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Since the discovery of iron-based superconductors in 2008, it has been a hot topic to research the pairing mechanism of superconductivity. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) can be used to detect the electronic information in nano-scale, hence, it is an important tool to do research on superconductivity. In recent 10 years, many valuable works have been carried out by STM in iron-based superconductors. In this paper, we try to make a brief introduction of the STM works in iron-based superconductors. Since the iron-based superconductors have multiple bands and superconducting gaps, the Fermi surface topology can change significantly among different materials. There are some evidences to prove a nodeless s-wave pairing in the optimally-doped iron-based superconductors with both electron and hole pockets by STM experiments. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that FeSe-based materials with only electron pockets also have a sign-change order parameter, which provides a robust evidence for the unified picture of the electron pairing in iron-based superconductors. Besides, STM experiments provide fruitful information about the novel electronic properties including the electronic nematicity, shallow band effect, and possible topological superconductivity. Finally, we also give perspectives about the STM studies in iron based superconductors.
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Keywords:
- iron-based superconductors /
- scanning tunneling microscopy /
- unconventional superconductivity
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[2] McMillan W L 1967 Phys. Rev. 167 331
[3] Wen H H, Li S L 2011 Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 2 121
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[5] Chubukov A 2012 Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 3 57
[6] Chen X, Dai P, Feng D, Xiang T, Zhang F C 2014 Nat. Sci. Rev. 1 371
[7] Hoffman J E 2011 Rep. Prog. Phys. 74 124513
[8] He S, He J, Zhang W, Zhao L, Liu D, Liu X, Mou D, Ou Y B, Wang Q Y, Li Z, Wang L, Peng Y, Liu Y, Chen C, Yu L, Liu G, Dong X, Zhang J, Chen C, Xu Z, Chen X, Ma X, Xue Q, Zhou X J 2013 Nat. Mater. 12 605
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[21] Anderson P W 1959 J. Phys. Chem. Solids 11 26
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[56] Chen M Y, Chen X Y, Yang H, Du Z Y, Zhu X Y, Wang E Y, Wen H H 2018 Nat. Commun. 9 970
[57] Lubashevsky Y, Lahoud E, Chashka K, Podolsky D, Kanigel A 2012 Nat. Phys. 8 309
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[60] Qi X L, Zhang S C 2011 Rev. Mod. Phys. 83 1057
[61] Ando Y, Fu L 2015 Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 6 361
[62] Xu J P, Wang M X, Liu Z L, Ge J F, Yang X, Liu C, Xu Z A, Guan D, Gao C L, Qian D, Liu Y, Wang Q H, Zhang F C, Xue Q K, Jia J F 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 017001
[63] Wang H, Wang H, Liu H, Lu H, Yang W, Jia S, Liu X J, Xie X C, Wei J, Wang J 2016 Nat. Mater. 15 38
[64] Wang Z J, Zhang P, Xu G, Zeng L K, Miao H, Xu X Y, Qian T, Weng H M, Richard P, Fedorov A V, Ding H, Dai X, Fang Z 2015 Phys. Rev. B 92 115119
[65] Wu X X, Qin S, Liang Y, Fan H, Hu J 2016 Phys. Rev. B 93 115129
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