Google Scholar
[44]	Williams S, Lund K, Lin C, Wonka P, Lindsay S, Yan H 2009 LNCS 5347 90
[45]	Douglas S M, Marblestone A H, Teerapittayanon S, Vazquez A, Church G M, Shih W M 2009 Nucl. Acids Res. 37 5001 Google Scholar
[46]	Veneziano R, Ratanalert S, Zhang K, Zhang F, Yan H, Chiu W, Bathe M 2016 Science 352 1534 Google Scholar
[47]	Liu W, Zhong H, Wang R, Seeman N C 2011 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 50 264 Google Scholar
[48]	Iinuma R, Ke Y, Jungmann R, Schlichthaerle T, Woehrstein J B, Yin P 2014 Science 344 65 Google Scholar
[49]	Wagenbauer K F, Sigl C, Dietz H 2017 Nature 552 78 Google Scholar
[50]	Tikhomirov G, Petersen P, Qian L 2017 Nature 552 67 Google Scholar
[51]	Simmel F C, Yurke B, Singh H R 2019 Chem. Rev. 119 6326
[52]	Douglas S M, Bachelet I, Church G M 2012 Science 335 831 Google Scholar
[53]	Zhu D, Pei H, Yao G, Wang L, Su S, Chao J, Wang L, Aldalbahi A, Song S, Shi J, Hu J, Fan C, Zuo X 2016 Adv. Mater. 28 6860 Google Scholar
[54]	Lund K, Manzo A J, Dabby N, Michelotti N, Johnson-Buck A, Nangreave J, Taylor S, Pei R, Stojanovic M N, Walter N G, Winfree E, Yan H 2010 Nature 465 206 Google Scholar
[55]	Wickham S F J, Endo M, Katsuda Y, Hidaka K, Bath J, Sugiyama H, Turberfield A J 2011 Nat. Nanotechnol. 6 166 Google Scholar
[56]	Steinhauer C, Jungmann R, Sobey T L, Simmel F C, Tinnefeld P 2009 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 48 8870 Google Scholar
[57]	Li J, Dai J, Jiang S, Xie M, Zhai T, Guo L, Cao S, Xing S, Qu Z, Zhao Y, Wang F, Yang Y, Liu L, Zuo X, Wang L, Yan H, Fan C 2020 Nat. Commun. 11 2185 Google Scholar
[58]	Lu N, Pei H, Ge Z, Simmons C R, Yan H, Fan C 2012 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134 13148 Google Scholar
[59]	Yang Y, Wang J, Shigematsu H, Xu W, Shih W M, Rothman J E, Lin C 2016 Nat. Chem. 8 476 Google Scholar
[60]	Zheng J, Constantinou P E, Micheel C, Alivisatos A P, Kiehl R A, Seeman N C 2006 Nano Lett. 6 1502 Google Scholar
[61]	Sharma J, Chhabra R, Cheng A, Brownell J, Liu Y, Yan H 2009 Science 323 112 Google Scholar
[62]	Lo P K, Karam P, Aldaye F A, McLaughlin C K, Hamblin G D, Cosa G, Sleiman H F 2010 Nat. Chem. 2 319 Google Scholar
[63]	Liu W, Halverson J, Tian Y, Tkachenko A V, Gang O 2016 Nat. Chem. 8 867 Google Scholar
[64]	Tian Y, Lhermitte J R, Bai L, Vo T, Xin H L, Li H, Li R, Fukuto M, Yager K G, Kahn J S, Xiong Y, Minevich B, Kumar S K, Gang O 2020 Nat. Mater. 19 789 Google Scholar
[65]	Yao G, Li J, Li Q, Chen X, Liu X, Wang F, Qu Z, Ge Z, Narayanan R P, Williams D, Pei H, Zuo X, Wang L, Yan H, Feringa B L, Fan C 2020 Nat. Mater. 19 781 Google Scholar
[66]	Liu J, Geng Y, Pound E, Gyawali S, Ashton J R, Hickey J, Woolley A T, Harb J N 2011 ACS Nano 5 2240 Google Scholar
[67]	Li N, Shang Y, Xu R, Jiang Q, Liu J, Wang L, Cheng Z, Ding B 2019 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 141 17968 Google Scholar
[68]	Sun W, Boulais E, Hakobyan Y, Wang W L, Guan A, Bathe M, Yin P 2014 Science 346 1258361 Google Scholar
[69]	Pal S, Varghese R, Deng Z, Zhao Z, Kumar A, Yan H, Liu Y 2011 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 50 4176 Google Scholar
