Multi-field manipulation in Hall balance

Zhang Jing-Yan; Dou Peng-Wei; Zhao Yun-Chi; Zhang Shi-Lei; Liu Jia-Qiang; Qi Jie; Lü Hao-Chang; Liu Ruo-Yang; Yu Guang-Hua; Jiang Yong; Shen Bao-Gen; Wang Shou-Guo

doi:10.7498/aps.70.20201799

Abstract

To break through the conventional binary storage based on spin valves and magnetic tunnel junctions, multi-state storage has been successfully achieved in Hall balance. Meanwhile, logic operation can be realized in the storage cell of Hall balance to improve the operation efficiency. Therefore, the concept of Hall balance will benefit the device integration, which provides an effective insight into fabricating the development of spintronics. In this topical review article, firstly the background of memory based on Hall balance is introduced. Secondly, the concept and recent progress of Hall balance are briefly summarized. Thirdly, the manipulation of anomalous Hall resistance ratio (HRR) and its physical mechanism is systematically investigated. Furthermore, magnetic skyrmions and their dynamics in Hall balance are presented in detail. Finally, the application of Hall balance to other kinds of materials is discussed and prospects its future.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Magnetism, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
3.
School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Technology University, Shanghai 201210, China

Corresponding author: Wang Shou-Guo, sgwang@ustb.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2019YFB2005800), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11874082, 51625101, 51961145305, 51971026), and the Key Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, China (Grant No. Z190007)

