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The effects of different precipitants (NH4HCO3 and NaOH) on the performances of ZnO varistor ceramics which were prepared by coprecipitation method were analyzed. There are noticeable influences for different precipitants to the microstructure and electrical performances of ZnO varistor ceramics. The change of microstructure is caused by the properties of precipitants themselves while the change of electrical performance is caused by the influence of precipitants to the grain boundary potential barrier properties. Besides, the donor impurity ion Na+ introduced by NaOH in the ZnO varistor ceramic will increase the free electron concentration in the grain. So the densities of intrinsic defects (zinc interstitial and oxygen vacancy) are restrained. The density of zinc interstitial is more sensitive to donor impurity ions compared with oxygen vacancy. Therefore the choice of precipitant is important when using coprecipitation method to prepare the powder of ZnO varistor ceramics. Even little impurity ions will result in the obvious change of the performance of varistor ceramics. The impurity ions should be avoided in the powder of ZnO varistor ceramics.
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Keywords:
- ZnO varistor ceramics /
- defect structure /
- precipitant /
- dielectric properties
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[2] Levinson L M, Philipp H R 1986 Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 65 639
[3] David R C 1999 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 82 485
[4] Li S T 1990 Ph. D. Dissertation (Xi’an: Xi’an Jiaotong University) (in Chinese) [李盛涛 1990 博士学位论文 (西安: 西安交通大学)]
[5] Li C, Li Z Q, Peng Z D 2000 J. Functional Mater. 31 180 (in Chinese) [李春, 李自强, 彭忠东 2000 功能材料 31 180]
[6] Chen Y F, Tang M T, Zhang B P, Yang S H 2004 Electron. Component. Mater. 23 23 (in Chinese) [陈艺锋, 唐谟堂, 张保平, 杨声海 2004 电子元件与材料 23 23]
[7] Milosevic O, Vasovic D, Poleti D, Karanovic L J, Petrovic V, Uskokovic D 1989 Ceram. Trans. 3 395
[8] Karak S Y, Lee W E 1994 Briti. Cerm. Trans. 93 65
[9] Tran H V 1989 Ceram. Trans. 3 420
[10] Yuan F L, Ling Y B, Li J L, Ji Y Z 1998 J. Inorganic Mater. 13 171 (in Chinese) [袁方利, 凌远兵, 李晋林, 季幼章 1998 无机材料学报 13 171]
[11] Peng Z D, Yang J H, Zou Z, Liu Y X, Li Z Q 1999 J. Inorganic Mater. 14 733 (in Chinese) [彭忠东, 杨建红, 邹忠, 刘业翔, 李自强 1999 无机材料学报 14 733]
[12] Yan G Q, Xie K X, Mo Z R, Lu Z L, Zou W Q, Wang S, Yue F J, Wu D, Zhang F M, Du Y W 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 1237 (in Chinese) [严国清, 谢凯旋, 莫仲荣, 陆忠林, 邹文琴, 王申, 岳凤娟, 吴镝, 张凤鸣, 都有为 2009 58 1237]
[13] Brankovic Z, Brankovic G, Poleti D, Varela J A 2001 Ceram. Intern. 27 115
[14] Pianaro S A, Bueno P R, Olivi P 1997 J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 16 634
[15] Gupta T K, Miller A C 1988 J. Mater. Res. 3 745
[16] Cheng P F, Li S T 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 4253 (in Chinese) [成鹏飞, 李盛涛 2006 55 4253]
[17] Cheng P F, Li S T, Li J Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 187302 (in Chinese) [成鹏飞, 李盛涛, 李建英 2012 61 187302]
[18] Fu H, Chen Z W, Shi B 1996 Acta Phys. Sin. 45 850 (in Chinese) [傅函, 陈志维, 石滨 1996 45 850]
[19] Li S T, Cheng P F, Zhao L, Li J Y 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 523 (in Chinese) [李盛涛, 成鹏飞, 赵雷, 李建英 2009 58 523]
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[1] Li S T 1998 Insulators and Surge Arresters 163 42 (in Chinese) [李盛涛 1998 电瓷避雷器 163 42]
[2] Levinson L M, Philipp H R 1986 Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 65 639
[3] David R C 1999 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 82 485
[4] Li S T 1990 Ph. D. Dissertation (Xi’an: Xi’an Jiaotong University) (in Chinese) [李盛涛 1990 博士学位论文 (西安: 西安交通大学)]
[5] Li C, Li Z Q, Peng Z D 2000 J. Functional Mater. 31 180 (in Chinese) [李春, 李自强, 彭忠东 2000 功能材料 31 180]
[6] Chen Y F, Tang M T, Zhang B P, Yang S H 2004 Electron. Component. Mater. 23 23 (in Chinese) [陈艺锋, 唐谟堂, 张保平, 杨声海 2004 电子元件与材料 23 23]
[7] Milosevic O, Vasovic D, Poleti D, Karanovic L J, Petrovic V, Uskokovic D 1989 Ceram. Trans. 3 395
[8] Karak S Y, Lee W E 1994 Briti. Cerm. Trans. 93 65
[9] Tran H V 1989 Ceram. Trans. 3 420
[10] Yuan F L, Ling Y B, Li J L, Ji Y Z 1998 J. Inorganic Mater. 13 171 (in Chinese) [袁方利, 凌远兵, 李晋林, 季幼章 1998 无机材料学报 13 171]
[11] Peng Z D, Yang J H, Zou Z, Liu Y X, Li Z Q 1999 J. Inorganic Mater. 14 733 (in Chinese) [彭忠东, 杨建红, 邹忠, 刘业翔, 李自强 1999 无机材料学报 14 733]
[12] Yan G Q, Xie K X, Mo Z R, Lu Z L, Zou W Q, Wang S, Yue F J, Wu D, Zhang F M, Du Y W 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 1237 (in Chinese) [严国清, 谢凯旋, 莫仲荣, 陆忠林, 邹文琴, 王申, 岳凤娟, 吴镝, 张凤鸣, 都有为 2009 58 1237]
[13] Brankovic Z, Brankovic G, Poleti D, Varela J A 2001 Ceram. Intern. 27 115
[14] Pianaro S A, Bueno P R, Olivi P 1997 J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 16 634
[15] Gupta T K, Miller A C 1988 J. Mater. Res. 3 745
[16] Cheng P F, Li S T 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 4253 (in Chinese) [成鹏飞, 李盛涛 2006 55 4253]
[17] Cheng P F, Li S T, Li J Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 187302 (in Chinese) [成鹏飞, 李盛涛, 李建英 2012 61 187302]
[18] Fu H, Chen Z W, Shi B 1996 Acta Phys. Sin. 45 850 (in Chinese) [傅函, 陈志维, 石滨 1996 45 850]
[19] Li S T, Cheng P F, Zhao L, Li J Y 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 523 (in Chinese) [李盛涛, 成鹏飞, 赵雷, 李建英 2009 58 523]
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