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In this paper, we present a novel compact left-handed material unit, which can generate the equivalent negative permittivity and negative permeability in the two-dimensional direction only by etching one side of the dielectric substrate. We propose a new formula for calculating the field and circuit to analyze the equivalent permittivity and the equivalent permeability that are used to explain the principle of the left-handed characteristic of the unit. In the simulation, the equivalent permittivity and permeability are calculated by the Nicolson-Ross-Weir method, and the negative refraction is verified by the prism experiment. The experiments show that the cross-ring structure unit can present left-handed properties with frequency bands appearing at 6.86.9 GHz in the two-dimensional incidence. The left-handed material can be used to design microwave field for its simple fabrication process.
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Keywords:
- left-handed material /
- two-dimensional /
- cross-ring
[1] Veselago V G 1968 Sov. Phys. Usp. 10 509
[2] Pendry J B, Holden A J, Stewart W J, Youngs I 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 4773
[3] Pendry J B, Holden A J, Robbins D J, Stewart W J 1998 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 10 4785
[4] Pendry J B, Holden A J, Robbins D J, Stewart W J 1999 IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 47 2075
[5] Shelby R A, Smith D R, Schultz S 2001 Science 292 77
[6] Brien S O, Pendry J B 2002 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 14 6383
[7] Hangfu J T, Ran L X, Chen H S, Zhang X M, Chen K S, Grzegorczyk T M, Kong J A 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 84 1537
[8] Chen H S, Ran L X, Huangfu J T, Zhang X M, Chen K S 2004 Phys. Rev. E 70 057605
[9] Zhou J F, Koschny T, Zhang L, Tuttle G, Soukoulis C M 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 221103
[10] Ziolkowski R W 2003 IEEE Trans. Ante. Prop. 51 1516
[11] Meng F Y 2007 Ph. D. Dissertation (Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology) (in Chinese) [孟繁义 2007 博士学位论文 (哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学)]
[12] Wang H X, Lü Y H, Zhang H X, Wu Y L 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 034101 (in Chinese) [王海侠, 吕英华, 张洪欣, 吴艳玲 2011 60 034101]
[13] Cui W Z, Ma W, Qiu L D, Zhang H T 2008 Electromagnetic Metamaterials and its Applications (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) (in Chinese) [崔万照, 马伟, 邱乐德, 张洪太 2008 电磁超介质及其应用 (北京:国防工业出版社)]
[14] Zhang S, Ge D B, Zhang Y Q, Wei B 2009 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 21 1370 (in Chinese) [张劭, 葛德斌, 张玉强, 魏兵 2009强激光与粒子束 21 1370]
[15] Chen C H, Qu S B, Xu Z, Wang J F, Ma H, Zhou H 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 024101 (in Chinese) [陈春晖, 屈绍波, 徐卓, 王甲富, 马华, 周航 2011 60 024101]
[16] Yang Y M, Qu S B, Wang J F, Zhao J B, Bai P, Li Z, Xia S, Xu Z 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 074201 (in Chinese) [杨一鸣, 屈绍波, 王甲富, 赵静波, 柏鹏, 李哲, 夏颂, 徐卓 2011 60 074201]
[17] Zhang S, Qu S B, Ma H, Xie F, Xu Z 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3961 (in Chinese) [张松, 屈绍波, 马华, 谢峰, 徐卓 2009 58 3961]
[18] Liu Y H, Luo C R, Zhao X P 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5883 (in Chinese) [刘亚红, 罗春荣, 赵晓鹏 2007 56 5883]
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[1] Veselago V G 1968 Sov. Phys. Usp. 10 509
[2] Pendry J B, Holden A J, Stewart W J, Youngs I 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 4773
[3] Pendry J B, Holden A J, Robbins D J, Stewart W J 1998 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 10 4785
[4] Pendry J B, Holden A J, Robbins D J, Stewart W J 1999 IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 47 2075
[5] Shelby R A, Smith D R, Schultz S 2001 Science 292 77
[6] Brien S O, Pendry J B 2002 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 14 6383
[7] Hangfu J T, Ran L X, Chen H S, Zhang X M, Chen K S, Grzegorczyk T M, Kong J A 2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 84 1537
[8] Chen H S, Ran L X, Huangfu J T, Zhang X M, Chen K S 2004 Phys. Rev. E 70 057605
[9] Zhou J F, Koschny T, Zhang L, Tuttle G, Soukoulis C M 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 221103
[10] Ziolkowski R W 2003 IEEE Trans. Ante. Prop. 51 1516
[11] Meng F Y 2007 Ph. D. Dissertation (Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology) (in Chinese) [孟繁义 2007 博士学位论文 (哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学)]
[12] Wang H X, Lü Y H, Zhang H X, Wu Y L 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 034101 (in Chinese) [王海侠, 吕英华, 张洪欣, 吴艳玲 2011 60 034101]
[13] Cui W Z, Ma W, Qiu L D, Zhang H T 2008 Electromagnetic Metamaterials and its Applications (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) (in Chinese) [崔万照, 马伟, 邱乐德, 张洪太 2008 电磁超介质及其应用 (北京:国防工业出版社)]
[14] Zhang S, Ge D B, Zhang Y Q, Wei B 2009 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 21 1370 (in Chinese) [张劭, 葛德斌, 张玉强, 魏兵 2009强激光与粒子束 21 1370]
[15] Chen C H, Qu S B, Xu Z, Wang J F, Ma H, Zhou H 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 024101 (in Chinese) [陈春晖, 屈绍波, 徐卓, 王甲富, 马华, 周航 2011 60 024101]
[16] Yang Y M, Qu S B, Wang J F, Zhao J B, Bai P, Li Z, Xia S, Xu Z 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 074201 (in Chinese) [杨一鸣, 屈绍波, 王甲富, 赵静波, 柏鹏, 李哲, 夏颂, 徐卓 2011 60 074201]
[17] Zhang S, Qu S B, Ma H, Xie F, Xu Z 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3961 (in Chinese) [张松, 屈绍波, 马华, 谢峰, 徐卓 2009 58 3961]
[18] Liu Y H, Luo C R, Zhao X P 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5883 (in Chinese) [刘亚红, 罗春荣, 赵晓鹏 2007 56 5883]
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