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Physiologic systems generate complex fluctuations in their output signals that reflect the underlying dynamics. In order to detect the effect of circadian rhythm for heart rate variability signals, we apply base-scale entropy method and power spectral analysis to the 24-hour heart rate variability signals. The results show that 1) such profound circadian- and pathologic-dependent changes are accompanied by changes in base-scale entropy and power spectral distribution, but by little changes in approximate entropy; 2) the circadian regulating ability of vagal nerve is clearly decreasing for congestive heart failure subjects; 3) the base-scale entropy is more sensitive than spectral analysis method to distinguishing wake/sleep states and identifying patterns generated from healthy and pathologic states, meanwhile, the base-scale entropy changes reflect corresponding changes in autonomic nerve outflow. With the suppression of vagal tone and dominance of sympathetic tone in congestive heart failure subjects, there are more variabilities in the m-words form π due to the trends in the data. So the higher base-scale entropy belongs to congestive heart failure subjects. With the decrease of sympathetic tone during sleep, the base-scale entropy drops in both healthy and congestive heart failure subjects. Finally, in order to further investigate the effect of series length, we calculate the base-scale entropy for different length series and find that the series length nearly has no influence on the result.
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Keywords:
- heart rate variability /
- base-scale entropy /
- power spectrum /
- circadian rhythm
[1] Ivanov P Ch, Rosenblum M G, Peng C K, Mietus J, Havlin S, Stanley H E, Goldberger A L 1996 Nature 383 323
[2] Ivanov P Ch, Rosenblum M G, Amaral L A N, Struzik Z R, Havlin S, Goldberger A L 1999 Nature 399 461
[3] Bunde A, Havlin S, Kantelhardt J W, Penzel T, Peter J H, Voigt K 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 3736
[4] Tsuji H, Venditti F J, Manders E S, Evans J C, Larson M G, Feldman C L, Levy D 1994 Circulation 90 878
[5] Huikuri H V, Makikallio T H, Peng C K, Goldberger A L, Hintze U, Moller M 2000 Circulation 101 47
[6] Bernaola G P, Ivanov P Ch, Amaral L A N, Stanley H E 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 168105
[7] Kantelhardt J W, Ashkenazy Y, Ivanov P Ch, Bunde A, Havlin S, Penzel T, Peter J H, Stanley H E 2002 Phys. Rev. E 65 051908
[8] Penzel T, Kantelhardt J W, Grote L, Peter J H, Bunde A 2003 IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 50 1143
[9] Ivanov P Ch, Bunde A, Amaral L A N 1999 Europhys. Lett. 48 594
[10] Schumann A Y, Bartsch R P, Penzel T 2010 Sleep 33 943
[11] Schmitt D T, Stein P K, Ivanov P Ch 2009 IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 56 1564
[12] Amaral L A N, Ivanov P Ch, Aoyagi N, Hidaka I, Tomono S, Goldberger A L, Stanley H E, Yamamoto Y 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 6026
[13] Karasik R, Sapir N, Ashkenazy Y 2002 Phys. Rev. E 66 062902
[14] Martinis M, Knezevic A, Krstacis G, Vargovic E 2004 Phys. Rev. E 70 012903
[15] Ho K K L, Moody G B, Peng C K, Mietus J E, Larson M G, Levy D, Goldberger A L, Stanley H E 1997 Circulation 96 842
[16] Daw C S, Finney C E A, Tracy E R 2003 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 74 915
[17] Li J, Ning X B 2006 Phys. Rev. E 73 052902
[18] Huang X L, Cui S Z, Ning X B, Bian C H 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 8160 (in Chinese) [黄晓林, 崔胜忠, 宁新宝, 卞春华 2009 58 8160]
[19] Yan B G, Zhao T T 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 078701 (in Chinese) [严碧歌, 赵婷婷 2011 60 078701]
[20] Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology 1996 Circulation 93 1043
[21] Gary G, Berntson J, Bigger J T 1997 Psychophysiology 34 623
[22] Perakakis P, Joffily M, Taylor M 2009 Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 98 83
[23] Carvalho J L H, Rocha A F, Dos S I 2003 Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 9 2621
