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Lead-free piezoelectric 〈001〉-oriented KNN crystals each with a dimension of 5 mm3 mm1 mm are obtained by melt grown technique. The room temperature crystal structure of orthorhombic perovskite-type lattice is determined from XRD measurment. The SEM observation reveals the growth steps aligning approximately along the [001] direction. Base on the model of negative ion coordination polyhedrons, it is explained that the layer growth mechanism is dominant for the 〈001〉 face. Two phase transition temperatures of orthorhombic-to-tetragonal (O-to-T) and tetragonal-to-cubic (T-to-C) are around 240 ℃ and 405 ℃ for KNN crystals according to the dielectric measurements, respectively. A linear fitting of the modified Curie-Weiss law to experimental data shows that the normal ferroelectric property is dominant for KNN crystal.
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Keywords:
- (K0.45Na0.55)NbO3 crystal /
- lead-free /
- crystal structure /
- dielectric property
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[7] [8] [9] Haertling G H 1967 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 50 329
[10] Chen K, Xu G S, Yang D F, Wang X F, Li J B 2007 J. Appl. Phys. 101 044103
[11] [12] Inagaki Y, Kakimoto K, Kagomiya I 2010 J. European. Ceramic. Soc 30 301
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[18] Xia H R, Li L X, Wang J Y, Liu Y G, Wei J Q 2000 Cryst. Res. Technol. 35 1209
[19] [20] [21] Wang J Y, Li L X, Guan Q C, Wei J Q, Liu Y G 1993 Appl. Laser 13 193 (in Chinese) [王继扬、 李丽霞、 管庆才、 魏景谦、 刘耀岗 1993 应用激光 13 193]
[22] Inagaki Y, Kakimoto K, Kagomiya I 2009 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48 09KC09-1
[23] [24] Zhou W P, Wan S M, Zhang Q L, Yin S T, You J L, Wang Y Y 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 5085 (in Chinese) [周文平、 万松明、 张庆礼、 殷绍唐、 尤静林、 王媛媛 2010 59 5085]
[25] [26] [27] Kugel G E, Mesli H, Fontana M D 1988 Phys. Rev. B 37 5619
[28] Zhong W Z, Hua S K 1999 Morphology of Crystal Growth (Beijing: Science Press) p208 (in Chinese)[钟维卓、 华素坤 1999 晶体生长形态学(北京: 科学出版社) 第208 页]
[29] [30] Fang B J, Xu H Q, He T H, Luo H S, Yin Z W 2002 J. Crystal Growth 244 318
[31] [32] Dong M, Ye Z G 2000 J. Crystal Growth 209 81
[33] [34] [35] Hollenstein E, Davis M, Damjanovic D, Setter N 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 87 182905
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[1] Fu H, Cohen R E 2000 Nature 403 281
[2] [3] Cheng Z Y, Yao X, Zhang L Y 1996 Acta Phys. Sin. 45 1026(in Chinese)[程忠阳、 姚 熹、 张良莹 1996 45 1026]
[4] [5] Saito Y, Takao H, Tani T, Nonoyama T, Takatori K, Homma T, Nagaya T, Nakamura M 2004 Nature 432 84
[6] Jaeger R E, Egerton L 1962 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 45 209
[7] [8] [9] Haertling G H 1967 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 50 329
[10] Chen K, Xu G S, Yang D F, Wang X F, Li J B 2007 J. Appl. Phys. 101 044103
[11] [12] Inagaki Y, Kakimoto K, Kagomiya I 2010 J. European. Ceramic. Soc 30 301
[13] [14] [15] Lin D B, Li Z R, Zhuo X, Yao X 2009 Ferroelectrics 381 1
[16] [17] Ming B Q, Wang J F, Zang G Z, Wang C M, Gai Z G, Du J, Zheng L M 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 5962 (in Chinese) [明保全、 王矜奉、 臧国忠、 王春明、 盖志刚、杜 鹃、 郑立梅 2008 57 5962]
[18] Xia H R, Li L X, Wang J Y, Liu Y G, Wei J Q 2000 Cryst. Res. Technol. 35 1209
[19] [20] [21] Wang J Y, Li L X, Guan Q C, Wei J Q, Liu Y G 1993 Appl. Laser 13 193 (in Chinese) [王继扬、 李丽霞、 管庆才、 魏景谦、 刘耀岗 1993 应用激光 13 193]
[22] Inagaki Y, Kakimoto K, Kagomiya I 2009 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48 09KC09-1
[23] [24] Zhou W P, Wan S M, Zhang Q L, Yin S T, You J L, Wang Y Y 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 5085 (in Chinese) [周文平、 万松明、 张庆礼、 殷绍唐、 尤静林、 王媛媛 2010 59 5085]
[25] [26] [27] Kugel G E, Mesli H, Fontana M D 1988 Phys. Rev. B 37 5619
[28] Zhong W Z, Hua S K 1999 Morphology of Crystal Growth (Beijing: Science Press) p208 (in Chinese)[钟维卓、 华素坤 1999 晶体生长形态学(北京: 科学出版社) 第208 页]
[29] [30] Fang B J, Xu H Q, He T H, Luo H S, Yin Z W 2002 J. Crystal Growth 244 318
[31] [32] Dong M, Ye Z G 2000 J. Crystal Growth 209 81
[33] [34] [35] Hollenstein E, Davis M, Damjanovic D, Setter N 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 87 182905
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