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Computer simulations are performed to investigate the effect of opening angle on dilute-dense flow transition in a two-dimensional granular flow. Two methods, i.e. the fixed inflow rate and the fixed particle number, are adopted. Both results show that larger opening angle results in an increase of maximum outflow rate in dilute-dense flow transition when the opening angle is larger than zero. When granular flow keeps a dilute flow, the outflow rate is irrelative with the opening angle. When the flow becomes a dense flow, the dense flow rate inereases with opening angle increasing. Further studies show that the granules flow out with a higher velocity when the opening angle increases. The linear relationship between maximum outflow rate and granule flow velocity is observed.
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Keywords:
- granular matter /
- granular flow /
- molecular dynamics simulations
[1] Aranson I S, Tsimring L S 2006 Rev. Mod. Phys. 78 641
[2] Lu K Q, Liu J X 2004 Phys. 33 629(in Chinese)[陆坤权、刘寄星 2004 物理33 629]
[3] Lu K Q, Liu J X 2004 Phys. 33 713(in Chinese)[陆坤权、刘寄星 2004 物理33 713]
[4] Boudet J F, Amarouchene Y, Kellay H 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 254503
[5] Meier S W, Barreiro D A M, Ottino J M, Lueptow R M 2008 Nature Phys. 4 244
[6] Tang X W, Zhang X S, Lu K Q, 2004 Taffic Flow and Granular Flow (Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press) (in Chinese) [唐孝威、张训生、陆坤权 2004 交通流与颗粒流(杭州:浙江大学出版社)]
[7] Helbing D 2001 Rev. Mod. Phys. 73 1067
[8] Bursik M, Patra A, Pitman E B, Nichita C, Macias J L, Saucedo R, Girina O 2005 Rep. Pro. Phys. 68 271
[9] Li Q D, DongL Y, Dai S Q 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 7584(in Chinese) [李庆定、董力耘、戴世强 2009 58 7584]
[10] Kumaran V 2009 Phys. Rev. E 79 11301
[11] Tewari S, Tithi B, Ferguson A, Chakraborty B 2009 Phys. Rev. E 79 11303
[12] Khain E, Meerson B, Saaorov P 2008 Phys. Rev. E 78 41303
[13] Drozd J J, Denniston C 2008 Phys. Rev. E 78 41304
[14] Mankoc C, Garcimartin A, Zuriguel I, Maza D, Pugnalni L A 2009 Phys. Rev. E 80 11309
[15] Janda A, Zuriguel I, Garcimartin A, Pugnalni L A, Maza D 2008 Europhys. Lett. 84 44002
[16] Boudet J F, Amarouchene Y, Kellay H 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 254503
[17] Zhong J, Peng Z, Wu Y Y, Shi Q F, Lu K Q, HouM Y 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 6691(in Chinese) [钟 杰、彭 政、吴耀宇、史庆藩、陆坤权、厚美瑛 2006 55 6671]
[18] Huang D C, Sun G, Hou M Y, Lu K Q 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 4754(in Chinese) [黄德财、孙 刚、厚美瑛、陆坤权 2006 55 4754]
[19] Chen W, Hou M Y, Lu K Q, Jiang Z H, Lam L 2002 Appl. Phys. Lett. 80 2213
[20] Hu G Q, Zhang X S, BaoD S, Tang X W 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 4277(in Chinese) [胡国琦、张训生、鲍德松、唐孝威 2004 53 4277]
[21] Bao D S, Lei Z M, Hu G Q, Zhang X S, Tang X W 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5922(in Chinese) [鲍德松、雷哲敏、胡国琦、张训生、唐孝威 2007 56 5922]
[22] Hou M, Chen W, Zhang T, Lu K 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 204301
[23] Huang D C, Sung G, Lu K Q 2006 Phys. Rev. E 74 61306
[24] Kuwabara G, Kono K, 1987 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part. I 26 1230
[25] Schafer J, Dippel S, Wolf D E 1996 J. Phys. I 6 5
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[1] Aranson I S, Tsimring L S 2006 Rev. Mod. Phys. 78 641
[2] Lu K Q, Liu J X 2004 Phys. 33 629(in Chinese)[陆坤权、刘寄星 2004 物理33 629]
[3] Lu K Q, Liu J X 2004 Phys. 33 713(in Chinese)[陆坤权、刘寄星 2004 物理33 713]
[4] Boudet J F, Amarouchene Y, Kellay H 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 254503
[5] Meier S W, Barreiro D A M, Ottino J M, Lueptow R M 2008 Nature Phys. 4 244
[6] Tang X W, Zhang X S, Lu K Q, 2004 Taffic Flow and Granular Flow (Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press) (in Chinese) [唐孝威、张训生、陆坤权 2004 交通流与颗粒流(杭州:浙江大学出版社)]
[7] Helbing D 2001 Rev. Mod. Phys. 73 1067
[8] Bursik M, Patra A, Pitman E B, Nichita C, Macias J L, Saucedo R, Girina O 2005 Rep. Pro. Phys. 68 271
[9] Li Q D, DongL Y, Dai S Q 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 7584(in Chinese) [李庆定、董力耘、戴世强 2009 58 7584]
[10] Kumaran V 2009 Phys. Rev. E 79 11301
[11] Tewari S, Tithi B, Ferguson A, Chakraborty B 2009 Phys. Rev. E 79 11303
[12] Khain E, Meerson B, Saaorov P 2008 Phys. Rev. E 78 41303
[13] Drozd J J, Denniston C 2008 Phys. Rev. E 78 41304
[14] Mankoc C, Garcimartin A, Zuriguel I, Maza D, Pugnalni L A 2009 Phys. Rev. E 80 11309
[15] Janda A, Zuriguel I, Garcimartin A, Pugnalni L A, Maza D 2008 Europhys. Lett. 84 44002
[16] Boudet J F, Amarouchene Y, Kellay H 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 254503
[17] Zhong J, Peng Z, Wu Y Y, Shi Q F, Lu K Q, HouM Y 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 6691(in Chinese) [钟 杰、彭 政、吴耀宇、史庆藩、陆坤权、厚美瑛 2006 55 6671]
[18] Huang D C, Sun G, Hou M Y, Lu K Q 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 4754(in Chinese) [黄德财、孙 刚、厚美瑛、陆坤权 2006 55 4754]
[19] Chen W, Hou M Y, Lu K Q, Jiang Z H, Lam L 2002 Appl. Phys. Lett. 80 2213
[20] Hu G Q, Zhang X S, BaoD S, Tang X W 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 4277(in Chinese) [胡国琦、张训生、鲍德松、唐孝威 2004 53 4277]
[21] Bao D S, Lei Z M, Hu G Q, Zhang X S, Tang X W 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5922(in Chinese) [鲍德松、雷哲敏、胡国琦、张训生、唐孝威 2007 56 5922]
[22] Hou M, Chen W, Zhang T, Lu K 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 204301
[23] Huang D C, Sung G, Lu K Q 2006 Phys. Rev. E 74 61306
[24] Kuwabara G, Kono K, 1987 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part. I 26 1230
[25] Schafer J, Dippel S, Wolf D E 1996 J. Phys. I 6 5
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