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Graphene has recently been proposed as an attractive material in saturable absorption (SA) applications due to its broad operation range, low saturation power, easy fabrication, high reliability, and quick recovery time. In this paper, we use laser-induced deposition to prepare graphene saturable absorber, and apply it in a mode-locked all-normal-dispersion (ANDi) Yb-doped fiber laser to experimentally investigate different operational states. By adjusting a polarization controller (PC) and the pump power, bright pulses, dark-bright pulse pairs and their second-harmonic pulses, as well as dark pulses and their second, third-harmonic pulses can all be obeserved. In particular, it is the first time to our knowledge to report on the formation of dark-bright pulse pairs, dark pulses and their harmonic mode locking (HML) counterparts in graphene-based passively mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser with ANDi cavity. Accoding to simulation, the main causes of these pulses are different cavity nonlinear effects which result from the fiber mode-lock members including graphene. Bright pulses, dark pulses and dark-bright pulse pairs are determined both by the laser structure and their own initial signals. Bright pulse harmonic generation is ascribed to the noise gains which form new components. However, it is found that the multiple-time repetition rate of dark pulses is a result of square pulse splitting of each component. This consequence may be of potential application in new type mode-locked fiber lasers.
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Keywords:
- fiber laser /
- graphene /
- dark pulse /
- harmonic
[1] Feng D J, Hang W Y, Jiang S Z, Ji W, Jia D F 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 054202(in Chinese) [冯德军, 黄文育, 姜守振, 季伟, 贾东方 2013 62 054202]
[2] Ge P G, Su L M, Liu J, Zheng L H, Su L B, Xu J, X., Wang Y G 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 014207
[3] Bao Q, Zhang H, Wang Y, Ni Z, Yan Y, Shen Z X, Loh K P, Tang D Y 2009 Adv. Funct. Maert. 19 3077
[4] Wang G H, Wang Z T, Chen Y, Zhao C J, Zhang H, Wen S C 2012 Chin. J. Lasers 39 0602003 (in Chinese) [汪光辉, 王志腾, 陈宇, 赵楚军, 张晗, 文双春 2012 中国激光 39 0602003]
[5] Chen G, Jiang Z W, Peng J G, Li H Q, Dai N L, Li J Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 144206(in Chinese) [陈瑰, 蒋作文, 彭景刚, 李海清, 戴能利, 李进延 2012 61 144206]
[6] Kivshar Y S, Luther-Davies B 1998 Phys. Rep. 298 81
[7] Zhang H, Tang D Y, Zhao L M, Wu X 2009 Phys. Rev. A 80 045803
[8] Zhang H, Tang D Y, Zhao L M, Knize R J 2010 Opt. Express. 18 4428
[9] Tang D Y, Zhang H, Zhao L M, Wu X 2009 Proceedings of the 14th OptoElectronics and Communications Conference Hong Kong, July13-17, 2009 p1
[10] Song Y W, Jang S Y, Han W S, Bae M K 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 051122
[11] Luo Z Q, Zhou M, Weng J, Huang G M, Xu H Y, Ye C C, Cai Z P 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 3709
[12] Xu Z W, Zhang Z X 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 104210(in Chinese) [徐中巍, 张祖兴 2013 62 104210]
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[1] Feng D J, Hang W Y, Jiang S Z, Ji W, Jia D F 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 054202(in Chinese) [冯德军, 黄文育, 姜守振, 季伟, 贾东方 2013 62 054202]
[2] Ge P G, Su L M, Liu J, Zheng L H, Su L B, Xu J, X., Wang Y G 2015 Chin. Phys. B 24 014207
[3] Bao Q, Zhang H, Wang Y, Ni Z, Yan Y, Shen Z X, Loh K P, Tang D Y 2009 Adv. Funct. Maert. 19 3077
[4] Wang G H, Wang Z T, Chen Y, Zhao C J, Zhang H, Wen S C 2012 Chin. J. Lasers 39 0602003 (in Chinese) [汪光辉, 王志腾, 陈宇, 赵楚军, 张晗, 文双春 2012 中国激光 39 0602003]
[5] Chen G, Jiang Z W, Peng J G, Li H Q, Dai N L, Li J Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 144206(in Chinese) [陈瑰, 蒋作文, 彭景刚, 李海清, 戴能利, 李进延 2012 61 144206]
[6] Kivshar Y S, Luther-Davies B 1998 Phys. Rep. 298 81
[7] Zhang H, Tang D Y, Zhao L M, Wu X 2009 Phys. Rev. A 80 045803
[8] Zhang H, Tang D Y, Zhao L M, Knize R J 2010 Opt. Express. 18 4428
[9] Tang D Y, Zhang H, Zhao L M, Wu X 2009 Proceedings of the 14th OptoElectronics and Communications Conference Hong Kong, July13-17, 2009 p1
[10] Song Y W, Jang S Y, Han W S, Bae M K 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 051122
[11] Luo Z Q, Zhou M, Weng J, Huang G M, Xu H Y, Ye C C, Cai Z P 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 3709
[12] Xu Z W, Zhang Z X 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 104210(in Chinese) [徐中巍, 张祖兴 2013 62 104210]
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