Effects of oxidation on silicon vacancy photoluminescence and microstructure of separated domain formed nanodiamond films

Chen Long; Chen Cheng-Ke; Li Xiao; Hu Xiao-Jun

doi:10.7498/aps.68.20190422

Abstract

In order to increase the oxidation sites for enhancing the Si-V photoluminescence intensity of nanocrytalline diamond films, we prepare nanocrystalline diamond films; these films each are comprised of separated domains and oxidized for different times. Each single domain consists of nanodiamond grains with a size of larger than 100 nm and amorphous carbon. In the gaps between domains of separated domain there is formed a film that allows more sites to contact air to ensure the efficient oxidation of the film. As a result, silicon vacancy photoluminescence intensity of the separated domain forming the film is largely enhanced by about 22.7 times after oxidation. The SEM images and Raman spectra of oxidized samples show that the film contains flower-shaped diamond aggregates, each of which is comprised of radially arranged diamond grains. The mixture of nanodiamond grains and amorphous carbon fills the gaps between diamond petals. These fillers disappear after long-term oxidation, but the diamond petals stay stable. Raman spectra show that the amount of amorphous carbon largely decreases after oxidation, while diamond content apparently rises. Hydrogen is desorbed from the film after short-time oxidation according to Raman spectra, thus the quenching effect on silicon vacancy photoluminescence caused by hydrogen termination of diamond surface state is removed. Diamond petals of large size and nanodiamond grains in the fillers are both silicon vacancy photoluminescence sources of the film; the exposed diamond flats on the surface of unoxidized domains provide limited silicon vacancy photoluminescence for the film. The sufficient exposure of diamond grains after the removal of amorphous carbon leads to the significant enhancement of film’s silicon vacancy photoluminescence. With longer-time oxidation, the photoluminescence of film will slightly decrease due to the disappearance of small-sized nanodiamond grains, but the film photoluminescence almost remains stable in both intensity and property due to the stability of large-sized diamond grains. The film after 140-min oxidation remains photoluminescence enhancement, 8.3 times the photoluminescence of the unoxidized sample. The full width at half maximum of photoluminescence peak declines to merely 5.6－6.0 nm because of diamond petals’ high degree of order, which is advantageous for diamond silicon vacancy photoluminescence.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China

Corresponding author: Hu Xiao-Jun, huxj@zjut.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11504325, 50972129, 50602039), Joint Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. U1809210), the International Science Technology Cooperation Program of China (Grant No. 2014DFR51160), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFE0133200), the One Belt and One Road International Cooperation Project from Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province, China (Grant No. 2018C04021), and Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China (Grant Nos. LQ15A040004, LY18E020013).

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References

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Cited By

图 1 单颗粒层纳米晶金刚石薄膜的表面形貌　(a) OX-0; (b) OX-0; (c) OX-30; (d) OX-30; (e) OX-40; (f) OX-40; (g) OX-130; (h) OX-130; (i) OX-140; (j) OX-140

Figure 1. Morphology of separated domains formed nanocrystalline diamond film: (a) OX-0; (b) OX-0; (c) OX-30; (d) OX-30; (e) OX-40; (f) OX-40; (g) OX-130; (h) OX-130; (i) OX-140; (j) OX-140.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 (a) 572 nm处的金刚石的一阶斯托克斯线; (b)单颗粒层纳米晶金刚石薄膜的硅空位光致发光谱; (c) 738 nm波长强度与572 nm强度比值随时间变化

Figure 2. (a) Diamond first Stokes line at 572 nm; (b) SiV photoluminescence spectra of separated domains formed nanocrystalline diamond film; (c) photoluminescence intensity ratio of 738 nm emission and 572 nm emission with different oxidation time.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 单颗粒层纳米晶金刚石薄膜的硅空位光致发光mapping　(a) OX-0; (b) OX-30; (c) OX-40; (d) OX-60; (e) OX-130; (f) OX-140

Figure 3. SiV photoluminescence mapping of separated domains formed nanocrystalline diamond film: (a) OX-0; (b) OX-30; (c) OX-40; (d) OX-60; (e) OX-130; (f). OX-140.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 4 单颗粒层纳米晶金刚石薄膜的硅空位光致发光强度及半峰宽

Figure 4. SiV photoluminescence intensity and full width at half maximum (FWHM) values.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 5 (a)不同氧化时间单颗粒层纳米晶金刚石薄膜的拉曼光谱; (b)金刚石含量与I_t-PA/I_SUM和样品氧化时间的关系; (c)金刚石峰位置与半峰宽随氧化时间的变化关系

