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The rotation, translation, and vibration of many amino acid molecules fall in the terahertz (THz) range, thus qualitative and quantitative researches of amino acids can be carried out through their THz absorption characteristic fingerprint peaks. In this work, the room-temperature THz absorption spectra of DL-glutamic acid and its monohydrate at 0.5–3.0 THz are measured by utilizing terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). It is found that the THz characteristic peaks of these two amino acids are obviously different from each other. Moreover, according to the changes of the absorption amplitude of the characteristic absorption peak (1.24 THz) of DL-glutamate monohydrate at different sample concentrations, the mixed samples of DL-glutamate and its monohydrate are quantitatively analyzed, and the quantitative analysis formula is verified. In addition, the optical mode of DL-glutamic acid and its monohydrate in THz region are predicted by using density functional theory (DFT). On condition that the theoretical data are matched with the experimental peaks, the origins of THz absorption peaks obtained in the experiment are discussed and summarized. The results show that the THz characteristic peaks (<2.80 THz) of DL-glutamic acid and its monohydrate come from the intermolecular interactions, and the other absorption peaks result from the combination of intermolecular and intramolecular interactions.
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Keywords:
- DL-glutamic acid /
- hydrates /
- terahertz waves /
- absorption spectrum
[1] Hui Z Q, Xu W Z, Li X H, Guo P G, Zhang Y, Liu J S 2019 Nanoscale 11 6045
Google Scholar
[2] 侯磊, 王俊喃, 王磊, 施卫 2021 70 243202
Google Scholar
Hou L, Wang J N, Wang L, Shi W 2021 Acta Phys. Sin. 70 243202
Google Scholar
[3] Zhang B, Li S P, Wang C Y, Zou T, Pan T T, Zhang J B, Zou X, Ren G H, Zhao H W 2018 Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 190 40
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[4] Neu J, Nikonow H, Schmuttenmaer C A 2018 J. Phys. Chem. A 122 5978
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[5] Liu Y, Guo X T, Zhang X, Cao S Y, Ding X Q 2018 Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. 37 341
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[6] Kleist E M, Korter T M 2020 Anal. Chem. 92 1211
Google Scholar
[7] Hui Y, Fan W H, Chen X, Liu L T, Wang H Q, Jiang X Q 2021 Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 258 119825
Google Scholar
[8] Zheng Z P, Fan W H, Li H, Tang J 2014 J. Mol. Spectrosc. 296 4
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[9] 杨静琦, 李绍限, 赵红卫, 张建兵, 杨娜, 荆丹丹, 王晨阳, 韩家广 2014 63 133203
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Yang J Q, Li S X, Zhao H W, Zhang J B, Yang N, Jing D D, Wang C Y, Han J G 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 133203
Google Scholar
[10] Pan T T, Li S P, Zou T, Zheng Y, Zhang B, Wang C Y, Zhang J B, He M J, Zhao H 2017 Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 178 19
Google Scholar
[11] Dunitz D J, Schweizer W B 1995 Acta Crystallogr. C. 51 1377
Google Scholar
[12] Ciunik Z, Glowiak T 1983 Acta Crystallogr. C 39 1271
Google Scholar
[13] Paive M F 2017 . Ph. D. Dissertation (Fortaleza: Federal University of Ceare)
[14] Huang P J, Ma Y H, Li X, Hou D B, Cai J H, Zhang G X 2015 SPIE. 9795 979531
Google Scholar
[15] Leos S, A. Terán T Q, García P, Archila A, Cabrera R 2012 J. Food. Sci. 77 118
Google Scholar
[16] Wang A P, Gong X, Liu X 2016 Phys. Chem. Testing 52 369
Google Scholar
[17] Lee J W, Thomas L C, Schmidt S J, Agric J 2011 Food. Chem. 59 684
Google Scholar
[18] Zhang R, Mcewen J S, Gao F, Wang Y, Szanyi J, Peden C H F 2014 Acs. Catalysis. 4 4093
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[19] Fug F, Rohe K, Vargas J, Nies C, Possart W 2016 Polymer 99 671
Google Scholar
[20] Cortez V M, Fierro C, Farias M, Vargas O, Flores A, Mani G 2016 J. Chem. Phys. 472 81
Google Scholar
[21] Mariko Y, Fumiaki M, Koh J Y, Masahiko T, Masanori H 2005 Appl. Phys. 86 53903
Google Scholar
[22] Michael R, Williams C, Alan B, True A, Izmaylov F, Timothy A, French Z, Konstanze S, Charles A S 2011 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13 11719
Google Scholar
[23] Hu M D, Tang M G, Wang H B, Zhang M K, Zhu H P, Yang Z B, Zhou H L, Zhang H, Hu J, Guo Y S, Xiao W, Liao Y S 2021 Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 254 119611
Google Scholar
[24] Zhu Z Q, Bian Y G, Zhang X, Zeng R N, Yang B 2022 Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 275 121150
Google Scholar
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图 1 DL-Glu及DL-Glu·H2O的分子结构(a), (b)及晶胞结构(c), (d)
Figure 1. Molecular structures (a), (b) and unit cell structures (c), (d) of DL-Glu and DL-Glu·H2O.
图 2 DL-Glu及DL-Glu·H2O的XRD谱
Figure 2. XRD spectra of DL-Glu and DL-Glu·H2O.
图 3 DL-Glu·H2O (a)和DL-Glu (b)的THz实验谱
Figure 3. THz experimental spectra of DL-Glu·H2O (a) and DL-Glu (b).
图 4 1.24 THz处DL-Glu及DL-Glu·H2O不同混合比例下的实验谱(a), 1.24 THz处吸收幅度与样品浓度的线性关系(b)
Figure 4. THz spectra of DL-Glu and DL-Glu·H2O in different proportions at 1.24 THz (a), the linear relationship between absorption amplitude and sample concentration at 1.24 THz (b).
