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Manganese silicides are promising industrial materials in optoelectronics and microelectronics fields. The study of electronic structures of manganese silicide film and nanowires is essential for a deeper understanding of their properties. In this paper, MnSi film and MnSi1.7 nanowires are prepared by molecular beam epitaxy method, and then observed by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The Mn 2p and Si 2p of MnSi film and MnSi1.7 nanowires are comprehensively studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results demonstrate that MnSi film with ～ 0.9 nm high is √3 × √3 reconstruction, and that the MnSi1.7 nanowires are about ～ 3 nm high, 16—18 nm wide and 500—1500 nm long. The binding energies of the Mn 2p1/2 level and Mn 2p3/2 level for MnSi film are 649.7 and 638.7 eV, respectively, which coincide with those of MnSi1.7 nanowires. The Mn 2p3/2 and Mn 2p1/2 peaks which are located at 640—645 eV and ～653.8 eV indicate that an oxide layer formed on the surfaces of film and nanowires because of short-time exposure to the atmosphere. The negative chemical shifts for MnSi film and MnSi1.7 nanowires from Si2p spectra indicate that with the formation of manganese silicides, the chemical state of Si is changed.
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Keywords:
- X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) /
- scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) /
- nanowires /
- film
[1] Schmitt A L, Higgins J M, Szczech J R, Jin S 2010 J. Mater. Chem. 20 223
[2] Zhang Q, Takeguchi M, Tanaka M, Furuya K 2002 J. Cryst. Growth 237-239 1956
[3] Li W C, Zou Z Q, Wang D, Shi G M 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 066801 (in Chinese) [李玮聪, 邹志强, 王丹, 石高明 2012 61 066801]
[4] Zou Z Q, Li W C, Liang J M, Wang D 2011 Acta Mater. 59 7473
[5] Lian Y C, Chen L J 1986 Appl. Phys. Lett. 48 359
[6] Mahan J E 2004 Thin Solid Films 461 152
[7] Higgins J M, Schmitt A L, Guzei I A, Jin S 2008 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 16086
[8] Luo W H, Li H, Lin Z B, Tang X F 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 8783 (in Chinese) [罗文辉, 李涵, 林泽冰, 唐新峰 2010 59 8783]
[9] Petrova L I, Dudkin L D, Fedorov M I, Solomkin F Y, Zaitsev V K, Eremin I S 2002 Tech. Phys. 47 550
[10] Higashi S, Kocán P, Tochihara H 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 205312
[11] Kumar A, Tallarida M, Hansmann M, Starke U, Horn K 2004 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 37 1083
[12] Tatsuoka H, Koga T, Matsuda K, Nose Y, Souno Y, Kuwabara H, Brown P D, Humphreys C J 2001 Thin Solid Films 381 231
[13] Hou Q R, Zhao W, Chen Y B, He Y J 2008 Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 205 2687
[14] Stevens M, He Z, Smith D J, Bennett P A 2003 J. Appl. Phys. 93 5670
[15] Zou Z Q, Wang H, Wang D, Wang Q K, Mao J J, Kong X Y 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 133111
[16] Zou Z Q, Li W C 2011 Phys. Lett. A 375 849
[17] Ohtsu N, Oku M, Nomura A, Sugawara T, Shishido T, Wagatsuma K 2008 Appl. Surf. Sci. 254 3288
[18] Audi A A, Sherwood P M A 2002 Surf. Interface Anal. 33 274
[19] Süzer S, Ertas N, Ataman O Y 1999 Appl. Spectrosc. 53 479
[20] Briggs D, Seach M P 1994 Practical Surface Analysis (Vol. 1) (Chichester: Wiley) p607
[21] Foord J S, Jackman R B, Allen G C 1984 Philos. Mag. A 49 657
[22] Martinez C, Cremer R, Neuschütz D, Richthofen A V 2002 Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 374 742
[23] Huang H Z 2007 Surface Chemical Analysis (Shanghai: East China University of Science and Technology Press) p20-21 (in Chinese) [黄惠忠 2007 表面化学分析 (上海: 华东理工大学出版社) 第20-21页]
[24] Zhang W, Xu F Q, Wang G D, Zhang W H, Li Z M, Wang L W, Chen T X 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 017104 (in Chinese) [张旺, 徐法强, 王国栋, 张文华, 李宗木, 王立武, 陈铁锌 2011 60 017104]
[25] Packard W E, Dow J D 1997 Phys. Rev. B 55 15643
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[1] Schmitt A L, Higgins J M, Szczech J R, Jin S 2010 J. Mater. Chem. 20 223
[2] Zhang Q, Takeguchi M, Tanaka M, Furuya K 2002 J. Cryst. Growth 237-239 1956
[3] Li W C, Zou Z Q, Wang D, Shi G M 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 066801 (in Chinese) [李玮聪, 邹志强, 王丹, 石高明 2012 61 066801]
[4] Zou Z Q, Li W C, Liang J M, Wang D 2011 Acta Mater. 59 7473
[5] Lian Y C, Chen L J 1986 Appl. Phys. Lett. 48 359
[6] Mahan J E 2004 Thin Solid Films 461 152
[7] Higgins J M, Schmitt A L, Guzei I A, Jin S 2008 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 16086
[8] Luo W H, Li H, Lin Z B, Tang X F 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 8783 (in Chinese) [罗文辉, 李涵, 林泽冰, 唐新峰 2010 59 8783]
[9] Petrova L I, Dudkin L D, Fedorov M I, Solomkin F Y, Zaitsev V K, Eremin I S 2002 Tech. Phys. 47 550
[10] Higashi S, Kocán P, Tochihara H 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 205312
[11] Kumar A, Tallarida M, Hansmann M, Starke U, Horn K 2004 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 37 1083
[12] Tatsuoka H, Koga T, Matsuda K, Nose Y, Souno Y, Kuwabara H, Brown P D, Humphreys C J 2001 Thin Solid Films 381 231
[13] Hou Q R, Zhao W, Chen Y B, He Y J 2008 Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 205 2687
[14] Stevens M, He Z, Smith D J, Bennett P A 2003 J. Appl. Phys. 93 5670
[15] Zou Z Q, Wang H, Wang D, Wang Q K, Mao J J, Kong X Y 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 133111
[16] Zou Z Q, Li W C 2011 Phys. Lett. A 375 849
[17] Ohtsu N, Oku M, Nomura A, Sugawara T, Shishido T, Wagatsuma K 2008 Appl. Surf. Sci. 254 3288
[18] Audi A A, Sherwood P M A 2002 Surf. Interface Anal. 33 274
[19] Süzer S, Ertas N, Ataman O Y 1999 Appl. Spectrosc. 53 479
[20] Briggs D, Seach M P 1994 Practical Surface Analysis (Vol. 1) (Chichester: Wiley) p607
[21] Foord J S, Jackman R B, Allen G C 1984 Philos. Mag. A 49 657
[22] Martinez C, Cremer R, Neuschütz D, Richthofen A V 2002 Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 374 742
[23] Huang H Z 2007 Surface Chemical Analysis (Shanghai: East China University of Science and Technology Press) p20-21 (in Chinese) [黄惠忠 2007 表面化学分析 (上海: 华东理工大学出版社) 第20-21页]
[24] Zhang W, Xu F Q, Wang G D, Zhang W H, Li Z M, Wang L W, Chen T X 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 017104 (in Chinese) [张旺, 徐法强, 王国栋, 张文华, 李宗木, 王立武, 陈铁锌 2011 60 017104]
[25] Packard W E, Dow J D 1997 Phys. Rev. B 55 15643
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