[70]	Jia S, Wang J, Xie M, Sun J, Liu H, Zhang Y, Chao J, Li J, Wang L, Lin J, Gothelf K V, Fan C 2019 Nat. Commun. 10 5597 Google Scholar
[71]	Liu X, Zhang F, Jing X, Pan M, Liu P, Li W, Zhu B, Li J, Chen H, Wang L, Lin J, Liu Y, Zhao D, Yan H, Fan C 2018 Nature 559 593 Google Scholar
[72]	Shang Y, Li N, Liu S, Wang L, Wang Z G, Zhang Z, Ding B 2020 Adv. Mater. 32 2000294 Google Scholar
[73]	贾思思, 晁洁, 樊春海, 柳华杰 2014 化学进展 26 695 Jia S, Chao J, Fan C, Liu H 2014 Prog. Chem. 26 695
[74]	Voigt N V, Tørring T, Rotaru A, Jacobsen M F, Ravnsbæk J B, Subramani R, Mamdouh W, Kjems J, Mokhir A, Besenbacher F, Gothelf K V 2010 Nat. Nanotechnol. 5 200 Google Scholar
[75]	Liu H, Tørring T, Dong M, Rosen C B, Besenbacher F, Gothelf K V 2010 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132 18054 Google Scholar
[76]	Tokura Y, Harvey S, Chen C, Wu Y, Ng D Y W, Weil T 2018 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 57 1587 Google Scholar
[77]	Winterwerber P, Harvey S, Ng D Y W, Weil T 2020 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59 6144 Google Scholar
[78]	Ke G, Liu M, Jiang S, Qi X, Yang Y R, Wootten S, Zhang F, Zhu Z, Liu Y, Yang C J, Yan H 2016 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 55 7483 Google Scholar
[79]	Fu Y, Zeng D, Chao J, Jin Y, Zhang Z, Liu H, Li D, Ma H, Huang Q, Gothelf K V, Fan C 2013 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135 696 Google Scholar
[80]	Xin L, Zhou C, Yang Z, Liu D 2013 Small 9 3088 Google Scholar
[81]	Hansen M H, Blakskjaer P, Petersen L K, Hansen T H, Hojfeldt J W, Gothelf K V, Hansen N J V 2009 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131 1322 Google Scholar
[82]	Wilner O I, Weizmann Y, Gill R, Lioubashevski O, Freeman R, Willner I 2009 Nat. Nanotechnol. 4 249 Google Scholar
[83]	Fu J, Liu M, Liu Y, Woodbury N W, Yan H 2012 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134 5516 Google Scholar
[84]	Ke Y, Lindsay S, Chang Y, Liu Y, Yan H 2008 Science 319 180 Google Scholar
[85]	Subramanian H K K, Chakraborty B, Sha R, Seeman N C 2011 Nano Lett. 11 910 Google Scholar
[86]	Zhang H, Chao J, Pan D, Liu H, Qiang Y, Liu K, Cui C, Chen J, Huang Q, Hu J, Wang L, Huang W, Shi Y, Fan C 2017 Nat. Commun. 8 14738 Google Scholar
[87]	Pei H, Lu N, Wen Y, Song S, Liu Y, Yan H, Fan C 2010 Adv. Mater. 22 4754 Google Scholar
[88]	Kühler P, Roller E M, Schreiber R, Liedl T, Lohmüller T, Feldmann J 2014 Nano Lett. 14 2914 Google Scholar
[89]	Fang W, Jia S, Chao J, Wang L, Duan X, Liu H, Li Q, Zuo X, Wang L, Wang L, Liu N, Fan C 2019 Sci. Adv. 5 eaau4506 Google Scholar
[90]	Li Z, Zhao B, Wang D, Wen Y, Liu G, Dong H, Song S, Fan C 2014 ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 6 17944 Google Scholar
[91]	张祎男, 王丽华, 柳华杰, 樊春海 2017 66 147101 Google Scholar Zhang Y, Wang L, Liu H, Fan C 2017 Acta Phys. Sin. 66 147101 Google Scholar
[92]	Simoncelli S, Roller E M, Urban P, Schreiber R, Turberfield A J, Liedl T, Lohmüller T 2016 ACS Nano 10 9809 Google Scholar
[93]	Gu H, Chao J, Xiao S J, Seeman N C 2010 Nature 465 202 Google Scholar
[94]	Thubagere A J, Li W, Johnson R F, Chen Z, Doroudi S, Lee Y L, Izatt G, Wittman S, Srinivas N, Woods D, Winfree E, Qian L 2017 Science 357 eaan6558 Google Scholar
