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In order to consider comprehensively the effects of high-energy electron radiation and space plasma on the exposed dielectrics outside a spacecraft, in this paper, a model named surface and internal coupling charging model for the exposed dielectric of spacecraft is proposed, and its numerical solution is obtained. It is based on the deep dielectric charging model, with considering the interaction between the exposed dielectric surface and the ambient plasma by adding an incident charging current into the boundary in the proposed model, and the potential of infinite plasma is regarded as the referential potential (zero potential). The determinate solution of the model is analyzed and a numerical solution in one-dimensional case is provided by using an iterative algorithm to overcome the coupling between electric field and conductivity. The solution includes the potential of spacecraft body, the distribution of dielectric potential, and the electric field. Moreover, the new model is compared with surface charging model and internal charging model. The results show that the new model has an advatage of depicting the electric field exactly with respect to the surface charging model; if the internal deposition current is equal to zero, the new model degenerates into the one depicting the surface charging. It considers the effect of surface potential on charging results compared with the internal charging model. The three kinds of currents, namely the surface incident current, the internal deposition current and the leakage current, are considered comprehensively in the new model. Among them, the leakage current is the most complicated, which is determined by the potential and the dielectric conductivity affected by the electric field, radiation dose rate, and temperature. Using this new model, the surface and internal coupling charging simulation of the exposed dielectric can be performed. Therefore, the new model can provide a more comprehensive assessment for the charging of exposed dielectric of spacecraft.
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Keywords:
- charging model /
- exposed dielectric /
- surface charging /
- deep dielectric charging
[1] Mazur J E, Fennell J F, Roeder J L, O'Brien P T, Guild T B, Likar J J 2012 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 40 237
[2] Roeder J L, Fennell J F 2009 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 37 281
[3] Lai S T, Tautz M 2006 J. Geophys. Res. 111 338
[4] Green N W, Dennison J R 2008 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 36 2482
[5] Han J, Huang J, Liu Z, Wang S 2005 J. Spacecraft Rockets 42 1061
[6] Garrett H B, Whittlesey A C 2000 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 28 2017
[7] Lai S T 2012 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 40 402
[8] Huang J G, Chen D (in Chinese) [黄建国, 陈东 2004 地球 47 442]
[9] Li S T, Li G C, Min D M, Zhao N 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 059401 (in Chinese) [李盛涛, 李国倡, 闵道敏, 赵妮 2013 62 059401]
[10] Cao H F, Liu S H, Sun Y W, Yuan Q Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 119401 (in Chinese) [曹鹤飞, 刘尚合, 孙永卫, 原青云 2013 62 119401]
[11] Yuan Q Y, Sun Y W, Cai H F, Liu C L (in Chinese) [原青云, 孙永卫, 曹鹤飞, 刘存礼 2013 高电压技术 39 2392]
[12] Lai S T 2012 Fundamentals of Spacecraft Charging:Spacecraft Interactions with Space Plasmas (Princeton:Princeton University Press)
[13] Wang S, Wu Z C, Tang X J, Sun Y W, Yi Z 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 025201 (in Chinese) [王松, 武占成, 唐小金, 孙永卫, 易忠 2016 65 025201]
[14] Wang S, Tang X J, Wu Z C, Yi Z 2016 Chin. J. Space Sci. 36 202 (in Chinese) [王松, 唐小金, 武占成, 易忠 2016 空间科学学报 36 202]
[15] Wang S, Tang X J, Sun Y W, Wu Z C, Yi Z (in Chinese) [王松, 唐小金, 孙永卫, 武占成, 易忠 2016 高电压技术 42 1429]
[16] Wang S, Tang X J, Wu Z C, Yi Z 2015 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 43 4169
[17] Wang S, Wu Z C, Tang X J, Yi Z (in Chinese) [王松, 武占成, 唐小金, 易忠 2015 航天器环境工程 32 268]
[18] Garrett H B 1981 Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 9 577
[19] Labonte K 1982 IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 29 1650
[20] Sessler G M 1992 IEEE Trans. Electr. Insul. 27 961
[21] Help:EQUIPOT spacecraft surface charging code [online] Available:https://www.spenvis.oma.be/, accessed Mar. 1, 2010 [2018-3-26]
[22] Katz I, Mandell M, Jongeward G 1986 J. Geophys. Research 91 739
[23] Thibault B, Jeanty-Ruard B, Souquet P 2015 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 43 2782
[24] Jean-Charles M V, Theillaumas B, Svoz M 2015 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 43 2808
[25] ECSS-E-ST-10-04C-2008 Space Engineering- Space Environment 2008 p46
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[1] Mazur J E, Fennell J F, Roeder J L, O'Brien P T, Guild T B, Likar J J 2012 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 40 237
[2] Roeder J L, Fennell J F 2009 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 37 281
[3] Lai S T, Tautz M 2006 J. Geophys. Res. 111 338
[4] Green N W, Dennison J R 2008 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 36 2482
[5] Han J, Huang J, Liu Z, Wang S 2005 J. Spacecraft Rockets 42 1061
[6] Garrett H B, Whittlesey A C 2000 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 28 2017
[7] Lai S T 2012 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 40 402
[8] Huang J G, Chen D (in Chinese) [黄建国, 陈东 2004 地球 47 442]
[9] Li S T, Li G C, Min D M, Zhao N 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 059401 (in Chinese) [李盛涛, 李国倡, 闵道敏, 赵妮 2013 62 059401]
[10] Cao H F, Liu S H, Sun Y W, Yuan Q Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 119401 (in Chinese) [曹鹤飞, 刘尚合, 孙永卫, 原青云 2013 62 119401]
[11] Yuan Q Y, Sun Y W, Cai H F, Liu C L (in Chinese) [原青云, 孙永卫, 曹鹤飞, 刘存礼 2013 高电压技术 39 2392]
[12] Lai S T 2012 Fundamentals of Spacecraft Charging:Spacecraft Interactions with Space Plasmas (Princeton:Princeton University Press)
[13] Wang S, Wu Z C, Tang X J, Sun Y W, Yi Z 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 025201 (in Chinese) [王松, 武占成, 唐小金, 孙永卫, 易忠 2016 65 025201]
[14] Wang S, Tang X J, Wu Z C, Yi Z 2016 Chin. J. Space Sci. 36 202 (in Chinese) [王松, 唐小金, 武占成, 易忠 2016 空间科学学报 36 202]
[15] Wang S, Tang X J, Sun Y W, Wu Z C, Yi Z (in Chinese) [王松, 唐小金, 孙永卫, 武占成, 易忠 2016 高电压技术 42 1429]
[16] Wang S, Tang X J, Wu Z C, Yi Z 2015 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 43 4169
[17] Wang S, Wu Z C, Tang X J, Yi Z (in Chinese) [王松, 武占成, 唐小金, 易忠 2015 航天器环境工程 32 268]
[18] Garrett H B 1981 Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 9 577
[19] Labonte K 1982 IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 29 1650
[20] Sessler G M 1992 IEEE Trans. Electr. Insul. 27 961
[21] Help:EQUIPOT spacecraft surface charging code [online] Available:https://www.spenvis.oma.be/, accessed Mar. 1, 2010 [2018-3-26]
[22] Katz I, Mandell M, Jongeward G 1986 J. Geophys. Research 91 739
[23] Thibault B, Jeanty-Ruard B, Souquet P 2015 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 43 2782
[24] Jean-Charles M V, Theillaumas B, Svoz M 2015 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 43 2808
[25] ECSS-E-ST-10-04C-2008 Space Engineering- Space Environment 2008 p46
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