FullText HTML : translate this paragraph

References

[1]	Moore G E 1965 Electronics 38 114
[2]	Baibich M N, Broto J M, Fert A, Nguyen Van Dau F, Petroff F, Etienne P, Creuzet G, Friederich A, Chazelas J 1988 Phys. Rev. Lett. 61 2472 Google Scholar
[3]	Song Y H, Zhao X T, Liu W, Liu L, Li S K, Zhang Z D 2020 Appl. Phys. Lett. 117 232408 Google Scholar
[4]	Miyazaki T, Tezuka N 1995 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 139 L231
[5]	Prinz G A 1998 Science 282 1660 Google Scholar
[6]	Binasch G, Grünberg P, Saurenbach F, Zinn W 1989 Phys. Rev. B 39 4828(R
[7]	Parkin S S P, Kaiser C, Panchula A, Rice P M, Hughes B, Samant M, Yang S H 2004 Nat. Mater. 3 862 Google Scholar
[8]	Mohri K, Kohzawa T, Yoshida H 1992 IEEE Trans. Magn. 28 3150 Google Scholar
[9]	Jungwirth T, Wunderlich J, Olejnik K 2012 Nat. Mater. 11 382 Google Scholar
[10]	Ikeda S, Hayakawa J, Ashizawa Y, Lee Y M, Miura K, Hasegawa H, Tsunoda M, Matsukura F, Ohno H 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 93 082508 Google Scholar
[11]	Butler W H, Zhang X G, Schulthess T C, Maclaren J M 2001 Phys. Rev. B 63 054416 Google Scholar
[12]	Mathon J, Umeerski A 2001 Phys. Rev. B 63 220403 Google Scholar
[13]	Wang W G, Li M G, Hageman S, Chien C L 2012 Nat. Mater. 11 64
[14]	Wang Y Y, Zhou X, Song C, Yan Y N, Zhou S M, Wang G Y, Chen C, Zeng F, Pan F 2015 Adv. Mater. 27 3196 Google Scholar
[15]	Ohno H, Chiba D, Matsukura F, Omiya T, Abe E, Dietl T, Ohno Y, Ohtani K 2000 Nature 408 944
[16]	Cai K M, Yang M Y, Ju H L, Wang S M, Ji Y, Li B H, Edmonds K W, Sheng Y, Zhang B, Zhang N, Liu S, Zheng H Z, Wang K Y 2017 Nat. Mater. 16 712 Google Scholar
[17]	Wang J, Neaton J B, Zheng H, Nagarajan V, Ogale S B, Liu B, Viehland D, Vaithyanathan V, Schlom D G, Waghmare U V, Spaldin N A, Rabe K M, Wuttig M, Ramesh R 2003 Science 299 1719 Google Scholar
[18]	Parkin S S P, Hayashi M, Thomas L 2008 Science 320 190 Google Scholar
[19]	Jonietz F, Mühlbauer S, Pfleiderer C, Neubauer A, Münzer W, Bauer A, Adams T, Georgii R, Böni P, Duine R A, Everschor K, Garst M, Rosch A 2010 Science 330 1648 Google Scholar
[20]	Lavrijsen R, Lee J H, Pacheco A F, Petit D C M C, Mansell R, Cowburn R P 2013 Nature 493 647 Google Scholar
[21]	Wang S G, Ward R C C, Du G X, Han X F, Wang C, Kohn A 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 180411 Google Scholar
[22]	Tao B S, Yang H X, Zhao Y L, Devaux X, Lengaigne G, Hehn M, Lacour D, Andrieu S, Chshiev M, Hauet T, Montaigne F, Mangin S, Han X F, Lu Y 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 157204 Google Scholar
[23]	Karplus R, Luttinger J M 1954 Phys. Rev. 95 1154 Google Scholar
[24]	Smit J 1955 Physica 21 877 Google Scholar
[25]	Berger L 1970 Phys. Rev. B 2 4559 Google Scholar
[26]	Tian Y, Li Y, Jin X F 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 087206 Google Scholar
[27]	Hsu H S, Lin C P, Chou H, Huang J C A 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 93 142507 Google Scholar
[28]	Nishimura N, Hirai T, Koganei A, Ikeda T, Okano K, Sekiguchi Y, Osada Y 2002 J. Appl. Phys. 91 5246 Google Scholar
[29]	Miao G X, Xiao G 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 73 Google Scholar
[30]	Zhang J Y, Wu Z L, Wang S G, Zhao C J, Yang G, Zhang S L, Liu Y, Liu S, Teng J, Yu G H 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 102 102404 Google Scholar
[31]	Chen M, Shi Z, Xu W J, Zhang X X, Du J, Zhou S M 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 082503 Google Scholar
[32]	Moritz J, Rodmacq B, Auffret S, Dieny B 2008 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41 135001 Google Scholar
[33]	Ryzhanova N, Vedyayev A, Pertsova A, Dieny B 2009 Phys. Rev. B 80 024410 Google Scholar
[34]	Ye L, Tian Y, Jin X F, Xiao D 2012 Phys. Rev. B 85 220403 Google Scholar
[35]	Zhu L J, Pan D, Zhao J H 2014 Phys. Rev. B 89 220406 Google Scholar
[36]	Rosenblatt D, Karpovski M, Gerber A 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 022512 Google Scholar
[37]	Vilanova Vidal E, Schneider H, Jakob G 2011 Phys. Rev. B 83 174410 Google Scholar
[38]	He P, Ma L, Shi Z, Guo G Y, Zheng J G, Xin Y, Zhou S M 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 066402 Google Scholar
[39]	Lu Y M, Cai J W, Pan H Y, Sun L 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 022404 Google Scholar
[40]	Zhu T, Chen P, Zhang Q H, Yu R C, Liu B G 2014 Appl. Phys. Lett. 104 202404 Google Scholar
[41]	Zhang J Y, Yang G, Wang S G, Zhang S L, Zhang P, Cao X Z, Jiang S L, Zhao C J, Liu Y, Wang H C, Yu G H 2013 Appl. Phys. Express 6 103007 Google Scholar
[42]	Zhang S L, Liu Y, Mclntyre L J C, Hesjedal T, Zhang J Y, Wang S G, Yu G H 2013 Sci. Rep. 3 2087 Google Scholar
[43]	Zhang S L, Baker A A, Zhang J Y, Yu G H, Wang S G, Hesjedal T 2015 Adv. Electron. Mater. 1 1400051 Google Scholar
[44]	Zhang S L, Zhang J Y, Baker A A, Wang S G, Yu G H, Hesjedal T 2014 Sci. Rep. 4 6109
[45]	Wang S G, Ward R C C, Hesjedal T, Zhang X G, Wang C, Kohn A, Ma Q L, Zhang J, Liu H F, Han X F 2012 J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 12 1006
[46]	Peng W L, Zhang J Y, Feng G N, Xu X L, Yang C, Jia Y L, Yu G H 2019 Appl. Phys. Lett. 115 092402 Google Scholar
[47]	Peng W L, Zhang J Y, Feng G N, Xu X L, Yang C, Jia Y L, Yu G H 2019 Appl. Phys. Lett. 115 172403 Google Scholar
[48]	Zhang J Y, Yang G, Wang S G, Liu J L, Wang R M, Amsellem E, Kohn A, Yu G H 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 106 152401 Google Scholar
[49]	Zhang J Y, Dou P W, Peng W L, Zhuang Y, Liu J L, Kohn A, Amsellem E, You C Y, Liu J Q, Zheng X Q, Yu G H, Jiang Y, Wang S G 2020 Appl. Surf. Sci. 521 146475 Google Scholar
[50]	Wang S G, Han G, Yu G H, Jiang Y, Wang C, Kohn A, Ward R C C 2007 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 310 1935 Google Scholar
[51]	Röβler U K, Bogdanov A N, Pfleiderer C 2006 Nature 442 797 Google Scholar
[52]	Jiang W J, Chen G, Liu K, Zang J D, te Velthuis S G E, Hoffmann A 2017 Phys. Rep. 704 1 Google Scholar
[53]	Kézsmárki I, Bordács S, Milde P, Neuber E, Eng L M, White J S, Rnnow H M, Dewhurst C D, Mochizuki M, Yanai K, Nakamura H, Ehlers D, Tsurkan V, Loidl A 2015 Nat. Mater. 14 1116 Google Scholar
[54]	Hou Z P, Ren W J, Ding B, Xu G Z, Wang Y, Yang B, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Liu E K, Xu F, Wang W H, Wu G H, Zhang X X, Shen B G, Zhang Z D 2017 Adv. Mater. 29 1701144 Google Scholar
[55]	Takagi R, Yu X Z, White J S, Shibata K, Kaneko Y, Tatara G, Rnnow H M, Tokura Y, Seki S 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 037203 Google Scholar
[56]	Moreau-Luchaire C, Moutafis C, Reyren N, Sampaio J, Vaz C A F, Van Horne N, Bouzehouane K, Garcia K, Deranlot C, Warnicke P, Wohlhüter P, George J M, Weigand M, Raabe J, Cros V, Fert A 2016 Nat. Nanotechnol. 11 444 Google Scholar
