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This work measured mass flux of a granular sample (glass beads) discharged from an inclined orifice for various inclination angles and orifice diameters. It is found that irrespective the orifice sizes, the fluxes all vary linearly with cosine of the inclination angle,and the linearly extrapolated angle of zero-flux,namely the critical angle of flow ceasing, increases linearly with ratio between grain and orifice diameter, tends to the angle of repose in the limit of infinite orifice diameter within an approximation of the Bagnold angle. The results show that the flux formula varying linearly with cosine of inclination angle is capable to reveal behaviors of the critical ceasing angle, a property that the Beverloo formula of which parameters vary with cosine of inclination angle can not describe.
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Keywords:
- granular matter /
- inclined orifice flow /
- Beverloo formula
[1] Nedderman R M 1992 Statics and Kinematics of Granular Materials (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
[2] Lu K Q, Liu J X 2004 Physics 33 713 (in Chinese) [陆坤权、刘寄星 2004 物理 33 713]
[3] Beverloo W A, Lenginer H A, van de Velde J 1961 Chem. Eng. Sci. 15 260
[4] Peng Z, Zheng H P, Jiang Y M 2009 arXiv: 0908.0258v3
[5] Sheldon H G, Durian D J 2010 Granular Matter 12 579
[6] Hou M, Chen W, Zhang T, Lu K, Chan C 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 204301
[7] Zhong J, Peng Z, Wu Y, Shi Q, Lu K, Hou M 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 6691(in Chinese)[钟 杰、彭 政、吴耀宇、史庆藩、陆坤权、厚美瑛 2006 55 6691]
[8] To K, Lai P K, Pak H K 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 71
[9] Kerner B S, Rehborn H 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 4030
[10] Appert-Rolland C, Chevoir F, Gondret P 2009 Traffic and Granular flow’07 (Heidelberg: Springer)
[11] Tang X, Zhang X, Lu K 2004 Traffic and Granular flow (Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press)(in Chinese)[唐孝威、张训生、陆坤权 2004 交通流与颗粒流 (杭州:浙江大学出版社)]
[12] Nagel S R 1992 Rev. Mod. Phys.64 321
[13] Kong W, Hu L, Zhang X, Yue G 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 411(in Chinese)[孔维姝、胡 林、张兴刚、 岳国联 2010 59 411]
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[1] Nedderman R M 1992 Statics and Kinematics of Granular Materials (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
[2] Lu K Q, Liu J X 2004 Physics 33 713 (in Chinese) [陆坤权、刘寄星 2004 物理 33 713]
[3] Beverloo W A, Lenginer H A, van de Velde J 1961 Chem. Eng. Sci. 15 260
[4] Peng Z, Zheng H P, Jiang Y M 2009 arXiv: 0908.0258v3
[5] Sheldon H G, Durian D J 2010 Granular Matter 12 579
[6] Hou M, Chen W, Zhang T, Lu K, Chan C 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 204301
[7] Zhong J, Peng Z, Wu Y, Shi Q, Lu K, Hou M 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 6691(in Chinese)[钟 杰、彭 政、吴耀宇、史庆藩、陆坤权、厚美瑛 2006 55 6691]
[8] To K, Lai P K, Pak H K 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 71
[9] Kerner B S, Rehborn H 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 4030
[10] Appert-Rolland C, Chevoir F, Gondret P 2009 Traffic and Granular flow’07 (Heidelberg: Springer)
[11] Tang X, Zhang X, Lu K 2004 Traffic and Granular flow (Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press)(in Chinese)[唐孝威、张训生、陆坤权 2004 交通流与颗粒流 (杭州:浙江大学出版社)]
[12] Nagel S R 1992 Rev. Mod. Phys.64 321
[13] Kong W, Hu L, Zhang X, Yue G 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 411(in Chinese)[孔维姝、胡 林、张兴刚、 岳国联 2010 59 411]
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