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The multiple scattering of underwater lidar for wake happens in the near field, which leads ordinary receiving system to be saturated due to lack of dynamic range. The receiving system recovery time is usually up to several nanoseconds, which affects the receiving of the far-field signal. For this problem, the attenuation law of laser back-scattering intensity by water is analyzed and a front-end receiver of underwater lidar with energy consumption is developed. A high-speed reverse transient cancellation current is superimposed on the strong peak of near-field part signal to prevent the receiving system from being saturated, thereby restoring the two signals to integrated returned signal waveform. The technical difficulties are analyzed and the solutions are presented. The influence of generation time of transient cancellation current on intensity is discussed. The results of measurement and analysis prove that the transient cancellation current is 5 ns in pulse width, its adjustable step of 122 nA and the adjustable range is 135360 upA. The system suppresses the near-field strong scattering signal successfully and can meet the requirement for the underwater large dynamic range lidar for wake.
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Keywords:
- lidar /
- bubble /
- energy consumption /
- dynamic range
[1] Stanic S, Caruthers J W, Goodman R R, Kennedy E, Brown R A 2009 IEEE J. Oceanic Eng. 34 83
[2] Ulloa O, Sathyendranath S, Platt T 1994 Appl. Opt. 33 7070
[3] Zhang X D, Lewis M, Johnson B 1998 Appl. Opt. 37 6525
[4] Carrica P M 1999 Int. J. Multiphase Flow 25 257
[5] Trevorrow M V, Vagle S, Farmer D M 1994 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 95 1922
[6] Qiu H H 2003 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 20 690
[7] Kokhanovsky A A 2003 J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 5 47
[8] Zhang J S 2001 Ph. D. Dissertation (Xi'an: Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of Chinese Academy) (in Chinese) [张建生 2001 博士学位论文 (西安: 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所)]
[9] Shi S W, Wang J A, Jiang X Z, Ma Z G, Yu Y 2008 Acta Opt. Sin. 28 1861 (in Chinese) [石晟玮, 王江安, 蒋兴舟, 马治国, 余扬 2008 光学学报 28 1861]
[10] Gu J N, Zhang Z H, Zhang X H 2007 Acta Phot. Sin. 36 1504 (in Chinese) [顾建农, 张志宏, 张晓晖 2007 光子学报 36 1504]
[11] Cariou J, Jeune B L, Lotrian J, Guern Y 1990 Appl. Opt. 29 1689
[12] Yang K C, Zhu X, Li Z G 2001 Chin. J. Lasers 28 74 (in Chinese) [杨克成, 朱晓, 李再光 2001 中国激光 28 74]
[13] Zhu X, Yang K C, Li Z G 1999 Laser Technol. 23 209 (in Chinese) [朱晓, 杨克成, 李再光 1999 激光技术 23 209]
[14] Chen W G, Huang T X, Lu Y M, Xiong Z F 1995 Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology 23 52 (in Chinese) [陈文革, 黄铁侠, 卢益民, 熊兆飞 1995 华中理工大学学报 23 52]
[15] Jiu M Y H 1995 Fundamentals and Application of PMT (Binbei: Institute of Digital Publishing and Printing of Bin Song) p82
[16] Reynolds R A, Stramski D, Wright V M, Wozniak S B 2010 J. G. R. 115 8024
[17] Johnson H, Graham M 1993 High-Speed Digital Design: A Handbook of Black Magic (USA: Prentice Hall PTR) p295
[18] Wang J D, Wu Z H, Zhang B, Wei Z J, Liao C J, Liu S H 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 5620 (in Chinese) [王金东, 吴祖恒, 张兵, 魏正军, 廖常俊, 刘颂豪 2008 57 5620]