[57]	Boulle O, Vogel J, Yang H X, Pizzini S, Chaves D de S, Locatelli A, Mentes T O, Sala A, Prejbeanu L D B, Klein O, Belmeguenai M, Roussigné Y, Stashkevich A, Chérif S M, Aballe L, Foerster M, Chshiev M, Auffret S, Miron loan M, Gaudin G 2016 Nat. Nanotechnol. 11 449 Google Scholar
[58]	Woo S, Litzius K, Krüger B, Im M Y, Caretta L, Richter K, Mann M, Krone A, Reeve R M, Weigand M, Agrawal P, Lemesh I, Mawass M A, Fischer P, Klui M, Beach G S D 2016 Nat. Mater. 15 501 Google Scholar
[59]	Pollard S D, Garlow J A, Yu J W, Wang Z, Zhu Y M, Yang H 2017 Nat. Commun. 8 14761 Google Scholar
[60]	Guang Y, Bykova I, Liu Y Z, Yu G Q, Goering E, Weigand M, Grfe J, Kim S K, Zhang J W, Zhang H, Yan Z R, Wan C H, Feng J F, Wang X, Guo C Y, Wei H X, Peng Y, Tserkovnyak Y, Han X F, Schütz G 2020 Nat. Commun. 11 949 Google Scholar
[61]	Garlow J A, Pollard S D, Beleggia M, Dutta T, Yang H, Zhu Y M 2019 Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 237201 Google Scholar
[62]	Meyer S, Perini M, von Malottki S, Kubetzka A, Wiesendanger R, von Bergmann K, Heinze S 2019 Nat. Commun. 10 3823 Google Scholar
[63]	Raju M, Yagil A, Soumyanarayanan A, Tan A K C, Almoalem A, Ma F S, Auslaender O M, Panagopoulos C 2019 Nat. Commun. 10 696 Google Scholar
[64]	Yu X Z, Onose Y, Kanazawa N, Park J H, Han J H, Matsui Y, Nagaosa N, Tokura Y 2010 Nature 465 901 Google Scholar
[65]	Yu X Z, Kanazawa N, Zhang W Z, Nagai T, Hara T, Kimoto K, Matsui Y, Onose Y, Tokura Y 2012 Nat. Commun. 3 988 Google Scholar
[66]	Seki S, Yu X Z, Ishiwata S, Tokura Y 2012 Science 336 198 Google Scholar
[67]	Wang W H, Zhang Y, Xu G Z, Peng L C, Ding B, Wang Y, Hou Z P, Zhang X M, Li X Y, Liu E K, Wang S G, Cai J W, Wang F W, Li J Q, Hu F X, Wu G H, Shen B G, Zhang X X 2016 Adv. Mater. 28 6887 Google Scholar
[68]	Du H F, Liang D, Jin C M, Kong L Y, Stolt M J, Ning W, Yang J Y, Xing Y, Wang J, Che R C, Zang J D, Jin S, Zhang Y H, Tian M L 2015 Nat. Commun. 6 7637 Google Scholar
[69]	Zheng F S, Li H, Wang S S, Song D S, Jin C M, Wei W S, Kovacs A, Zang J D, Tian M L, Zhang Y H, Du H F, Borkowski R E D 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 197205 Google Scholar
[70]	Soumyanarayanan A, Raju M, Oyarce A L G, Tan A K C, Im M Y, Petrovic A P, Ho P, Khoo K H, Tran M, Gan C K, Ernult F, Panagopoulos C 2017 Nat. Mater. 16 898 Google Scholar
[71]	Miao B F, Sun L, Wu Y W, Tao X D, Xiong X, Wen Y, Cao R X, Wang P, Wu D, Zhan Q F, You B, Du J, Li R W, Ding H F 2014 Phys. Rev. B 90 174411 Google Scholar
[72]	Dai Y Y, Wang H, Tao P, Yang T, Ren W J, Zhang Z D 2013 Phys. Rev. B 88 054403 Google Scholar
[73]	He M, Li G, Zhang Y, Peng L C, Cai J W, Li J Q, Wei H X, Gu L, Zhao T Y, Shen B G 2017 Appl. Phys. Lett. 111 202403 Google Scholar
[74]	Jiang W J, Upadhyaya P, Zhang W, Yu G Q, Jungfleisch M B, Fradin F Y, Pearson J E, Tserkovnyak Y, Wang K L, Heinonen O, te Velthuis S G E, Hoffmann A 2015 Science 349 283 Google Scholar
[75]	董博闻, 张静言, 彭丽聪, 何敏, 张颖, 赵云驰, 王超, 孙阳, 蔡建旺, 王文洪, 魏红祥, 沈保根, 姜勇, 王守国 2018 67 137507 Google Scholar Dong B W, Zhang J Y, Peng L C, He M, Zhang Y, Zhao Y C, Wang C, Sun Y, Cai J W, Wang W H, Wei H X, Shen B G, Jiang Y, Wang S G 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 137507 Google Scholar
[76]	张志东 2015 64 067503 Zhang Z D 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 067503
[77]	侯志鹏, 丁贝, 李航, 徐桂舟, 王文洪, 吴光恒 2018 67 137509 Google Scholar Hou Z P, Ding B, Li H, Xu G Z, Wang W H, Wu G H 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 137509 Google Scholar
[78]	Jin C M, Du H F 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 128501 Google Scholar
[79]	夏静, 韩宗益, 宋怡凡, 江文婧, 林柳蓉, 张溪超, 刘小晰, 周艳 2018 67 137505 Google Scholar Xia J, Han Z Y, Song Y F, Jiang W J, Lin L R, Zhang X C, Liu X X, Zhou Y 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 137505 Google Scholar
[80]	梁雪, 赵莉, 邱雷, 李双, 丁丽红, 丰友华, 张溪超, 周艳, 赵国平 2018 67 137510 Google Scholar Liang X, Zhao L, Qiu L, Li S, Ding L H, Feng Y H, Zhang X C, Zhou Y, Zhao G P 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 137510 Google Scholar
[81]	Jiang W J, Zhang X C, Yu G Q, Zhang W, Wang X, Jungfleisch M B, Pearson J E, Cheng X M, Heinonen O, Wang K L 2017 Nat. Phys. 13 162 Google Scholar
[82]	Zhang X C, Zhou Y, Ezawa M 2017 Nat. Commun. 7 10293
[83]	Akosa C A, Tretiakov O A, Tatara G, Manchon A 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 121 097204 Google Scholar
[84]	Barker J, Tretiakov O A 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 147203 Google Scholar
[85]	Shen L C, Xia J, Zhao G P, Zhang X C, Ezawa M, Tretiakov O A, Liu X X, Zhou Y 2018 Phys. Rev. B 98 134448 Google Scholar
[86]	Caretta L, Mann M, Büttner F, Ueda K, Pfau B, Günther C M, Hessing P, Churikova A, Klose C, Schneider M, Engel D, Marcus C, Bono D, Bagschik K, Eisebitt S, Beach G S D 2018 Nat. Nanotechnol. 13 1154 Google Scholar
[87]	Hirata Y, Kim D H, Kim S K, Lee D K, Oh S H, Kim D Y, Nishimura T, Okuno T, Futakawa Y, Yoshikawa H, Tsukamoto A, Tserkovnyak Y, Shiota Y, Moriyama T, Choe S B, Lee K J 2019 Nat. Nanotechnol. 14 232 Google Scholar
[88]	Zhang J Y, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Zhao G P, Qiu L, Wang K Y, Dou P W, Peng W L, Zhuang Y, Wu Y F, Yu G Q, Zhu Z Z, Zhao Y C, Guo Y Q, Zhu T, Cai J W, Shen B G, Wang S G 2020 Adv. Mater. 32 1907452 Google Scholar
[89]	郭尔佳, 朱涛 2019 物理 48 708 Google Scholar Guo E J, Zhu T 2019 Physics 48 708 Google Scholar
[90]	Ankner J F, Felcher G P 1999 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 200 741 Google Scholar
[91]	Zhu T, Yang Y, Yu R C, Ambaye H, Lauter V, Xiao J Q 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 202406 Google Scholar
[92]	Liu T, Lacour D, Montaigne F, Gall S Le, Hehn M, Hauet T 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 106 052406 Google Scholar
[93]	孙明娟, 刘要稳 2015 64 247505 Google Scholar Sun M J, Liu Y W 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 247505 Google Scholar
[94]	Xu H N, Xia Y D, Xu B, Yin J, Yuan G L, Liu Z G 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 27022 Google Scholar
[95]	Saldanha D R, Dugato D A, Mori T J A, Daudt N F, Dorneles L S, Denardin J C 2018 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 51 395001 Google Scholar
[96]	Pattnaik D P, Beardsley R P, Love C, Cavill S A, Edmonds K W, Rushforth A W 2019 Sci. Rep. 9 3156 Google Scholar
[97]	van Thiel T C, Groenendijk D J, Caviglia A D 2020 J. Phys.: Mater. 3 025005 Google Scholar
[98]	Wysocki L, Yang L, Gunkel F, Dittmann R, van Loosdrecht P H M, Vrejoiu I L 2020 Phys. Rev. Mater. 4 054402 Google Scholar
[99]	Li S, Lu J, Wen L J, Pan D, Wang H L, Wei D H, Zhao J H 2020 Chin. Phys. Lett. 37 077303 Google Scholar
[100]	Wang H, Dai Y Y, Liu Z R, Xie Q D, Liu C, Lin W N, Liu L, Yang P, Wang J, Venkatesan T V, Chow G M, Tian H, Zhang Z D, Chen J S 2020 Adv. Mater. 32 1904415 Google Scholar