[24] Packard N H, Crutchfield J P, Farmer J D, Shaw R S 1980 Phys. Rev. Lett. 45 712
[25] Wessel N, Ziehmann C, Kurths J, Meyerfeldt U, Schirdewan A, Voss A 2000 Phys. Rev. E 61 733
[26] Pincus S M 1991 Nat. Acad. Sci. 88 2297
[27] Mancia G 1993 N. Engl. J. Med. 328 347
[28] Eckberg D L 2003 J. Physiol. 548 339
[29] Hornyak M, Cejnar M, Elam M, Matousek M, Wallin B G 1991 Brain 114 1281
[30] Taylor J A, Myers C W, Halliwill J R, Seidel H, Eckberg D L 2001 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Corc. Physiol. 280 H2804
[31] Ivanov P Ch, Chen Z, Hu K 2004 Physica A 344 685
[32] Ivanov P Ch 2007 IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine 26 33
[33] Ivanov P Ch, Hu K, Hilton M F 2007 Proceedings of The National Academy of The United States of America 104 20702
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[1] Ivanov P Ch, Rosenblum M G, Peng C K, Mietus J, Havlin S, Stanley H E, Goldberger A L 1996 Nature 383 323
[2] Ivanov P Ch, Rosenblum M G, Amaral L A N, Struzik Z R, Havlin S, Goldberger A L 1999 Nature 399 461
[3] Bunde A, Havlin S, Kantelhardt J W, Penzel T, Peter J H, Voigt K 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 3736
[4] Tsuji H, Venditti F J, Manders E S, Evans J C, Larson M G, Feldman C L, Levy D 1994 Circulation 90 878
[5] Huikuri H V, Makikallio T H, Peng C K, Goldberger A L, Hintze U, Moller M 2000 Circulation 101 47
[6] Bernaola G P, Ivanov P Ch, Amaral L A N, Stanley H E 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 168105
[7] Kantelhardt J W, Ashkenazy Y, Ivanov P Ch, Bunde A, Havlin S, Penzel T, Peter J H, Stanley H E 2002 Phys. Rev. E 65 051908
[8] Penzel T, Kantelhardt J W, Grote L, Peter J H, Bunde A 2003 IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 50 1143
[9] Ivanov P Ch, Bunde A, Amaral L A N 1999 Europhys. Lett. 48 594
[10] Schumann A Y, Bartsch R P, Penzel T 2010 Sleep 33 943
[11] Schmitt D T, Stein P K, Ivanov P Ch 2009 IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 56 1564
[12] Amaral L A N, Ivanov P Ch, Aoyagi N, Hidaka I, Tomono S, Goldberger A L, Stanley H E, Yamamoto Y 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 6026
[13] Karasik R, Sapir N, Ashkenazy Y 2002 Phys. Rev. E 66 062902
[14] Martinis M, Knezevic A, Krstacis G, Vargovic E 2004 Phys. Rev. E 70 012903
[15] Ho K K L, Moody G B, Peng C K, Mietus J E, Larson M G, Levy D, Goldberger A L, Stanley H E 1997 Circulation 96 842
[16] Daw C S, Finney C E A, Tracy E R 2003 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 74 915
[17] Li J, Ning X B 2006 Phys. Rev. E 73 052902
[18] Huang X L, Cui S Z, Ning X B, Bian C H 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 8160 (in Chinese) [黄晓林, 崔胜忠, 宁新宝, 卞春华 2009 58 8160]
[19] Yan B G, Zhao T T 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 078701 (in Chinese) [严碧歌, 赵婷婷 2011 60 078701]
[20] Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology 1996 Circulation 93 1043
[21] Gary G, Berntson J, Bigger J T 1997 Psychophysiology 34 623
[22] Perakakis P, Joffily M, Taylor M 2009 Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 98 83
[23] Carvalho J L H, Rocha A F, Dos S I 2003 Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 9 2621
[24] Packard N H, Crutchfield J P, Farmer J D, Shaw R S 1980 Phys. Rev. Lett. 45 712
[25] Wessel N, Ziehmann C, Kurths J, Meyerfeldt U, Schirdewan A, Voss A 2000 Phys. Rev. E 61 733
[26] Pincus S M 1991 Nat. Acad. Sci. 88 2297
[27] Mancia G 1993 N. Engl. J. Med. 328 347
[28] Eckberg D L 2003 J. Physiol. 548 339
[29] Hornyak M, Cejnar M, Elam M, Matousek M, Wallin B G 1991 Brain 114 1281
[30] Taylor J A, Myers C W, Halliwill J R, Seidel H, Eckberg D L 2001 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Corc. Physiol. 280 H2804
[31] Ivanov P Ch, Chen Z, Hu K 2004 Physica A 344 685
[32] Ivanov P Ch 2007 IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine 26 33
[33] Ivanov P Ch, Hu K, Hilton M F 2007 Proceedings of The National Academy of The United States of America 104 20702
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