[95]	Kopperger E, List J, Madhira S, Rothfischer F, Lamb D C, Simmel F C 2018 Science 359 296 Google Scholar
[96]	Lauback S, Mattioli K R, Marras A E, Armstrong M, Rudibaugh T P, Sooryakumar R, Castro C E 2018 Nat. Commun. 9 1446 Google Scholar
[97]	Li S, Jiang Q, Liu S, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Song C, Wang J, Zou Y, Anderson G J, Han J Y, Chang Y, Liu Y, Zhang C, Chen L, Zhou G, Nie G, Yan H, Ding B, Zhao Y 2018 Nat. Biotechnol. 36 258 Google Scholar
[98]	Wiraja C, Zhu Y, Lio D C S, Yeo D C, Xie M, Fang W, Li Q, Zheng M, Van Steensel M, Wang L, Fan C, Xu C 2019 Nat. Commun. 10 1147 Google Scholar
[99]	Ijäs H, Hakaste I, Shen B, Kostiainen M A, Linko V 2019 ACS Nano 13 5959 Google Scholar
[100]	Burns J R, Lamarre B, Pyne A L B, Noble J E, Ryadnov M G 2018 ACS Synth. Biol. 7 767 Google Scholar
[101]	Chen Q, Liu H, Lee W, Sun Y, Zhu D, Pei H, Fan C, Fan X 2013 Lab Chip 13 3351 Google Scholar
[102]	Jungmann R, Avendaño M S, Woehrstein J B, Dai M, Shih W M, Yin P 2014 Nat. Methods 11 313 Google Scholar
[103]	Vogele K, List J, Pardatscher G, Holland N B, Simmel F C, Pirzer T 2016 ACS Nano 10 11377 Google Scholar
[104]	Kuzyk A, Schreiber R, Fan Z, Pardatscher G, Roller E M, Högele A, Simmel F C, Govorov A O, Liedl T 2012 Nature 483 311 Google Scholar
[105]	Man T, Ji W, Liu X, Zhang C, Li L, Pei H, Fan C 2019 ACS Nano 13 4826 Google Scholar
[106]	Zhou C, Duan X, Liu N 2015 Nat. Commun. 6 8102 Google Scholar
[107]	Klein W P, Schmidt C N, Rapp B, Takabayashi S, Knowlton W B, Lee J, Yurke B, Hughes W L, Graugnard E, Kuang W 2013 Nano Lett. 13 3850 Google Scholar
[108]	Gür F N, McPolin C P T, Raza S, Mayer M, Roth D J, Steiner A M, Löffler M, Fery A, Brongersma M L, Zayats A V, König T A F, Schmidt T L 2018 Nano Lett. 18 7323 Google Scholar
[109]	Shen X, Asenjo-Garcia A, Liu Q, Jiang Q, García de Abajo F J, Liu N, Ding B 2013 Nano Lett. 13 2128 Google Scholar
[110]	Lan X, Lu X, Shen C, Ke Y, Ni W, Wang Q 2015 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 137 457 Google Scholar
[111]	Dai X, Li Q, Aldalbahi A, Wang L, Fan C, Liu X 2020 Nano Lett. 20 5604 Google Scholar
[112]	Deng Z X, Mao C D 2004 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 43 4068 Google Scholar
[113]	Becerril H A, Woolley A T 2007 Small 3 1534 Google Scholar
[114]	Diagne C T, Brun C, Gasparutto D, Baillin X, Tiron R 2016 ACS Nano 10 6458 Google Scholar
[115]	Knudsen J B, Liu L, Bank Kodal A L, Madsen M, Li Q, Song J, Woehrstein J B, Wickham S F J, Strauss M T, Schueder F, Vinther J, Krissanaprasit A, Gudnason D, Smith A A A, Ogaki R, Zelikin A N, Besenbacher F, Birkedal V, Yin P, Shih W M, Jungmann R, Dong M, Gothelf K V 2015 Nat. Nanotechnol. 10 892 Google Scholar
[116]	Tapio K, Leppiniemi J, Shen B, Hytönen V P, Fritzsche W, Toppari J J 2016 Nano Lett. 16 6780 Google Scholar
[117]	Sun W, Shen J, Zhao Z, Arellano N, Rettner C, Tang J, Cao T, Zhou Z, Ta T, Streit J K, Fagan J A, Schaus T, Zheng M, Han S J, Shih W M, Maune H T, Yin P 2020 Science 368 874 Google Scholar
[118]	Zhao M, Chen Y, Wang K, Zhang Z, Streit J K, Fagan J A, Tang J, Zheng M, Yang C, Zhu Z, Sun W 2020 Science 368 878 Google Scholar
