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Simulations and analyses of ultra-short ultra-intense laser propagting in plasmas with uniform and parabolic density profiles, as well as the electron injection into the wake field and the electron spectra in the stable transmission state are performed by using a particle-in-cell code. Fixing the incident laser focal spot size but changing the plasma density in a range of (0.42)1019/cm3, comparative analyses are carried out of the evolutions of the laser beam spot during the propagation of the laser pulse in the plasmas with aforementioned two density profiles, with the normalized laser intensity ranging from 1 to 6. The results show that a plasma channel with a parabolic density profile can realize a good guiding of an ultra-short ultra-intense pulse, which is beneficial for high energy electron acceleration. However, at higher densities, self-guiding can be realized by relativistic self-focusing in uniform plasma, which is conducive to simplifying the experiment and to producing more accelerated electrons.
[1] Monot P, Auguste T, Gibbon P, Jakober F, Mainfray G 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 2953
[2] Esarey E, Sprangle P, Krall J, Ting A 1997 IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 33 1879
[3] Geddes C G R, Toth C, van Tilborg J, Esarey E, Schroeder C B, Bruhwiler D, Nieter C, Cary J, Leemans W P 2004 Nature 431 538
[4] Tang H, Guo H, Liu M W, Chou Y L, Deng D M 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 2170(in Chinese) [唐华, 郭弘,刘明伟, 仇云利, 邓冬梅 2003 52 2170]
[5] Esarey E, Sprangle P 1996 IEEE Trans.Plasma Sci. 24 252
[6] Pukhov A, Meyer-ter-Vehn J 2002 Appl. Phys. B 74 355
[7] Lu W, Tzoufras M, Joshi C, Tsung F S, Mori W B, Vieira J, Fonseca R A, Silva L O 2007 Phys. Rev. S.T. Accel. Beams. 10 061301
[8] Ehrlich Y, Cohen C, Zigler A, Krall J, Sprangle P, Esarey E 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 4186
[9] Hosokai T, Kando M, Dewa H, Kotaki H, Kondo S, Hasegawa N, Nakajima K, Horioka K 2000 Opt. Lett. 25 10
[10] Spence D J, Hooker S M 2000 Phys. Rev. E 63 015401
[11] Milchberg H M, Durfee C G, Mcllrath T J 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 2494
[12] Gaul E W, Le Blanc S P, Rundquist A R, Zgadzaj R, Langhoff H, Downer M C 2000 Appl. Phys. Lett. 77 4112
[13] Thomas A G R, Najmudin Z, Mangles S P D, Murphy C D, Dangor A E, Kamperidis C, Lancaster K L, Mori W B, Norreys P A, Rozmus W, Krushelnick K 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 095004
[14] Lin H, Zha X J, Li R X, Chen L M, Xu Z Z 2006 Phys. Plasmas 13 103105
[15] Esarey E, Schroeder C B, Leemans W P 2009 Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 1229
[16] Schlenvoigt H P, Haupt K, Debus A, Budde F, Jackel O, Pfotenhauer S, Schwoerer H, Rohwer E, Gallacher J G, Brunetti E, Shanks R P, Wiggins S M, Jaroszynski D A 2008 Nat. Phys. 4 130
[17] Glinec Y, Faure J, Dain L L, Darbon S, Hosokai T, Santos J J, Lefebvre E, Rousseau J P, Burgy F, Mercier B, Malka V 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 025003
[18] Nieter C, Cary J R 2004 J. Comput. Phys. 196 448
[19] Dong K G, Gu Y Q, Zhu B, Wu Y C, Cao L F, He Y L, Liu H J, Hong W, Zhou W M, Zhao Z Q, Jiao C Y, Wen X L, Zhang B H, Wang X F 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 8733 (in Chinese) [董克攻, 谷渝秋, 朱斌, 吴玉迟, 曹磊峰, 何颖玲, 刘红杰, 洪伟, 周维民, 赵宗清, 焦春晔, 温贤伦, 张保汉, 王晓方 2010 59 8733]
[20] Faure J, Glinec Y, Pukhov A, Kiselev S, Gordienko S, Lefebvre E, Rousseau J-P, Burgy F, Malka V 2004 Nature 431 541