Cited By

图 1 (a)磁性隧道结Fe(25)/MgO(3)/Fe(10)/IrMn(10) (厚度单位均为纳米)中的R-H输出曲线^[21]; (b)霍尔天平CoO(10)/[Co(0.3)/Pt(1)]₃/NiO(1.1)/Pt(0.6)/[Co(0.3)/Pt(1)]₃/CoO(10) (厚度单位均为纳米)中的R-H输出曲线

Figure 1. (a) R-H loops for the magnetic tunnel junction with the structure of Fe(25)/MgO(3)/Fe(10)/IrMn(10) (in nm)^[21]; (b) R-H loop for Hall balance with the structure of CoO(10)/[Co(0.3)/Pt(1)]₃/NiO(1.1)/Pt(0.6)/[Co(0.3)/Pt(1)]₃/CoO(10) (in nm).

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 (a)正常霍尔效应和(b)反常霍尔效应原理图

Figure 2. Schematic of (a) ordinary Hall effect and (b) anomalous Hall effect.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 (a)基于NiO的霍尔天平R-H曲线; (b)基于霍尔天平的3D存储阵列示意图^[42]

Figure 3. (a) R-H loop for Hall balance based on NiO spacer; (b) schematic of 3D storage based on Hall balance^[42].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 4 基于霍尔天平存储单元的基本布尔逻辑运算输出曲线及真值表^[42]

Figure 4. Boolean logic operation in storage cell based on Hall balance and truth table ^[42].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 5 (a)自旋算盘设计示意图; (b)基于NiO隔离层的自旋算盘霍尔输出曲线^[44]

Figure 5. (a) Schematic of magnetic abacus memory; (b) Hall loop for the magnetic abacus based on NiO spacer^[44].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 6 (a)样品NiO(20)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(1.2)]/MgO/[Co(0.4)/Pt(1.2)]/NiO(1) (nm)的霍尔输出曲线; (b)样品NiO(50)/Pt(0.6)/[Co(0.3)/Pt(1)]/NiO/[Co(0.4)/Pt(1.2)] (单位: nm)的霍尔输出曲线^[42]

Figure 6. (a) Hall loop for the sample NiO(20)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(1.2)]/MgO/[Co(0.4)/Pt(1.2)]/NiO(1) (in nm); (b) Hall loop for the sample NiO(50)/Pt(0.6)/[Co(0.3)/Pt(1)]/NiO/[Co(0.4)/Pt(1.2)] (in nm) ^[42].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 7 (a)−(c)样品Pt(0.6)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(1)]₃/Co(0.4)/Pt(0.3)/NiO(t_NiO)/Pt(0.3)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(1)]₄ (厚度单位为纳米)的霍尔曲线; (d)−(f)样品Pt(0.6)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(1)]₃/Co(0.4)/Pt(0.3)/NiO(1.1)/Pt(0.3)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(t_Pt)]₄(厚度单位均为纳米)样品的霍尔输出曲线^[48]

Figure 7. (a)−(c) Hall loops for the sample Pt(0.6)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(1)]₃/Co(0.4)/Pt(0.3)/NiO(t_NiO)/Pt(0.3)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(1)]₄ (in nm); (d)−(f) Hall loops for the sample Pt(0.6)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(1)]₃/Co(0.4)/Pt(0.3)/NiO(1.1)/Pt(0.3)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(t_Pt)]₄ (in nm)^[48].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 8 (a)−(d)样品CoO(3)/[Pt(0.6)/Co(0.4)]₄/Pt(0.3)/NiO(t_NiO)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(0.6)]₄/CoO(3)(厚度单位为纳米)的霍尔回线^[48]

Figure 8. (a)−(d) Hall loops for the sample CoO(3)/[Pt(0.6)/Co(0.4)]₄/Pt(0.3)/NiO(t_NiO)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(0.6)]₄/CoO(3) (in nm)^[48].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 9 (a)样品CoO(3)/[Pt(0.6)/Co(0.4)]₄/Pt(0.3)/NiO(1)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(0.6)]₄/CoO(3)(厚度单位均为纳米)低倍透射电镜照片; (b)上述样品的选区电子衍射花样照片^[48]

Figure 9. (a) Transmission electron microscope (TEM) image and (b) electron diffraction pattern for the sample CoO(3)/[Pt(0.6)/Co(0.4)]₄/Pt(0.3)/NiO(1)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(0.6)]₄/CoO(3) (in nm)^[48].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 10 样品CoO(3)/[Pt(0.6)/Co(0.4)]₄/Pt(0.3)/NiO(1)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(0.6)]₄/CoO(3)(厚度单位均为纳米)高分辨透射电镜照片^[48]

Figure 10. High resolution TEM image for the sample CoO(3)/[Pt(0.6)/Co(0.4)]₄/Pt(0.3)/NiO(1)/[Co(0.4)/Pt(0.6)]₄/CoO(3) (in nm)^[48]

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 11 (a)−(d)样品CoO/[Co/Pt]₃/Co/Pt(t_B)/NiO(1.1)/[Co/Pt]₄/CoO(厚度单位为纳米)的霍尔回线^[49]

Figure 11. (a)−(d) Hall loops for sample CoO/[Co/Pt]₃/Co/Pt(t_B)/NiO(1.1)/[Co/Pt]₄/CoO (in nm)^[49]

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 12 (a)−(d)样品CoO/[Co/Pt]₄/NiO(1.1)/Pt(t_T)/[Co/Pt]₄/CoO(厚度单位为纳米)的霍尔回线^[49]

Figure 12. (a)−(d) Hall loops for the sample CoO/[Co/Pt]₄/NiO(1.1)/Pt(t_T)/[Co/Pt]₄/CoO (in nm)^[49].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 13 (a), (b)Co/NiO界面和NiO/Co界面上高分辨Co 2p XPS图谱; (c)界面CoO_x/Co比率随Pt厚度变化规律; (d)界面Pt 4f结合能随界面Pt厚度变化规律^[49]

Figure 13. (a), (b) High resolution XPS Co 2p spectra at Co/NiO interface and NiO/Co interface; (c) interfacial CoO_x/Co content and (d) Pt 4f binding energy as a function of the Pt thickness at interfaces^[49].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 14 (a)霍尔天平的结构示意图; (b)具有铁磁耦合和反铁磁耦合霍尔天平的垂直膜面方向的磁滞回线; (c)霍尔天平的交换耦合场和(d)饱和磁化强度随NiO厚度变化规律^[88]