Figure 5. (a) Raman spectra of variety time oxidized separated domains formed nanocrystalline diamond film; (b) diamond content and I_t-PA/I_SUM of films with their oxidation time; (c) diamond peak position and FWHM values of films with their oxidation time.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

map

[1]	Aharonovich I, Englund D, Toth M 2016 Nat. Photon. 10 631 Google Scholar
[2]	Aharonovich I, Castelletto S, Simpson D A, Su C H, Greentree A D, Prawer S 2011 Rep. Prog. Phys. 740 076501
[3]	Aharonovich I, Neu E 2014 Adv. Opt. Mater. 2 911 Google Scholar
[4]	Schröder T, Mouradian S L, Zheng J, Trusheim M E, Walsh M, Chen E H, Li L, Bayn I, Englund D 2016 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 33 B65 Google Scholar
[5]	Schirhagl R, Chang K, Loretz M, Degen C L 2014 Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 65 83 Google Scholar
[6]	Muller T, Hepp C, Pingault B, Neu E, Gsell S, Schreck M, Sternschulte H, Steinmuller-Nethl D, Becher C, Atature M 2014 Nat. Commun. 5 3328 Google Scholar
[7]	Merson T D, Castelletto S, Aharonovich I, Turbic A, Kilpatrick T J, Turnley A M 2013 Opt. Lett. 38 4170 Google Scholar
[8]	Doherty M W, Manson N B, Delaney P, Jelezko F, Wrachtrup J, Hollenberg L C L 2013 Phys. Rep. 528 1 Google Scholar
[9]	Aharonovich I 2014 Nat. Photon. 8 818 Google Scholar
[10]	Jelezko F, Wrachtrup J 2006 Phys. Status Solidi A 203 3207 Google Scholar
[11]	Rogers L J, Jahnke K D, Teraji T, Marseglia L, Muller C, Naydenov B, Schauffert H, Kranz C, Isoya J, McGuinness L P, Jelezko F 2014 Nat. Commun. 5 4739 Google Scholar
[12]	Neu E, Albrecht R, Fischer M, Gsell S, Schreck M, Becher C 2012 Phys. Rev. B 85 245207 Google Scholar
[13]	Dragounová K, Ižák T, Kromka A, Potůček Z, Bryknar Z, Potocký Š 2018 Appl. Phys. A 124 219
[14]	Hu X J, Ye J S, Liu H J, Shen Y G, Chen X H, Hu H 2011 J. Appl. Phys. 109 053524 Google Scholar
[15]	Klauser F, Steinmüller-Nethl D, Kaindl R, Bertel E, Memmel N 2010 Chem. Vapor Depos. 16 127 Google Scholar
[16]	Lin S C, Yeh C J, Kurian J, Dong C L, Niu H, Leou K C, Lin I N 2014 J. Appl. Phys. 116 183701 Google Scholar
[17]	Wilson J I B, Walton J S, Beamson G 2001 J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 121 183 Google Scholar
[18]	Osswald S, Yushin G, Mochalin V, Kucheyev S O, Gogotsi Y 2006 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128 11635 Google Scholar
[19]	Pu J C, Wang S F, Sung J C 2010 J. Alloy. Compd. 489 638 Google Scholar
[20]	Huang K, Hu X, Xu H, Shen Y, Khomich A 2014 Appl. Surf. Sci. 317 11 Google Scholar
[21]	Mei Y, Fan D, Lu S, Shen Y, Hu X 2016 J. Appl. Phys. 120 225107 Google Scholar
[22]	Nimmagadda R R, Joshi A, Hsu W L 1990 J. Mater. Res. 5 2445 Google Scholar
[23]	Obraztsov A N, Kopylov P G, Chuvilin A L, Savenko N V 2009 Diamond Relat. Mater. 18 1289 Google Scholar
[24]	Zolotukhin A, Kopylov P G, Ismagilov R R, Obraztsov A N 2010 Diamond Relat. Mater. 19 1007 Google Scholar
[25]	Hei L F, Zhao Y, Wei J J, Liu J L, Li C M, Lü F X 2017 Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater. 24 1424 Google Scholar
[26]	Mildren R P, Butler J E, Rabeau J R 2008 Opt. Express 16 18950 Google Scholar
[27]	Reilly S, Savitski V G, Liu H, Gu E, Dawson M D, Kemp A J 2015 Opt. Lett. 40 930 Google Scholar
[28]	Hu X J, Li N 2013 Chin. Phys. Lett. 30 088102 Google Scholar
[29]	Dychalska A, Fabisiak K, Paprocki K, Makowiecki J, Iskaliyeva A, Szybowicz M 2016 Mater. Des. 112 320 Google Scholar
[30]	Prawer S, Nugent K W, Jamieson D N, Orwa J O, Bursill L A, Peng J L 2000 Chem. Phys. Lett. 332 93 Google Scholar
[31]	Prawer S, Nemanich R J 2004 Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A: Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 362 2537 Google Scholar
[32]	Ferrari A C, Robertson J 2000 Phys. Rev. B 61 14095 Google Scholar
[33]	Ferrari A C, Robertson J 2001 Phys. Rev. B 64 075414 Google Scholar
[34]	Ferrari A C, Robertson J 2001 Phys. Rev. B 63 121405 Google Scholar
[35]	Ferrari A C, Robertson J 2004 Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A: Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 362 2477 Google Scholar
[36]	Fecher J, Wormser M, Rosiwal S M 2016 Diamond Relat. Mater. 61 41 Google Scholar
[37]	Sails S R, Gardiner D J, Bowden M, Savage J, Rodway D 1996 Diamond Relat. Mater. 5 589 Google Scholar

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