[119]	Zhang Y, Mao X, Li F, Li M, Jing X, Ge Z, Wang L, Liu K, Zhang H, Fan C, Zuo X 2020 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59 4892 Google Scholar
[120]	Adleman L 1994 Science 266 1021 Google Scholar
[121]	Bai M, Chen F, Cao X, Zhao Y, Xue J, Yu X, Fan C, Zhao Y 2020 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59 13267 Google Scholar
[122]	Liu H, Wang J, Song S, Fan C, Gothelf K V 2015 Nat. Commun. 6 10089 Google Scholar
[123]	Chao J, Wang J, Wang F, Ouyang X, Kopperger E, Liu H, Li Q, Shi J, Wang L, Hu J, Wang L, Huang W, Simmel F C, Fan C 2019 Nat. Mater. 18 273 Google Scholar
[124]	Zhang Y, Wang F, Chao J, Xie M, Liu H, Pan M, Kopperger E, Liu X, Li Q, Shi J, Wang L, Hu J, Wang L, Simmel F C, Fan C 2019 Nat. Commun. 10 5469 Google Scholar
[125]	Fan S, Wang D, Cheng J, Liu Y, Luo T, Cui D, Ke Y, Song J 2020 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59 12991 Google Scholar
[126]	Wickham S F J, Bath J, Katsuda Y, Endo M, Hidaka K, Sugiyama H, Turberfield A J 2012 Nat. Nanotechnol. 7 169 Google Scholar
[127]	Clelland C T, Risca V, Bancroft C 1999 Nature 399 533 Google Scholar
[128]	Song J, Li Z, Wang P, Meyer T, Mao C, Ke Y 2017 Science 357 eaan3377 Google Scholar

[1]	Wang Kang-Ying, Ma Cai-Yuan, Yu Hui-Min, Zhang Hai-Tao, Cen Jian-Yong, Wang Ying-Ying, Pan Jun-Xing, Zhang Jin-Jun. The self-assembly behavior of polymer/nanorods hybrid system under oscillation field. Acta Physica Sinica, 2023, 72(7): 079401. doi: 10.7498/aps.72.20222207
[2]	Liu Zi-Yuan, Pan Jin-Bo, Zhang Yu-Yang, Du Shi-Xuan. First principles calculation of two-dimensional materials at an atomic scale. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(2): 027301. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20201636
[3]	Zhong Xiao-Yan, Li Zhuo. Atomic scale characterization of three-dimensional structure, magnetic properties and dynamic evolutions of materials by transmission electron microscopy. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(6): 066801. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20202072
[4]	Fan Hong-Jian, Li Jiang, Wang Li-Hua, Fan Chun-Hai, Liu Hua-Jie. Constructions of iron atoms arrays based on DNA origami templates for cryptography applications. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(6): 068702. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20201438
[5]	Zhao Xian-Tuo, Xu Lin-Lin, Tian Yue, Jiao An-Xin, Ma Hui, Zhang Meng-Ya, Cui Qing-Qiang. Self-assembled CuS porous grade sub-nanoflowers as efficient nano-adsorbents for adsorption/self-deposition characteristics research. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(22): 226101. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20211152
[6]	Dai Li-Zhi, Hu Xiao-Xue, Liu Peng, Tian Ye. DNA origami mediated precise fabrication of nanostructures in multi scales. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(6): 068201. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20201689
[7]	Zhan Hai-Yang, Xing Fei, Zhang Li. Analysis of optical measurement precision limit for close-to-atomic scale manufacturing. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(6): 060703. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20201924