[19] Cheng N, Huang G F, Wang J D, Wei Z J, Guo J P, Liao C J, Liu S H 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 5338 (in Chinese) [程楠, 黄刚锋, 王金东, 魏正军, 郭健平, 廖常俊, 刘颂豪 2010 59 5338]
[20] Sun Z B, Ma H Q, Lei M, Yang H D, Wu L A, Zhai G J, Feng J 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5790 (in Chinese) [孙志斌, 马海强, 雷鸣, 杨捍东, 吴令安, 翟光杰, 冯稷 2007 56 5790]
[21] Toumazou C, Lidgey F J, Haigh D 1993 Analogue IC Design: the Current-Mode Approach (London: Peter Peregrinus Ltd.) p93
[22] Zhao Y S, Zhou Y Q, Wang P 2001 Current Mode Circuit (Tianjin: Tianjin University Press) p25 (in Chinese) [赵玉山, 周跃庆, 王萍 2001 电流模式电子电路 (天津: 天津大学出版社) 第25页]
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[1] Stanic S, Caruthers J W, Goodman R R, Kennedy E, Brown R A 2009 IEEE J. Oceanic Eng. 34 83
[2] Ulloa O, Sathyendranath S, Platt T 1994 Appl. Opt. 33 7070
[3] Zhang X D, Lewis M, Johnson B 1998 Appl. Opt. 37 6525
[4] Carrica P M 1999 Int. J. Multiphase Flow 25 257
[5] Trevorrow M V, Vagle S, Farmer D M 1994 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 95 1922
[6] Qiu H H 2003 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 20 690
[7] Kokhanovsky A A 2003 J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 5 47
[8] Zhang J S 2001 Ph. D. Dissertation (Xi'an: Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of Chinese Academy) (in Chinese) [张建生 2001 博士学位论文 (西安: 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所)]
[9] Shi S W, Wang J A, Jiang X Z, Ma Z G, Yu Y 2008 Acta Opt. Sin. 28 1861 (in Chinese) [石晟玮, 王江安, 蒋兴舟, 马治国, 余扬 2008 光学学报 28 1861]
[10] Gu J N, Zhang Z H, Zhang X H 2007 Acta Phot. Sin. 36 1504 (in Chinese) [顾建农, 张志宏, 张晓晖 2007 光子学报 36 1504]
[11] Cariou J, Jeune B L, Lotrian J, Guern Y 1990 Appl. Opt. 29 1689
[12] Yang K C, Zhu X, Li Z G 2001 Chin. J. Lasers 28 74 (in Chinese) [杨克成, 朱晓, 李再光 2001 中国激光 28 74]
[13] Zhu X, Yang K C, Li Z G 1999 Laser Technol. 23 209 (in Chinese) [朱晓, 杨克成, 李再光 1999 激光技术 23 209]
[14] Chen W G, Huang T X, Lu Y M, Xiong Z F 1995 Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology 23 52 (in Chinese) [陈文革, 黄铁侠, 卢益民, 熊兆飞 1995 华中理工大学学报 23 52]
[15] Jiu M Y H 1995 Fundamentals and Application of PMT (Binbei: Institute of Digital Publishing and Printing of Bin Song) p82
[16] Reynolds R A, Stramski D, Wright V M, Wozniak S B 2010 J. G. R. 115 8024
[17] Johnson H, Graham M 1993 High-Speed Digital Design: A Handbook of Black Magic (USA: Prentice Hall PTR) p295
[18] Wang J D, Wu Z H, Zhang B, Wei Z J, Liao C J, Liu S H 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 5620 (in Chinese) [王金东, 吴祖恒, 张兵, 魏正军, 廖常俊, 刘颂豪 2008 57 5620]
[19] Cheng N, Huang G F, Wang J D, Wei Z J, Guo J P, Liao C J, Liu S H 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 5338 (in Chinese) [程楠, 黄刚锋, 王金东, 魏正军, 郭健平, 廖常俊, 刘颂豪 2010 59 5338]
[20] Sun Z B, Ma H Q, Lei M, Yang H D, Wu L A, Zhai G J, Feng J 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5790 (in Chinese) [孙志斌, 马海强, 雷鸣, 杨捍东, 吴令安, 翟光杰, 冯稷 2007 56 5790]
[21] Toumazou C, Lidgey F J, Haigh D 1993 Analogue IC Design: the Current-Mode Approach (London: Peter Peregrinus Ltd.) p93
[22] Zhao Y S, Zhou Y Q, Wang P 2001 Current Mode Circuit (Tianjin: Tianjin University Press) p25 (in Chinese) [赵玉山, 周跃庆, 王萍 2001 电流模式电子电路 (天津: 天津大学出版社) 第25页]
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