Figure 14. (a) Schematic of Hall balance in L-TEM measurement; (b) normalized M-H loops for the sample with ferromagnetic coupling and antiferromagnetic coupling, respectively; (c) shifted field and (d) saturation magnetization as a function of NiO thickness^[88].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 15 (a), (b)铁磁耦合和反铁磁耦合霍尔天平基态下的洛伦兹透射电镜照片; (c), (d)铁磁耦合和反铁磁耦合霍尔天平激励后的洛伦兹透射电镜照片^[88]

Figure 15. L-TEM images for Hall balance at ground state with (a) ferromagnetic coupling and (b) antiferromagnetic coupling, respectively. High density of skyrmions in a Hall balance after drawing excitation with (c) ferromagnetic coupling and (d) antiferromagnetic coupling, respectively^[88].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 16 (a), (b)和(c)分别是不同角度下的霍尔天平中的磁性斯格明子^[88]

Figure 16. (a), (b), (c) Magnetic skyrmions in a Hall balance with various tilting angle^[88].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 17 (a)和(b)分别是低场下和高场下具有反铁磁耦合霍尔天平的极化中子反射谱图; (c)具有反铁磁耦合的霍尔天平自旋结构示意图; (d)和(e)分别是低场下和高场下具有铁磁耦合霍尔天平的极化中子反射谱图; (f)具有铁磁耦合的霍尔天平自旋结构示意图^[88]

Figure 17. PNR spectra as a function of Q measured with in-plane (a) low and (b) high magnetic fields for the Hall balance with antiferromagnetic coupling; (c) schematic of the magnetic structure of the Hall balance with antiferromagnetic coupling; PNR spectra as a function of Q measured with in-plane (d) low and (e) high magnetic fields for the Hall balance with ferromagnetic coupling; (f) schematic of the magnetic structure of the Hall balance with ferromagnetic coupling^[88].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 18 (a)具有不同层间耦合强度的霍尔天平中的基态和激励后的磁性斯格明子; (b)基态下霍尔天平中磁性斯格明子密度随E_IEC和θ变化的相图; (c)外部激励撤除后霍尔天平中磁性斯格明子个数随层间耦合强度的变化规律曲线^[88]

Figure 18. (a) Simulated skyrmions in a Hall balance with various E_IEC; (b) contour map of the skyrmion density as a function of E_IEC and θ without external excitation; (c) the skyrmion number as a function of E_IEC in Hall balance with drawing excitation^[88].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 19 (a)不同温度下SRO/STO/SRO霍尔天平的反常霍尔曲线; (b)霍尔信号符号翻转温度附近的输出曲线放大图; (c) SRO/STO/SRO霍尔天平双通道霍尔电阻贡献解析图^[97]

Figure 19. (a) Hall loops for the SRO/STO/SRO Hall balance under various temperature; (b) enlarged Hall loops in the vicinity of the sign reversal temperature; (c) Hall resistance in SRO/STO/SRO Hall balance^[97].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