图 5 DL-Glu及DL-Glu·H2O的THz实验和固态模拟谱
Figure 5. THz experimental and solid-state calculated spectra of DL-Glu and DL-Glu·H2O.
图 6 DL-Glu·H2O在2.87 THz (a)和3.0 THz (b)的分子作用模式
Figure 6. Molecular interactional modes of DL-Glu·H2O at 2.87 THz (a) and 3.0 THz (b).
表 1 DL-Glu及DL-Glu·H2O的实验(Exp.)和PBE理论计算谱结果(单位: THz)
Table 1. Experimental (Exp.) and PBE theoretical results of DL-Glu and DL-Glu·H2O (in THz).
DL-Glu DL-Glu·H2O Exp. PBE 描述 Exp PBE 描述 1.63 1.66(4.74)1 绕晶胞 a 轴转动 1.24 1.51(1.23) 沿晶胞 a 轴平动 2.38 1.69 1.72(12.43) 绕晶胞 a 轴转动 2.61 2.58(3.89) 绕晶胞 c 轴转动 1.92 1.78(1.69) 绕晶胞 a 轴转动 2.59(3.96) 绕晶胞 a 轴转动 2.22 2.16(6.76) 绕晶胞 b 轴转动 2.96 2.84(22.54) 官能团的振动 2.30(23.11) 绕晶胞 a 轴转动 2.90(4.10) 绕晶胞 a 轴转动 2.38 2.49(5.98) 绕晶胞 a 轴转动 2.58(3.47) 绕晶胞 b 轴转动 2.81 2.85(4.41) 绕晶胞 c 轴转动 2.87(27.11) 绕晶胞 c 轴转动 3.0(7.23) 官能团的振动 注: 1括号里的是红外强度(kM/mol). 
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[1] Hui Z Q, Xu W Z, Li X H, Guo P G, Zhang Y, Liu J S 2019 Nanoscale 11 6045
Google Scholar
[2] 侯磊, 王俊喃, 王磊, 施卫 2021 70 243202
Google Scholar
Hou L, Wang J N, Wang L, Shi W 2021 Acta Phys. Sin. 70 243202
Google Scholar
[3] Zhang B, Li S P, Wang C Y, Zou T, Pan T T, Zhang J B, Zou X, Ren G H, Zhao H W 2018 Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 190 40
Google Scholar
[4] Neu J, Nikonow H, Schmuttenmaer C A 2018 J. Phys. Chem. A 122 5978
Google Scholar
[5] Liu Y, Guo X T, Zhang X, Cao S Y, Ding X Q 2018 Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. 37 341
Google Scholar
[6] Kleist E M, Korter T M 2020 Anal. Chem. 92 1211
Google Scholar
[7] Hui Y, Fan W H, Chen X, Liu L T, Wang H Q, Jiang X Q 2021 Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 258 119825
Google Scholar
[8] Zheng Z P, Fan W H, Li H, Tang J 2014 J. Mol. Spectrosc. 296 4
Google Scholar
[9] 杨静琦, 李绍限, 赵红卫, 张建兵, 杨娜, 荆丹丹, 王晨阳, 韩家广 2014 63 133203
Google Scholar
Yang J Q, Li S X, Zhao H W, Zhang J B, Yang N, Jing D D, Wang C Y, Han J G 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 133203
Google Scholar
[10] Pan T T, Li S P, Zou T, Zheng Y, Zhang B, Wang C Y, Zhang J B, He M J, Zhao H 2017 Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 178 19
Google Scholar
[11] Dunitz D J, Schweizer W B 1995 Acta Crystallogr. C. 51 1377
Google Scholar
[12] Ciunik Z, Glowiak T 1983 Acta Crystallogr. C 39 1271
Google Scholar
[13] Paive M F 2017 . Ph. D. Dissertation (Fortaleza: Federal University of Ceare)
[14] Huang P J, Ma Y H, Li X, Hou D B, Cai J H, Zhang G X 2015 SPIE. 9795 979531
Google Scholar
[15] Leos S, A. Terán T Q, García P, Archila A, Cabrera R 2012 J. Food. Sci. 77 118
Google Scholar
[16] Wang A P, Gong X, Liu X 2016 Phys. Chem. Testing 52 369
Google Scholar
[17] Lee J W, Thomas L C, Schmidt S J, Agric J 2011 Food. Chem. 59 684
Google Scholar
[18] Zhang R, Mcewen J S, Gao F, Wang Y, Szanyi J, Peden C H F 2014 Acs. Catalysis. 4 4093
Google Scholar
[19] Fug F, Rohe K, Vargas J, Nies C, Possart W 2016 Polymer 99 671
Google Scholar
[20] Cortez V M, Fierro C, Farias M, Vargas O, Flores A, Mani G 2016 J. Chem. Phys. 472 81
Google Scholar
[21] Mariko Y, Fumiaki M, Koh J Y, Masahiko T, Masanori H 2005 Appl. Phys. 86 53903
Google Scholar
[22] Michael R, Williams C, Alan B, True A, Izmaylov F, Timothy A, French Z, Konstanze S, Charles A S 2011 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13 11719
Google Scholar
[23] Hu M D, Tang M G, Wang H B, Zhang M K, Zhu H P, Yang Z B, Zhou H L, Zhang H, Hu J, Guo Y S, Xiao W, Liao Y S 2021 Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 254 119611
Google Scholar
[24] Zhu Z Q, Bian Y G, Zhang X, Zeng R N, Yang B 2022 Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 275 121150
Google Scholar
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