First-principle study of structure stability and electronic structures of  graphyne derivatives

Chen Xian; Cheng Mei-Juan; Wu Shun-Qing; Zhu Zi-Zhong

doi:10.7498/aps.66.107102

Abstract

A new carbon allotropegraphyne has attracted a lot of attention in the field of material sciences and condensed-matter physics due to its unique structure and excellent electronic, optical and mechanical properties. First-principles calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) are performed to investigate the structures, energetic stabilities and electronic structures of -graphyne derivatives ( -N). The studied -graphyne derivative consists of hexagon carbon rings connected by onedimensional carbon chains with various numbers of carbon atoms (N=1-6) on the chain. The calculation results show that the parity of number of carbon atoms on the carbon chains has a great influence on the structural configuration, the structural stability and the electronic property of the system. The -graphyne derivatives with odd-numbered carbon chains possess continuous CC double bonds, energetically less stable than those with even-numbered carbon chains which have alternating single and triple CC bonds. The electronic structure calculations indicate that -graphyne derivatives can be either metallic (when N is odd) or direct band gap semiconducting (when N is even). The existence of direct band gap can promote the efficient conversion of photoelectric energy, which indicates the advantage of -graphyne in the optoelectronic device. The band gaps of -2, 4, 6 are between 0.94 eV and 0.84 eV, the gap decreases with the number of triple CC bonds increasing, and increases with the augment of length of carbon chains in -2, 4, 6. Our first-principles studies show that introducing carbon chains between the hexagon carbon rings of graphene gives us a method to switch between metallic and semiconducting electronic structures by tuning the number of carbon atoms on the chains and provides a theoretical basis for designing and preparing the tunable s-p hybridized two-dimensional materials and nanoelectronic devices based on carbon atoms.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
Department of Physics, Semiconductor Optoelectronic Material and High Efficiency Conversion Device Collaborative Innovation Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China

Corresponding author: Zhu Zi-Zhong, zzhu@xmu.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (Grant Nos. 2016YFA0202601, 2016YFB0901502).

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[49]	Gui G, Li J, Zhong J 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 075435
[50]	Pereira V M, Castro Neto A H, Peres N M R 2009 Phys. Rev. B 80 045401
[51]	Ni Z H, Yu T, Lu Y H, Wang Y Y, Feng Y P, Shen Z X 2008 ACS Nano 2 2301
[52]	Schirber M 2012 Physics 5 24
[53]	Kresse G, Furthmuller J 1996 Comput. Mater. Sci. 6 15
[54]	Blochl P E 1994 Phys. Rev. B 50 17953
[55]	Perdew J P, Burke K, Ernzerhof M 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 3865
[56]	Monkhorst H J, Pack J D 1976 Phys. Rev. B 13 5188
[57]	Lee S H, Chung H J, Heo J, Yang H, Shin J, Chung U I, Seo S 2011 ACS Nano 5 2964
[58]	Peierls R E 1955 Quantum Theory of Solids (Clarendon: Oxford) p108