map

[1]	Moore G E 1965 Electronics 38 114
[2]	Baibich M N, Broto J M, Fert A, Nguyen Van Dau F, Petroff F, Etienne P, Creuzet G, Friederich A, Chazelas J 1988 Phys. Rev. Lett. 61 2472 Google Scholar
[3]	Song Y H, Zhao X T, Liu W, Liu L, Li S K, Zhang Z D 2020 Appl. Phys. Lett. 117 232408 Google Scholar
[4]	Miyazaki T, Tezuka N 1995 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 139 L231
[5]	Prinz G A 1998 Science 282 1660 Google Scholar
[6]	Binasch G, Grünberg P, Saurenbach F, Zinn W 1989 Phys. Rev. B 39 4828(R
[7]	Parkin S S P, Kaiser C, Panchula A, Rice P M, Hughes B, Samant M, Yang S H 2004 Nat. Mater. 3 862 Google Scholar
[8]	Mohri K, Kohzawa T, Yoshida H 1992 IEEE Trans. Magn. 28 3150 Google Scholar
[9]	Jungwirth T, Wunderlich J, Olejnik K 2012 Nat. Mater. 11 382 Google Scholar
[10]	Ikeda S, Hayakawa J, Ashizawa Y, Lee Y M, Miura K, Hasegawa H, Tsunoda M, Matsukura F, Ohno H 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 93 082508 Google Scholar
[11]	Butler W H, Zhang X G, Schulthess T C, Maclaren J M 2001 Phys. Rev. B 63 054416 Google Scholar
[12]	Mathon J, Umeerski A 2001 Phys. Rev. B 63 220403 Google Scholar
[13]	Wang W G, Li M G, Hageman S, Chien C L 2012 Nat. Mater. 11 64
[14]	Wang Y Y, Zhou X, Song C, Yan Y N, Zhou S M, Wang G Y, Chen C, Zeng F, Pan F 2015 Adv. Mater. 27 3196 Google Scholar
[15]	Ohno H, Chiba D, Matsukura F, Omiya T, Abe E, Dietl T, Ohno Y, Ohtani K 2000 Nature 408 944
[16]	Cai K M, Yang M Y, Ju H L, Wang S M, Ji Y, Li B H, Edmonds K W, Sheng Y, Zhang B, Zhang N, Liu S, Zheng H Z, Wang K Y 2017 Nat. Mater. 16 712 Google Scholar
[17]	Wang J, Neaton J B, Zheng H, Nagarajan V, Ogale S B, Liu B, Viehland D, Vaithyanathan V, Schlom D G, Waghmare U V, Spaldin N A, Rabe K M, Wuttig M, Ramesh R 2003 Science 299 1719 Google Scholar
[18]	Parkin S S P, Hayashi M, Thomas L 2008 Science 320 190 Google Scholar
[19]	Jonietz F, Mühlbauer S, Pfleiderer C, Neubauer A, Münzer W, Bauer A, Adams T, Georgii R, Böni P, Duine R A, Everschor K, Garst M, Rosch A 2010 Science 330 1648 Google Scholar
[20]	Lavrijsen R, Lee J H, Pacheco A F, Petit D C M C, Mansell R, Cowburn R P 2013 Nature 493 647 Google Scholar
[21]	Wang S G, Ward R C C, Du G X, Han X F, Wang C, Kohn A 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 180411 Google Scholar
[22]	Tao B S, Yang H X, Zhao Y L, Devaux X, Lengaigne G, Hehn M, Lacour D, Andrieu S, Chshiev M, Hauet T, Montaigne F, Mangin S, Han X F, Lu Y 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 157204 Google Scholar
[23]	Karplus R, Luttinger J M 1954 Phys. Rev. 95 1154 Google Scholar
[24]	Smit J 1955 Physica 21 877 Google Scholar
[25]	Berger L 1970 Phys. Rev. B 2 4559 Google Scholar
[26]	Tian Y, Li Y, Jin X F 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 087206 Google Scholar
[27]	Hsu H S, Lin C P, Chou H, Huang J C A 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 93 142507 Google Scholar
[28]	Nishimura N, Hirai T, Koganei A, Ikeda T, Okano K, Sekiguchi Y, Osada Y 2002 J. Appl. Phys. 91 5246 Google Scholar
[29]	Miao G X, Xiao G 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 73 Google Scholar
[30]	Zhang J Y, Wu Z L, Wang S G, Zhao C J, Yang G, Zhang S L, Liu Y, Liu S, Teng J, Yu G H 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 102 102404 Google Scholar
[31]	Chen M, Shi Z, Xu W J, Zhang X X, Du J, Zhou S M 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 082503 Google Scholar
[32]	Moritz J, Rodmacq B, Auffret S, Dieny B 2008 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41 135001 Google Scholar
[33]	Ryzhanova N, Vedyayev A, Pertsova A, Dieny B 2009 Phys. Rev. B 80 024410 Google Scholar
[34]	Ye L, Tian Y, Jin X F, Xiao D 2012 Phys. Rev. B 85 220403 Google Scholar
[35]	Zhu L J, Pan D, Zhao J H 2014 Phys. Rev. B 89 220406 Google Scholar
[36]	Rosenblatt D, Karpovski M, Gerber A 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 022512 Google Scholar
[37]	Vilanova Vidal E, Schneider H, Jakob G 2011 Phys. Rev. B 83 174410 Google Scholar
[38]	He P, Ma L, Shi Z, Guo G Y, Zheng J G, Xin Y, Zhou S M 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 066402 Google Scholar
[39]	Lu Y M, Cai J W, Pan H Y, Sun L 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 022404 Google Scholar
[40]	Zhu T, Chen P, Zhang Q H, Yu R C, Liu B G 2014 Appl. Phys. Lett. 104 202404 Google Scholar
[41]	Zhang J Y, Yang G, Wang S G, Zhang S L, Zhang P, Cao X Z, Jiang S L, Zhao C J, Liu Y, Wang H C, Yu G H 2013 Appl. Phys. Express 6 103007 Google Scholar
[42]	Zhang S L, Liu Y, Mclntyre L J C, Hesjedal T, Zhang J Y, Wang S G, Yu G H 2013 Sci. Rep. 3 2087 Google Scholar
[43]	Zhang S L, Baker A A, Zhang J Y, Yu G H, Wang S G, Hesjedal T 2015 Adv. Electron. Mater. 1 1400051 Google Scholar
[44]	Zhang S L, Zhang J Y, Baker A A, Wang S G, Yu G H, Hesjedal T 2014 Sci. Rep. 4 6109
[45]	Wang S G, Ward R C C, Hesjedal T, Zhang X G, Wang C, Kohn A, Ma Q L, Zhang J, Liu H F, Han X F 2012 J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 12 1006
[46]	Peng W L, Zhang J Y, Feng G N, Xu X L, Yang C, Jia Y L, Yu G H 2019 Appl. Phys. Lett. 115 092402 Google Scholar
[47]	Peng W L, Zhang J Y, Feng G N, Xu X L, Yang C, Jia Y L, Yu G H 2019 Appl. Phys. Lett. 115 172403 Google Scholar
[48]	Zhang J Y, Yang G, Wang S G, Liu J L, Wang R M, Amsellem E, Kohn A, Yu G H 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 106 152401 Google Scholar
[49]	Zhang J Y, Dou P W, Peng W L, Zhuang Y, Liu J L, Kohn A, Amsellem E, You C Y, Liu J Q, Zheng X Q, Yu G H, Jiang Y, Wang S G 2020 Appl. Surf. Sci. 521 146475 Google Scholar
[50]	Wang S G, Han G, Yu G H, Jiang Y, Wang C, Kohn A, Ward R C C 2007 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 310 1935 Google Scholar
[51]	Röβler U K, Bogdanov A N, Pfleiderer C 2006 Nature 442 797 Google Scholar
[52]	Jiang W J, Chen G, Liu K, Zang J D, te Velthuis S G E, Hoffmann A 2017 Phys. Rep. 704 1 Google Scholar
[53]	Kézsmárki I, Bordács S, Milde P, Neuber E, Eng L M, White J S, Rnnow H M, Dewhurst C D, Mochizuki M, Yanai K, Nakamura H, Ehlers D, Tsurkan V, Loidl A 2015 Nat. Mater. 14 1116 Google Scholar
[54]	Hou Z P, Ren W J, Ding B, Xu G Z, Wang Y, Yang B, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Liu E K, Xu F, Wang W H, Wu G H, Zhang X X, Shen B G, Zhang Z D 2017 Adv. Mater. 29 1701144 Google Scholar
[55]	Takagi R, Yu X Z, White J S, Shibata K, Kaneko Y, Tatara G, Rnnow H M, Tokura Y, Seki S 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 037203 Google Scholar
[56]	Moreau-Luchaire C, Moutafis C, Reyren N, Sampaio J, Vaz C A F, Van Horne N, Bouzehouane K, Garcia K, Deranlot C, Warnicke P, Wohlhüter P, George J M, Weigand M, Raabe J, Cros V, Fert A 2016 Nat. Nanotechnol. 11 444 Google Scholar
