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Cylindrical vector beams (CVB) can exhibit a unique optical field distribution and focusing characteristic, due to the cylindrical symmetry in polarization. They are widely used in optical micro-manipulation, super-resolution imaging etc. and can be extended to subwavelength scale applications rapidly. Usually, the focusing CVB in subwavelength dimensions is realized by using plasmonic lens. However, this method is restricted by the state of polarization of electromagnetic waves. Nevertheless, when the negative refraction effect of photonic crystals is utilized, subwavelength focusing or imaging can be achieved in orthogonal states of polarization simultaneously. In this paper, the one-dimensional metallic photonic crystal (1D-MPC) with stronger manipulation ability is discussed. The calculated band structure and equi-frequency surfaces show negative refraction for both orthogonal states of polarization in a specific wavelength band. A cylindrical 1D-MPC plano-concave lens is designed to simultaneously focus radially and azimuthally polarized beams to subwavelength dimensions in visible spectrum. This phenomenon is simulated using the finite element method. Furthermore, variation of the polarization components in CVB can directly modulate the spacial intensity and the polarization distribution in the focal field. In fact, subwavelength focusing of CVB with arbitrary polarization components can be achieved by using the 1D-MPC plano-concave lens. The scheme proposed in this paper can be taken as reference for other wavelength bands as well. This study is also valuable for optical micro-manipulation of small particle, super-resolution imaging, and other related areas.
[1] Zhan Q 2009 Adv. Opt. Photon. 1 1
[2] Prabakaran K, Chandrasekaran R, Mahadevan G, Jaroszewicz Z, Rajesh K B, Pillai T V S 2013 Opt. Commun. 295 230
[3] Zhao W Q, Tang F, Qiu L R, Liu D L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 054201 (in Chinese) [赵维谦, 唐芳, 邱丽荣, 刘大礼 2013 62 054201]
[4] Zhan Q, Leger J 2002 Opt. Express 10 324
[5] Wróbel P, Pniewski J, Antosiewicz T J, Szoplik T 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 183902
[6] Ko H, Kim H C, Cheng M 2010 Appl. Opt. 49 950
[7] Shi H, Guo L J 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 141107
[8] Yu Y, Zappe H 2011 Opt. Express 19 9434
[9] Gjonaj B, Aulbach J, Johnson P M, Mosk A P, Kuiperrs L, Lagendijk A 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 266804
[10] Veselago V G 1964 Usp. Fiz. Nauk 92 517
[11] Pendry J B 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 3966
[12] Schurig D, Smith D R 2004 Phys. Rev. E 70 065601
[13] Chen J, Radu C, Puri A 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 071119
[14] Smith D R, Kroll N 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 2933
[15] Shelby R A, Smith D R, Schultz S 2001 Science 292 77
[16] Yablonovitch E 1987 Phys. Rev. Lett. 58 2059
[17] Yablonovitch E, Gmitter T J 1989 Phys. Rev. Lett. 63 1950
[18] Vodo P, Lu W T, Huang Y, Sridhar S 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 084104
[19] Vodo P, Parimi P V, Lu W T, Sridhar S 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 201108
[20] Cubukcu E, Aydin K, Ozbay E, Foteinopoulou S, Soukoulis C M 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 207401
[21] Joannopoulos J D, Johnson S G, Winn J N, Meade R D 2011 Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light (New Jersey: Princeton University Press) p55
[22] Johnson P B, Christy R W 1972 Phys. Rev. B 6 4370
[23] Drachev V P, Chettiar U K, Kildishev A V, Yuan H K, Cai W S, Shalaev V M 2008 Opt. Express 16 1186
[24] Chen W Q, Mark D T, Satoshi I, Alexander V K, Vladimir M S 2010 Opt. Express 18 5124
[25] Palik E D 1998 Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids (Vol. 3) (San Diego: Academic Press) p356
[26] Pu J X, Wang T, Lin H C, Li C L 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 089201
[27] Chen J N, Xu Q F, Wang G 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 114211
[28] Yi X N, Li Y, Liu Y C, Ling X H, Zhang Z Y, Luo H L 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 094203 (in Chinese) [易煦农, 李瑛, 刘亚超, 凌晓辉, 张志友, 罗海陆 2014 63 094203]
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[1] Zhan Q 2009 Adv. Opt. Photon. 1 1
[2] Prabakaran K, Chandrasekaran R, Mahadevan G, Jaroszewicz Z, Rajesh K B, Pillai T V S 2013 Opt. Commun. 295 230
[3] Zhao W Q, Tang F, Qiu L R, Liu D L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 054201 (in Chinese) [赵维谦, 唐芳, 邱丽荣, 刘大礼 2013 62 054201]
[4] Zhan Q, Leger J 2002 Opt. Express 10 324
[5] Wróbel P, Pniewski J, Antosiewicz T J, Szoplik T 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 183902
[6] Ko H, Kim H C, Cheng M 2010 Appl. Opt. 49 950
[7] Shi H, Guo L J 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 141107
[8] Yu Y, Zappe H 2011 Opt. Express 19 9434
[9] Gjonaj B, Aulbach J, Johnson P M, Mosk A P, Kuiperrs L, Lagendijk A 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 266804
[10] Veselago V G 1964 Usp. Fiz. Nauk 92 517
[11] Pendry J B 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 3966
[12] Schurig D, Smith D R 2004 Phys. Rev. E 70 065601
[13] Chen J, Radu C, Puri A 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 071119
[14] Smith D R, Kroll N 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 2933
[15] Shelby R A, Smith D R, Schultz S 2001 Science 292 77
[16] Yablonovitch E 1987 Phys. Rev. Lett. 58 2059
[17] Yablonovitch E, Gmitter T J 1989 Phys. Rev. Lett. 63 1950
[18] Vodo P, Lu W T, Huang Y, Sridhar S 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 084104
[19] Vodo P, Parimi P V, Lu W T, Sridhar S 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 201108
[20] Cubukcu E, Aydin K, Ozbay E, Foteinopoulou S, Soukoulis C M 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 207401
[21] Joannopoulos J D, Johnson S G, Winn J N, Meade R D 2011 Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light (New Jersey: Princeton University Press) p55
[22] Johnson P B, Christy R W 1972 Phys. Rev. B 6 4370
[23] Drachev V P, Chettiar U K, Kildishev A V, Yuan H K, Cai W S, Shalaev V M 2008 Opt. Express 16 1186
[24] Chen W Q, Mark D T, Satoshi I, Alexander V K, Vladimir M S 2010 Opt. Express 18 5124
[25] Palik E D 1998 Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids (Vol. 3) (San Diego: Academic Press) p356
[26] Pu J X, Wang T, Lin H C, Li C L 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 089201
[27] Chen J N, Xu Q F, Wang G 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 114211
[28] Yi X N, Li Y, Liu Y C, Ling X H, Zhang Z Y, Luo H L 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 094203 (in Chinese) [易煦农, 李瑛, 刘亚超, 凌晓辉, 张志友, 罗海陆 2014 63 094203]
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