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Many studies have shown that the photonic crystals and surface nanostructures can improve the light extraction efficiency of light emitting diode (LED). The defects and disorders exist in photonic crystals inevitably as the manufacturing technology limitations, and so the light extraction efficiency of LED will be changed correspondingly. In this work we perform a simulation study on defects and disorder of photonic crystals by the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and we speed up the FDTD by GPU acceleration technology. Simulation results show that a small number of defects in photonic crystals LED do not reduce the LED light extraction efficiency. Instead, the light extraction efficiency of LED will be increased by adding some defects into the photonic crystals. We give a detailed analysis of its physical mechanism. We design a kind of photonic crystals with defects, and its light extraction efficiency achieves 1.6 times that of the perfect photonic crystals.
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Keywords:
- light emitting diode /
- photonic crystals /
- light extraction efficiency /
- finite-difference time-domain
[1] Schubert E F, Kim J K 2005 Science 308 1274
[2] Yeh D M, Huang C F, Chen C Y, Lu Y C, Yang C C 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 91 171103
[3] Chen Y X, Zheng W H, Chen W, Chen L H, Tang Y D, Shen G D 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 8083 (in Chinese) [陈依新, 郑婉华, 陈微, 陈良惠, 汤益丹, 沈光地 2010 59 8083]
[4] David A, Meier C, Sharma R, Diana F S, DenBaars S P, Hu E, Nakamura S, Weisbuch C 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 87 101107
[5] Xing Y H, Han J, Deng J, Li J J, Xu C, Shen G D 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 1233 (in Chinese) [刑艳辉, 韩军, 邓军, 李建军, 徐晨, 沈光地 2010 59 1233]
[6] Li S Q, Wang L, Han Y J, Luo Y, Deng H Q, Qiu J S, Zhang J 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 098107 (in Chinese) [李水清, 汪莱, 韩彦军, 罗毅, 邓和清, 丘建生, 张洁 2011 60 098107]
[7] Kim J Y, Kwon M K, Lee K S, Park S J, Kim S H, Lee K D 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 91 181109
[8] Yariv A, Yeh P (Translated by Chen H M) 2009 Photonics-Optical Electronics in Modern Communications (Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry) pp487-488 (in Chinese) [亚里夫, 耶赫 (陈鹤鸣译) 2009 光子学——现代通信光电子学 (北京:电子工业出版社) 第487-488页]
[9] David A 2006 Ph. D. Dissertation (Santa Barbara: University of California)
[10] Berenger J P 1994 Comput.Phys. 114 185
[11] Zhang B 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 5677 (in Chinese) [张波 2005 54 5677]
[12] David A, Fujii T, Sharma R, McGroddy K, Nakamura S, DenBaars S P, Hu E L, Weisbuch C, Benisty H 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 061124
[13] Liu S B, Zhu C X, Yuan N C 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 2804 (in Chinese) [刘少斌, 朱传喜, 袁乃昌 2005 54 2804]
[14] Wiesmann C 2009 Ph. D. Dissertation (Regensburg: Regensburg Universität,)
[15] Fujita M, Takahashi S, Tanaka Y, Asano T, Noda S 2005 Science 308 1296
[16] Rattier M, Benisty H, Stanley R P, Carlin J F, Houdré R, Oesterle U, Smith C J M, Weisbuch C, Krauss T F 2002 IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron. 8 238
[17] David A, Fuji T, Matioli E, Sharma R, Nakamura S, DenBaars S P, Weisbuch C 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 073510
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[1] Schubert E F, Kim J K 2005 Science 308 1274
[2] Yeh D M, Huang C F, Chen C Y, Lu Y C, Yang C C 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 91 171103
[3] Chen Y X, Zheng W H, Chen W, Chen L H, Tang Y D, Shen G D 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 8083 (in Chinese) [陈依新, 郑婉华, 陈微, 陈良惠, 汤益丹, 沈光地 2010 59 8083]
[4] David A, Meier C, Sharma R, Diana F S, DenBaars S P, Hu E, Nakamura S, Weisbuch C 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 87 101107
[5] Xing Y H, Han J, Deng J, Li J J, Xu C, Shen G D 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 1233 (in Chinese) [刑艳辉, 韩军, 邓军, 李建军, 徐晨, 沈光地 2010 59 1233]
[6] Li S Q, Wang L, Han Y J, Luo Y, Deng H Q, Qiu J S, Zhang J 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 098107 (in Chinese) [李水清, 汪莱, 韩彦军, 罗毅, 邓和清, 丘建生, 张洁 2011 60 098107]
[7] Kim J Y, Kwon M K, Lee K S, Park S J, Kim S H, Lee K D 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 91 181109
[8] Yariv A, Yeh P (Translated by Chen H M) 2009 Photonics-Optical Electronics in Modern Communications (Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry) pp487-488 (in Chinese) [亚里夫, 耶赫 (陈鹤鸣译) 2009 光子学——现代通信光电子学 (北京:电子工业出版社) 第487-488页]
[9] David A 2006 Ph. D. Dissertation (Santa Barbara: University of California)
[10] Berenger J P 1994 Comput.Phys. 114 185
[11] Zhang B 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 5677 (in Chinese) [张波 2005 54 5677]
[12] David A, Fujii T, Sharma R, McGroddy K, Nakamura S, DenBaars S P, Hu E L, Weisbuch C, Benisty H 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 061124
[13] Liu S B, Zhu C X, Yuan N C 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 2804 (in Chinese) [刘少斌, 朱传喜, 袁乃昌 2005 54 2804]
[14] Wiesmann C 2009 Ph. D. Dissertation (Regensburg: Regensburg Universität,)
[15] Fujita M, Takahashi S, Tanaka Y, Asano T, Noda S 2005 Science 308 1296
[16] Rattier M, Benisty H, Stanley R P, Carlin J F, Houdré R, Oesterle U, Smith C J M, Weisbuch C, Krauss T F 2002 IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron. 8 238
[17] David A, Fuji T, Matioli E, Sharma R, Nakamura S, DenBaars S P, Weisbuch C 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 073510
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