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Free space optical-communication (FSO) has gained significant importance due to its unique features: large bandwidth, license free spectrum, high data rate, easy and quick deployability, less power and low mass requirement. However, the performance of FSO is degraded in the turbid and turbulent atmosphere, dramatically. Various techniques are proposed to cope with the turbid media and turbulence in atmosphere, e. g. aperture averaging, diversity, adaptive optics, modulation and coding and orbital angular momentum. However, in the above systems with point-to-point optical communication structure, there exist obvious drawbacks or they are complex and expensive, and thus difficult to use in practice. In this article, array-to-point optical communication (APOC) with good performance in turbid and turbulent atmosphere is demonstrated. The strongly disturbed communication channel can be expressed as a circular complex Gaussian transmission matrix, and the transmitted field is described as a linear combination of the fields coming from different and independent segments of the digital micro-mirror device (DMD), so that the cross terms are averaged on the surface of bucket detector. Instead, the contributions of all segments for each light field nearly becomes equally weighted. Turbulence and other noises are reduced for the incoherence with sampling matrix based on the second-order correlation which has widely been used in ghost imaging and LIDAR. Consequently, narrow-band optical filter is not required at the receiver. The decoding algorithm is a new signal processing strategy from information technology, compressed sensing, which discards low frequency components in sampling process and recovers the signal by conducting convex optimization. Numerical simulations and experiments with binary and multi-bits level signals are demonstrated to show that the bit error rate of the proposed method APOC is approximately 10-4-10-2, which is feasible for the optical communication in such complex communication channels. The communication rate, limited by the frequency of the DMD and the sampling rate of the receiver, could reach hundreds of kbit/s, and with improved technology a rate of Mbit/s should be attainable. This proposed APOC could realize optical communication in turbid and turbulent atmosphere and thus offers a very effective approach to promoting the implementation in military and rescue.
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Keywords:
- optical communication /
- turbid media /
- second-order correlation /
- compressed sensing
[1] Ying C L, Lu H H, Li C Y, Cheng C J, Peng P C, Ho W J 2015 Opt. Lett. 40 3276
[2] Chan V W 2006 J. Lightwave Technol. 24 4750
[3] Henniger H, Wilfert O 2010 Radioengineering 19 203
[4] Mo Q Y, Zhao Y L 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 072902 (in Chinese) [莫秋燕, 赵彦立 2011 60 072902]
[5] Andrews L C 1992 JOSA A 9 597
[6] Zocchi F E 2005 Opt. Commun. 248 395
[7] Tyson R 2010 Principles of Adaptive Optics (Boca Raton, London, New York: CRC Press)
[8] Chatzidiamantis N D, Karagiannidis G K, Uysal M 2010 Commun. IEEE Trans. on. 58 3381
[9] Alzubi J A, Alzubi O A, Chen T M 2014 Forward Error Correction Based On Algebraic-Geometric Theory (New York: Springer)
[10] Popoff S M, Lerosey G, Carminati R, Fink M, Boccara A C, Gigan S 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 100601
[11] Mosk A P, Lagendijk A, Lerosey G, Fink M 2012 Nature Photon 6 283
[12] Aulbach J, Gjonaj B, Johnson P M, Mosk A P, Lagendijk A 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 103901
[13] Mccabe D J, Tajalli A, Austin D R, Bondareff P, Walmsley I A, Gigan S, Chatel B 2011 Nat. Commun. 2 447
[14] Mandel L, Wolf E 1995 Optical Coherence and Quantum Optics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
[15] Ning F L, He B J, Wei J 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 174212 (in Chinese) [宁方立, 何碧静, 韦娟 2013 62 174212]
[16] Li G M, L S X 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 160502 (in Chinese) [李广明, 吕善翔 2015 64 160502]
[17] Donoho D L 2006 IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 52 1289
[18] Shapiro J H 2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 61802
[19] Gong W 2015 Photon. Res. 3 234
[20] Zhang C, Guo S, Cao J, Guan J, Gao F 2014 Opt. Express 22 30063
[21] Li C, Yin W, Zhang Y 2009 CAAM Report
[22] Dudley D, Duncan W M, Slaughter J 2003 Conference on MOEMS Display and Imaging Systems San Jose, USA, January 28-29, 2003 pp14-25
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[1] Ying C L, Lu H H, Li C Y, Cheng C J, Peng P C, Ho W J 2015 Opt. Lett. 40 3276
[2] Chan V W 2006 J. Lightwave Technol. 24 4750
[3] Henniger H, Wilfert O 2010 Radioengineering 19 203
[4] Mo Q Y, Zhao Y L 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 072902 (in Chinese) [莫秋燕, 赵彦立 2011 60 072902]
[5] Andrews L C 1992 JOSA A 9 597
[6] Zocchi F E 2005 Opt. Commun. 248 395
[7] Tyson R 2010 Principles of Adaptive Optics (Boca Raton, London, New York: CRC Press)
[8] Chatzidiamantis N D, Karagiannidis G K, Uysal M 2010 Commun. IEEE Trans. on. 58 3381
[9] Alzubi J A, Alzubi O A, Chen T M 2014 Forward Error Correction Based On Algebraic-Geometric Theory (New York: Springer)
[10] Popoff S M, Lerosey G, Carminati R, Fink M, Boccara A C, Gigan S 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 100601
[11] Mosk A P, Lagendijk A, Lerosey G, Fink M 2012 Nature Photon 6 283
[12] Aulbach J, Gjonaj B, Johnson P M, Mosk A P, Lagendijk A 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 103901
[13] Mccabe D J, Tajalli A, Austin D R, Bondareff P, Walmsley I A, Gigan S, Chatel B 2011 Nat. Commun. 2 447
[14] Mandel L, Wolf E 1995 Optical Coherence and Quantum Optics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
[15] Ning F L, He B J, Wei J 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 174212 (in Chinese) [宁方立, 何碧静, 韦娟 2013 62 174212]
[16] Li G M, L S X 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 160502 (in Chinese) [李广明, 吕善翔 2015 64 160502]
[17] Donoho D L 2006 IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 52 1289
[18] Shapiro J H 2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 61802
[19] Gong W 2015 Photon. Res. 3 234
[20] Zhang C, Guo S, Cao J, Guan J, Gao F 2014 Opt. Express 22 30063
[21] Li C, Yin W, Zhang Y 2009 CAAM Report
[22] Dudley D, Duncan W M, Slaughter J 2003 Conference on MOEMS Display and Imaging Systems San Jose, USA, January 28-29, 2003 pp14-25
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