Cited By

[1]	Kroto H W, Heath J R, O'Brien S C, Curl R F, Smalley R E 1985 Nature 318 162
[2]	Iijima S 1991 Nature 354 56
[3]	Novoselov K S, Geim A K, Morozov S V, Jiang D, Zhang Y, Dubonos S V, Grigorieva I V, Firsov A A 2004 Science 306 666
[4]	Castro Neto A H, Guinea F, Peres N M R, Novoselov K S, Geim A K 2009 Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 109
[5]	Li X, Wang X, Zhang L, Lee S, Dai H 2008 Science 319 1229
[6]	Kong X Y, Ding Y, Yang R, Wang Z L 2004 Science 303 1348
[7]	Chuvilin A, Meyer J C, Algara-Siller G, Kaiser U 2009 New J. Phys. 11 083019
[8]	Jin C H, Lan H P, Peng L M, Suenaga K, Iijima S 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 205501
[9]	Fan X F, Liu L, Lin J Y, Shen Z X, Kuo J L 2009 ACS Nano 3 3788
[10]	Liu M J, Artyukhov V I, Lee H, Xu F B, Yakobson B I 2013 ACS Nano 7 10075
[11]	Liu Y, Jones R O, Zhao X L, Ando Y 2003 Phys. Rev. B 68 125413
[12]	Zhao X L, Ando Y, Liu Y, Jinno M, Suzuki T 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 187401
[13]	Cao R G, Wang Y, Lin Z Z, Ming C, Zhuang J, Ning X J 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 6438 (in Chinese) [曹荣根, 王音, 林正喆, 明辰, 庄军, 宁西京 2010 59 6438]
[14]	Qiu M, Zhang Z H, Deng X Q 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 4162 (in Chinese) [邱明, 张振华, 邓小清 2010 59 4162]
[15]	Novoselov K S, Geim A K, Morozov S V, Jiang D, Zhang Y, Dubonos S V, Grigorieva I V, Firsov A A 2004 Science 306 666
[16]	Balandin A A, Ghosh S, Bao W Z, Calizo I, Teweldebrhan D, Miao F, Lau C N 2008 Nano Lett. 8 902
[17]	Chen J H, Jang C, Xiao S D, Ishigami M, Fuhrer M S 2008 Nanotechnology 3 206
[18]	Lin Y M, Dimitrakopoulos C, Jenkins K A, Farmer D B, Chiu H Y, Grill A, Avouris P 2010 Science 327 662
[19]	Sun M L, Tang W C, Ren Q Q, Zhao Y M, Du Y H, Yu J, Du Y H, Hao Y T 2016 Physica E 80 142
[20]	Wang S K, Wang J 2015 Phys. Rev. B 92 075419
[21]	Narita N, Nagai S, Suzuki S, Nakao K 1998 Phys. Rev. B 58 11009
[22]	Kang J, Li J, Wu F, Li S S, Xia J B 2011 J. Phys. Chem. C 115 20466
[23]	Srinivasu K, Ghosh S K 2012 J. Phys. Chem. C 116 5951
[24]	Baughman R H, Eckhardt H, Kertesz M 1987 J. Chem. Phys. 87 6687
[25]	Coluci V R, Braga S F, Legoas S B, Galvao D S, Baughman R H 2004 Nanotechnology 15 S142
[26]	Falcao E H L, Wudl F 2007 J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 82 524
[27]	Hirsch A 2010 Nat. Mater. 9 868
[28]	Enyashin A N, Ivanovskii A L 2011 Phys. Status Solidi B 248 1879
[29]	Malko D, Neiss C, Vines F, Gorling A 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 086804
[30]	Li G X, Li Y L, Liu H B, Guo Y B, Li Y J, Zhu D B 2010 Chem. Commun. 46 3256
[31]	Zhang H, Zhao M, He X, Wang Z, Zhang X, Liu X 2011 J. Phys. Chem. C 115 8845
[32]	Srinivasu K, Ghosh S K 2012 J. Phys. Chem. C 116 5951
[33]	Li C, Li J, Wu F, Li S S, Xia J B, Wang L W 2011 J. Phys. Chem. C 115 23221
[34]	Jang B, Koo J, Park M, Lee H, Nam J, Kwon Y, Lee H 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 263904
[35]	Hwang H J, Koo J, Park M, Park N, Kwon Y, Lee H 2013 J. Phys. Chem. C 117 6919
[36]	Zhao W H, Yuan L F, Yang J L 2012 Chin. J. Chem. Phys. 25 434
[37]	Lin S C, Buehler M 2013 J. Nanoscale 5 11801
[38]	Novoselov K S, Jiang D, Schedin F, et al. 2005 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102 10451
[39]	Ma Y, Dai Y, Guo M, Huang B 2012 Phys. Rev. B 85 235448
[40]	Brumfel G 2009 Nature 458 390
[41]	Kaloni T P, Cheng Y C, Schwingenschloegl U 2012 J. Mater. Chem. 22 919
[42]	Elias D C, Nair R R, Mohiuddin T M, et al. 2009 Science 323 610
[43]	Singh A K, Yakobson B I 2009 Nano Lett. 9 1540
[44]	Balog R, Jorgensen B, Nilsson L, et al. 2010 Nat. Mater. 9 315
[45]	Ma Y, Dai Y, Guo M, Niu C, Zhang Z, Huang B 2012 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 14 3651
[46]	Burgess J S, Matis B R, Robinson J T, et al. 2011 Carbon 49 4420
[47]	Castellanos-Gomez A, Wojtaszek M, Arramel, Tombros N, van Wees B J 2012 Small 8 1607
[48]	Cocco G, Cadelano E, Colombo L 2010 Phys. Rev. B 81 241412
[49]	Gui G, Li J, Zhong J 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 075435
[50]	Pereira V M, Castro Neto A H, Peres N M R 2009 Phys. Rev. B 80 045401
[51]	Ni Z H, Yu T, Lu Y H, Wang Y Y, Feng Y P, Shen Z X 2008 ACS Nano 2 2301
[52]	Schirber M 2012 Physics 5 24
[53]	Kresse G, Furthmuller J 1996 Comput. Mater. Sci. 6 15
[54]	Blochl P E 1994 Phys. Rev. B 50 17953
[55]	Perdew J P, Burke K, Ernzerhof M 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 3865
[56]	Monkhorst H J, Pack J D 1976 Phys. Rev. B 13 5188
[57]	Lee S H, Chung H J, Heo J, Yang H, Shin J, Chung U I, Seo S 2011 ACS Nano 5 2964
[58]	Peierls R E 1955 Quantum Theory of Solids (Clarendon: Oxford) p108

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Vol. 66, Issue 10 - 2017-05-20

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