[8]	Guo Qin-Min, Qin Zhi-Hui. Development and application of vapor deposition technology in atomic manufacturing. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(2): 028101. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20201436
[9]	Li Sheng-Kai, Hao Qing, Peng Tian-Huan, Chen Zhuo, Tan Wei-Hong. Nucleic acid-metal complex and its application in atomic-scale manufacturing. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(2): 028102. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20201430
[10]	Wang Chen-Chao, Wu Tai-Quan, Wang Xin-Yan, Jiang Ying. Structure of NO dimer multilayer on Rh(111). Acta Physica Sinica, 2017, 66(2): 026301. doi: 10.7498/aps.66.026301
[11]	Li Bai, Wu Tai-Quan, Wang Chen-Chao, Jiang Ying. Structure of BP3S monolayer on Au(111). Acta Physica Sinica, 2016, 65(21): 216301. doi: 10.7498/aps.65.216301
[12]	Yu Sen-Jiang. Atomic force microscopy studies on self-organized wrinkles in constrained metallic films deposited on silicone oil substrates. Acta Physica Sinica, 2014, 63(11): 116801. doi: 10.7498/aps.63.116801
[13]	Wu Tai-Quan, Wang Xin-Yan, Jiao Zhi-Wei, Luo Hong-Lei, Zhu Ping. Structure of CO monolayer on Cu(100). Acta Physica Sinica, 2013, 62(18): 186301. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.186301
[14]	Liu Jia, Xu Ling-Ling, Zhang Hai-Lin, Lü Wei, Zhu Lin, Gao Hong, Zhang Xi-Tian. One-step hydrothermal process for self-assembly of zinc oxide nanorods array on Al-doped ZnO nanoplate surface. Acta Physica Sinica, 2012, 61(2): 027802. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.027802
[15]	Zhang Bao-Hua, Guo Fu-Qiang, Sun Yi, Wang Jun-Jun, Li Yan-Qing, Zhi Li-Li. Solvothermal recrystallized synthesis of one-dimensional CdS nanorods self-assembled from nanoparticles. Acta Physica Sinica, 2012, 61(13): 138101. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.138101
[16]	Huang Yuan, Liu Hong, Zhang Qing-Chuan. Detection of the self-assembly of poly-（N-isopropylacrylamide） on gold based on microcantilever sensor. Acta Physica Sinica, 2009, 58(9): 6122-6127. doi: 10.7498/aps.58.6122
[17]	Wang Hao, Zeng Gu-Cheng, Liao Chang-Jun, Cai Ji-Ye, Zheng Shu-Wen, Fan Guang-Han, Chen Yong, Liu Song-Hao. Study on the metamorphosis of InP self-organized islands grown on GaxxIn1-x1-xP buffer layers. Acta Physica Sinica, 2005, 54(4): 1726-1730. doi: 10.7498/aps.54.1726
[18]	Xia A-Gen, Yang Bo, Jin Jin-Sheng, Zhang Yi-Wen, Tang Fan, Ye Gao-Xiang. Ordered structures and self-organized phenomena in Au films deposited on silicone oil surfaces. Acta Physica Sinica, 2005, 54(1): 302-306. doi: 10.7498/aps.54.302
[19]	Yang Hai-Tao, Shen Cheng-Min, Du Shi-Xuan, Su Yi-Kun, Wang Yan-Guo, Wang Yu-Ping, Gao Hong-Jun. Ordered arrays and magnetic properties of cobalt nanoparticles. Acta Physica Sinica, 2003, 52(12): 3114-3119. doi: 10.7498/aps.52.3114
[20]	Shen Cheng-Min, Su Yi-Kun, Yang Hai-Tao, Yang Tian-Zhong, Wang Yu-Ping, Gao Hong-Jun. Self-assembled two-dimensional structure of magnetic cobalt nanocrystals. Acta Physica Sinica, 2003, 52(2): 483-486. doi: 10.7498/aps.52.483

Catalog

Vol. 70, Issue 2 - 2021-01-20

Metrics

Abstract views: 11268
PDF Downloads: 319
Cited By: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

Search

Article

留言板