[21] Leemans W P, Nagler B, Gonsalves A J, Toth Cs, Nakamura K, Geddes C G R, Esarey E, Schroeder C B, Hooker S M 2006 Nat. Phys. 2 696
[22] Ibbotson T P A, Bourgeois N, Rowlands-Rees T P, Caballero L S, Bajlekov S I, Walker P A, Kneip S, Mangles S P D, Nagel S R, Palmer C A J, Delerue N, Doucas G, Urner D, Chekhlov O, Clarke R J, Divall E, Ertel K, Foster P S, Hawkes S J, Hooker C J, Parry B, Rajeev P P, Streeter M J V, Hooker S M 2010 Phys. Rev. S.T. Accel. Beams. 13 031301
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[1] Monot P, Auguste T, Gibbon P, Jakober F, Mainfray G 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 2953
[2] Esarey E, Sprangle P, Krall J, Ting A 1997 IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 33 1879
[3] Geddes C G R, Toth C, van Tilborg J, Esarey E, Schroeder C B, Bruhwiler D, Nieter C, Cary J, Leemans W P 2004 Nature 431 538
[4] Tang H, Guo H, Liu M W, Chou Y L, Deng D M 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 2170(in Chinese) [唐华, 郭弘,刘明伟, 仇云利, 邓冬梅 2003 52 2170]
[5] Esarey E, Sprangle P 1996 IEEE Trans.Plasma Sci. 24 252
[6] Pukhov A, Meyer-ter-Vehn J 2002 Appl. Phys. B 74 355
[7] Lu W, Tzoufras M, Joshi C, Tsung F S, Mori W B, Vieira J, Fonseca R A, Silva L O 2007 Phys. Rev. S.T. Accel. Beams. 10 061301
[8] Ehrlich Y, Cohen C, Zigler A, Krall J, Sprangle P, Esarey E 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 4186
[9] Hosokai T, Kando M, Dewa H, Kotaki H, Kondo S, Hasegawa N, Nakajima K, Horioka K 2000 Opt. Lett. 25 10
[10] Spence D J, Hooker S M 2000 Phys. Rev. E 63 015401
[11] Milchberg H M, Durfee C G, Mcllrath T J 1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 2494
[12] Gaul E W, Le Blanc S P, Rundquist A R, Zgadzaj R, Langhoff H, Downer M C 2000 Appl. Phys. Lett. 77 4112
[13] Thomas A G R, Najmudin Z, Mangles S P D, Murphy C D, Dangor A E, Kamperidis C, Lancaster K L, Mori W B, Norreys P A, Rozmus W, Krushelnick K 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 095004
[14] Lin H, Zha X J, Li R X, Chen L M, Xu Z Z 2006 Phys. Plasmas 13 103105
[15] Esarey E, Schroeder C B, Leemans W P 2009 Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 1229
[16] Schlenvoigt H P, Haupt K, Debus A, Budde F, Jackel O, Pfotenhauer S, Schwoerer H, Rohwer E, Gallacher J G, Brunetti E, Shanks R P, Wiggins S M, Jaroszynski D A 2008 Nat. Phys. 4 130
[17] Glinec Y, Faure J, Dain L L, Darbon S, Hosokai T, Santos J J, Lefebvre E, Rousseau J P, Burgy F, Mercier B, Malka V 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 025003
[18] Nieter C, Cary J R 2004 J. Comput. Phys. 196 448
[19] Dong K G, Gu Y Q, Zhu B, Wu Y C, Cao L F, He Y L, Liu H J, Hong W, Zhou W M, Zhao Z Q, Jiao C Y, Wen X L, Zhang B H, Wang X F 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 8733 (in Chinese) [董克攻, 谷渝秋, 朱斌, 吴玉迟, 曹磊峰, 何颖玲, 刘红杰, 洪伟, 周维民, 赵宗清, 焦春晔, 温贤伦, 张保汉, 王晓方 2010 59 8733]
[20] Faure J, Glinec Y, Pukhov A, Kiselev S, Gordienko S, Lefebvre E, Rousseau J-P, Burgy F, Malka V 2004 Nature 431 541
[21] Leemans W P, Nagler B, Gonsalves A J, Toth Cs, Nakamura K, Geddes C G R, Esarey E, Schroeder C B, Hooker S M 2006 Nat. Phys. 2 696
[22] Ibbotson T P A, Bourgeois N, Rowlands-Rees T P, Caballero L S, Bajlekov S I, Walker P A, Kneip S, Mangles S P D, Nagel S R, Palmer C A J, Delerue N, Doucas G, Urner D, Chekhlov O, Clarke R J, Divall E, Ertel K, Foster P S, Hawkes S J, Hooker C J, Parry B, Rajeev P P, Streeter M J V, Hooker S M 2010 Phys. Rev. S.T. Accel. Beams. 13 031301
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