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Focusing white laser into samples, many colorful rings (coherent rainbows) come out. Such phenomena have been observed in many materials like water, acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol, soft drink and other liquids, and ice, colored glass, plastics, wax and other solids. From the center of the coherent rainbows to the outer side, the distance between neighboring rings becomes larger and larger. The coherent rainbow is an interference effect, whose optical path difference is induced by locally heating the material with the laser beam. Especially, the coherent rainbows from colored glass in reflection mode can be described with a simple formula, with which simulated results fit the observed interference pattern very well. Several possible mechanisms like nonlinear optical effect, thermal lens effect and self-phase modulation effect are excluded.
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Keywords:
- coherent interference /
- self-phase modulation /
- thermal lens effect /
- optical nonlinear effect
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[1] Born M, Wolf E (translated by Yang J S et al.) 2005 Elements of the Theory of Interference and Interferometers in Principles of Optics (Beijing: Electronics Industry Press) p268 (in Chinese) [玻恩M, 沃耳夫E 著(杨葭荪 等 译) 2005 光学原理: 光的传播、干涉和衍射的电磁理论(上册) (北京:电子工业出版社) 第268页]
[2] Durbin S D, Arakelian S M, Shen Y R 1981 Opt. Lett. 6 411
[3] He K X, Abeleldayem H, Sekhar P C, Venkateswarlu P, George M C 1991 Opt. Commun. 81 101
[4] Sarkisov S S, Curley M J, Fields A 2003 Proc. SPIE 5212 193
[5] Mathews S J, Kumar S C, Giribabu L, Rao S V 2007 Opt. Commun. 280 206
[6] Karimzadeh R 2012 J. Opt. 14 095701
[7] Pu S L, Yao L F, Guan F F, Liu M 2009 Opt. Coummun. 282 908
[8] Wu R, Zhang Y L, Yan S C, Bian F, Wang W L, Bai X D, Lu X H, Zhao J M, Wang E G 2011 Nano Lett. 11 5159
[9] Shi B X, Miao L L, Wang Q K, Du J, Tang P H, Liu J, Zhao C J, Wen S C 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 107 151101
[10] Wu Y L, Wu Q, Sun F, Cheng C, Meng S, Zhao J M 2015 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 112 11800
[11] Zhang J D, Yu X F, Han W J, L B S, Li X H, Xiao S, Gao Y L, He J 2016 Opt. Lett. 41 1704
[12] Li X H, Liu R K, Xie H H, Zhang Y, L B S, Wang P, Wang J H, Fan Q, Ma Y, Tao S H, Xiao S, Yu X F, Gao Y L, He J 2017 Opt. Express 25 18346
[13] Wang Y N, Tang Y J, Cheng P H, Zhou X F, Zhu Z, Liu Z P, Liu D, Wang Z M, Bao J M 2017 Nanoscale 9 3547
[14] Wu L M, Xie Z J, Lu L, Zhao J L, Wang Y Z, Jiang X T, Ge Y Q, Zhang F, Lu S B, Guo Z N, Liu J, Xiang Y J, Xu S X, Li J Q, Fan D Y, Zhang H 2018 Adv. Opt. Mater. 6 1700985
[15] Wang X, Yan Y F, Cheng H, Wang Y H, Han J B 2018 Mater. Lett. 214 247
[16] Kadhum A J, Hussein N A, Hassan Q M A, Sultan H A, Al-Asadi A S, Emshary C A 2018 Optik 157 540
[17] Jiang Y Q, Ma Y, Fan Z Y, Wang P, Li X H, Zhang Y, Shen J Q, Wang G, Yang Z J, Xiao S, Gao Y L, He J 2018 Opt. Lett. 43 523
[18] Zhang Q, Cheng X M, He B, Ren Z Y, Zhang Y, Chen H W, Bai J T 2018 Opt. Laser Technol. 102 140
[19] Du W C, Liu S H 1993 Opt. Commun. 98 117
[20] Yang X Q, Qi S W, Chen K, Zhang C P, Tian J G, Wu Q 2005 Opt. Mater. 27 1358
[21] al-Ahmad A Y, al-Mudhaffer M F, Badran H A, Emshary C A 2013 Opt. Laser Technol. 54 72
[22] Sun T J, Shang Y X, Qian X, Ji Y 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 034205 (in Chinese) [孙天娇, 尚雅轩, 钱轩, 姬扬 2018 67 034205]
[23] Sun T J, Qian X, Shang Y X, Liu J, Wang K Y, Ji Y 2018 Sci. Bull. 63 531
[24] Karimzadeh R 2013 Opt. Commun. 286 329
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