[57]	Boulle O, Vogel J, Yang H X, Pizzini S, Chaves D de S, Locatelli A, Mentes T O, Sala A, Prejbeanu L D B, Klein O, Belmeguenai M, Roussigné Y, Stashkevich A, Chérif S M, Aballe L, Foerster M, Chshiev M, Auffret S, Miron loan M, Gaudin G 2016 Nat. Nanotechnol. 11 449 Google Scholar
[58]	Woo S, Litzius K, Krüger B, Im M Y, Caretta L, Richter K, Mann M, Krone A, Reeve R M, Weigand M, Agrawal P, Lemesh I, Mawass M A, Fischer P, Klui M, Beach G S D 2016 Nat. Mater. 15 501 Google Scholar
[59]	Pollard S D, Garlow J A, Yu J W, Wang Z, Zhu Y M, Yang H 2017 Nat. Commun. 8 14761 Google Scholar
[60]	Guang Y, Bykova I, Liu Y Z, Yu G Q, Goering E, Weigand M, Grfe J, Kim S K, Zhang J W, Zhang H, Yan Z R, Wan C H, Feng J F, Wang X, Guo C Y, Wei H X, Peng Y, Tserkovnyak Y, Han X F, Schütz G 2020 Nat. Commun. 11 949 Google Scholar
[61]	Garlow J A, Pollard S D, Beleggia M, Dutta T, Yang H, Zhu Y M 2019 Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 237201 Google Scholar
[62]	Meyer S, Perini M, von Malottki S, Kubetzka A, Wiesendanger R, von Bergmann K, Heinze S 2019 Nat. Commun. 10 3823 Google Scholar
[63]	Raju M, Yagil A, Soumyanarayanan A, Tan A K C, Almoalem A, Ma F S, Auslaender O M, Panagopoulos C 2019 Nat. Commun. 10 696 Google Scholar
[64]	Yu X Z, Onose Y, Kanazawa N, Park J H, Han J H, Matsui Y, Nagaosa N, Tokura Y 2010 Nature 465 901 Google Scholar
[65]	Yu X Z, Kanazawa N, Zhang W Z, Nagai T, Hara T, Kimoto K, Matsui Y, Onose Y, Tokura Y 2012 Nat. Commun. 3 988 Google Scholar
[66]	Seki S, Yu X Z, Ishiwata S, Tokura Y 2012 Science 336 198 Google Scholar
[67]	Wang W H, Zhang Y, Xu G Z, Peng L C, Ding B, Wang Y, Hou Z P, Zhang X M, Li X Y, Liu E K, Wang S G, Cai J W, Wang F W, Li J Q, Hu F X, Wu G H, Shen B G, Zhang X X 2016 Adv. Mater. 28 6887 Google Scholar
[68]	Du H F, Liang D, Jin C M, Kong L Y, Stolt M J, Ning W, Yang J Y, Xing Y, Wang J, Che R C, Zang J D, Jin S, Zhang Y H, Tian M L 2015 Nat. Commun. 6 7637 Google Scholar
[69]	Zheng F S, Li H, Wang S S, Song D S, Jin C M, Wei W S, Kovacs A, Zang J D, Tian M L, Zhang Y H, Du H F, Borkowski R E D 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 197205 Google Scholar
[70]	Soumyanarayanan A, Raju M, Oyarce A L G, Tan A K C, Im M Y, Petrovic A P, Ho P, Khoo K H, Tran M, Gan C K, Ernult F, Panagopoulos C 2017 Nat. Mater. 16 898 Google Scholar
[71]	Miao B F, Sun L, Wu Y W, Tao X D, Xiong X, Wen Y, Cao R X, Wang P, Wu D, Zhan Q F, You B, Du J, Li R W, Ding H F 2014 Phys. Rev. B 90 174411 Google Scholar
[72]	Dai Y Y, Wang H, Tao P, Yang T, Ren W J, Zhang Z D 2013 Phys. Rev. B 88 054403 Google Scholar
[73]	He M, Li G, Zhang Y, Peng L C, Cai J W, Li J Q, Wei H X, Gu L, Zhao T Y, Shen B G 2017 Appl. Phys. Lett. 111 202403 Google Scholar
[74]	Jiang W J, Upadhyaya P, Zhang W, Yu G Q, Jungfleisch M B, Fradin F Y, Pearson J E, Tserkovnyak Y, Wang K L, Heinonen O, te Velthuis S G E, Hoffmann A 2015 Science 349 283 Google Scholar
[75]	董博闻, 张静言, 彭丽聪, 何敏, 张颖, 赵云驰, 王超, 孙阳, 蔡建旺, 王文洪, 魏红祥, 沈保根, 姜勇, 王守国 2018 67 137507 Google Scholar Dong B W, Zhang J Y, Peng L C, He M, Zhang Y, Zhao Y C, Wang C, Sun Y, Cai J W, Wang W H, Wei H X, Shen B G, Jiang Y, Wang S G 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 137507 Google Scholar
[76]	张志东 2015 64 067503 Zhang Z D 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 067503
[77]	侯志鹏, 丁贝, 李航, 徐桂舟, 王文洪, 吴光恒 2018 67 137509 Google Scholar Hou Z P, Ding B, Li H, Xu G Z, Wang W H, Wu G H 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 137509 Google Scholar
[78]	Jin C M, Du H F 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 128501 Google Scholar
[79]	夏静, 韩宗益, 宋怡凡, 江文婧, 林柳蓉, 张溪超, 刘小晰, 周艳 2018 67 137505 Google Scholar Xia J, Han Z Y, Song Y F, Jiang W J, Lin L R, Zhang X C, Liu X X, Zhou Y 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 137505 Google Scholar
[80]	梁雪, 赵莉, 邱雷, 李双, 丁丽红, 丰友华, 张溪超, 周艳, 赵国平 2018 67 137510 Google Scholar Liang X, Zhao L, Qiu L, Li S, Ding L H, Feng Y H, Zhang X C, Zhou Y, Zhao G P 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 137510 Google Scholar
[81]	Jiang W J, Zhang X C, Yu G Q, Zhang W, Wang X, Jungfleisch M B, Pearson J E, Cheng X M, Heinonen O, Wang K L 2017 Nat. Phys. 13 162 Google Scholar
[82]	Zhang X C, Zhou Y, Ezawa M 2017 Nat. Commun. 7 10293
[83]	Akosa C A, Tretiakov O A, Tatara G, Manchon A 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 121 097204 Google Scholar
[84]	Barker J, Tretiakov O A 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 147203 Google Scholar
[85]	Shen L C, Xia J, Zhao G P, Zhang X C, Ezawa M, Tretiakov O A, Liu X X, Zhou Y 2018 Phys. Rev. B 98 134448 Google Scholar
[86]	Caretta L, Mann M, Büttner F, Ueda K, Pfau B, Günther C M, Hessing P, Churikova A, Klose C, Schneider M, Engel D, Marcus C, Bono D, Bagschik K, Eisebitt S, Beach G S D 2018 Nat. Nanotechnol. 13 1154 Google Scholar
[87]	Hirata Y, Kim D H, Kim S K, Lee D K, Oh S H, Kim D Y, Nishimura T, Okuno T, Futakawa Y, Yoshikawa H, Tsukamoto A, Tserkovnyak Y, Shiota Y, Moriyama T, Choe S B, Lee K J 2019 Nat. Nanotechnol. 14 232 Google Scholar
[88]	Zhang J Y, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Zhao G P, Qiu L, Wang K Y, Dou P W, Peng W L, Zhuang Y, Wu Y F, Yu G Q, Zhu Z Z, Zhao Y C, Guo Y Q, Zhu T, Cai J W, Shen B G, Wang S G 2020 Adv. Mater. 32 1907452 Google Scholar
[89]	郭尔佳, 朱涛 2019 物理 48 708 Google Scholar Guo E J, Zhu T 2019 Physics 48 708 Google Scholar
[90]	Ankner J F, Felcher G P 1999 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 200 741 Google Scholar
[91]	Zhu T, Yang Y, Yu R C, Ambaye H, Lauter V, Xiao J Q 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 202406 Google Scholar
[92]	Liu T, Lacour D, Montaigne F, Gall S Le, Hehn M, Hauet T 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 106 052406 Google Scholar
[93]	孙明娟, 刘要稳 2015 64 247505 Google Scholar Sun M J, Liu Y W 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 247505 Google Scholar
[94]	Xu H N, Xia Y D, Xu B, Yin J, Yuan G L, Liu Z G 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 27022 Google Scholar
[95]	Saldanha D R, Dugato D A, Mori T J A, Daudt N F, Dorneles L S, Denardin J C 2018 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 51 395001 Google Scholar
[96]	Pattnaik D P, Beardsley R P, Love C, Cavill S A, Edmonds K W, Rushforth A W 2019 Sci. Rep. 9 3156 Google Scholar
[97]	van Thiel T C, Groenendijk D J, Caviglia A D 2020 J. Phys.: Mater. 3 025005 Google Scholar
[98]	Wysocki L, Yang L, Gunkel F, Dittmann R, van Loosdrecht P H M, Vrejoiu I L 2020 Phys. Rev. Mater. 4 054402 Google Scholar
[99]	Li S, Lu J, Wen L J, Pan D, Wang H L, Wei D H, Zhao J H 2020 Chin. Phys. Lett. 37 077303 Google Scholar
[100]	Wang H, Dai Y Y, Liu Z R, Xie Q D, Liu C, Lin W N, Liu L, Yang P, Wang J, Venkatesan T V, Chow G M, Tian H, Zhang Z D, Chen J S 2020 Adv. Mater. 32 1904415 Google Scholar

[1]	Jin Zhe-Jun-Yu, Zeng Zhao-Zhuo, Cao Yun-Shan, Yan Peng. Magnon Hall effect. Acta Physica Sinica, 2024, 73(1): 017501. doi: 10.7498/aps.73.20231589
[2]	Shi Meng, Wang Wei-Wei, Du Hai-Feng. Exploring approximate analytical expression for magnetic skyrmion structure based on symbolic regression method. Acta Physica Sinica, 2024, 73(1): 011201. doi: 10.7498/aps.73.20231473
[3]	Liu Yi, Qian Zheng-Hong, Zhu Jian-Guo. Research progress of room temperature magnetic skyrmion and its application. Acta Physica Sinica, 2020, 69(23): 231201. doi: 10.7498/aps.69.20200984
[4]	Chi Xiao-Dan, Hu Yong. Modulation of skyrmion diameter in centrosymmetric frustrated magnet. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137502. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20172709
[5]	Zhao Wei-Sheng, Huang Yang-Qi, Zhang Xue-Ying, Kang Wang, Lei Na, Zhang You-Guang. Overview and advances in skyrmionics. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 131205. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180554
[6]	Dong Bo-Wen, Zhang Jing-Yan, Peng Li-Cong, He Min, Zhang Ying, Zhao Yun-Chi, Wang Chao, Sun Yang, Cai Jian-Wang, Wang Wen-Hong, Wei Hong-Xiang, Shen Bao-Gen, Jiang Yong, Wang Shou-Guo. Multi-field control on magnetic skyrmions. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137507. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180931
[7]	Liu Yi-Zhou, Zang Jiadong. Overview and outlook of magnetic skyrmions. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 131201. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180619
[8]	Hou Zhi-Peng, Ding Bei, Li Hang, Xu Gui-Zhou, Wang Wen-Hong, Wu Guang-Heng. Observation of new-type magnetic skymrions with extremerely high temperature stability and fabrication of skyrmion-based race-track memory device. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137509. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180419
[9]	Jin Chen-Dong, Song Cheng-Kun, Wang Jin-Shuai, Wang Jian-Bo, Liu Qing-Fang. Research progress of micromagnetic magnetic skyrmions and applications. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137504. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180165
[10]	Kong Ling-Yao. Research progress on topological properties and micro-magnetic simulation study in dynamics of magnetic skyrmions. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137506. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180235
[11]	Zhang Lei. Critical behaviors of helimagnetic ordering systems relating to skyrmion. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137501. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180137
[12]	Xu Gui-Zhou, Xu Zhan, Ding Bei, Hou Zhi-Peng, Wang Wen-Hong, Xu Feng. Magnetic domain chirality and tuning of skyrmion topology. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137508. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180513
[13]	Li Zi-An, Chai Ke, Zhang Ming, Zhu Chun-Hui, Tian Huan-Fang, Yang Huai-Xin. In situ electron holography of magnetic skyrmions in nanostructures. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 131203. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180426
[14]	Xia Jing, Han Zong-Yi, Song Yi-Fan, Jiang Wen-Jing, Lin Liu-Rong, Zhang Xi-Chao, Liu Xiao-Xi, Zhou Yan. Overview of magnetic skyrmion-based devices and applications. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137505. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180894
[15]	Hu Yang-Fan, Wan Xue-Jin, Wang Biao. Magnetoelastic phenomena and mechanisms of magnetic skyrmion crystal. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 136201. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180251
[16]	Liang Xue, Zhao Li, Qiu Lei, Li Shuang, Ding Li-Hong, Feng You-Hua, Zhang Xi-Chao, Zhou Yan, Zhao Guo-Ping. Skyrmions-based magnetic racetrack memory. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 137510. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180764
[17]	Li Wen-Jing, Guang Yao, Yu Guo-Qiang, Wan Cai-Hua, Feng Jia-Feng, Han Xiu-Feng. Skyrmions in magnetic thin film heterostructures. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(13): 131204. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20180549
[18]	Cheng Cheng, Zhang Xiao-Le, Qing Bo, Li Jia-Ming, Gao Xiang. Full-relativistic multi-configuration self-consistent calculation of atomic structures and physical properties——Construction of “quasi-complete basis sets” and configuration interaction calculations. Acta Physica Sinica, 2010, 59(7): 4547-4555. doi: 10.7498/aps.59.4547
[19]	TAN MING-LIANG, ZHU ZHENG-HE, ZHAO YONG-KUN, CHEN XIAO-FENG. RELATIVISTIC MULTICONFIGURATION CALCULATION OF FINE-STRUCTURE ENERGY LEVELS AND TRANSITIONS FOR Cu-LIKE Au50+. Acta Physica Sinica, 1996, 45(10): 1609-1614. doi: 10.7498/aps.45.1609
[20]	WANG WAN-JUE. RELATIVISTIC MULTICONFIGURATION DIRAC-FOCK CALCULATION OF FINE-STRUCTURE ENERGY LEVELS AND TRANSITION WAVELENGTHS FOR N-LIKE KXIII, CaXIV, ScXV AND TiXVI. Acta Physica Sinica, 1992, 41(5): 726-731. doi: 10.7498/aps.41.726

Catalog

Vol. 70, Issue 4 - 2021-02-20

Metrics

Abstract views: 9208
PDF Downloads: 271
Cited By: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

Search

Article

留言板