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Using the thunder signals of a C-G lightning process recorded in the Qinghai region and the theory of signal processing, the frequency spectrum of thunder at observation point is obtained; Based on the propagation theory of acoustic waves, the absorption coefficients in air are calculated and their variations with environmental factors are analyzed. The results show that under a certain profpagation distance and environmental condition, the absorption coefficient increases with frequency increasing. The attenuation of signal below 100Hz is negligible under a certain propagation distance and environmental factors. The attenuations for high-frequency signals of more than 500 Hz are large, their absorption coefficients increase rapidly with the relative humidity inereasing and vary nor-monotonical with temperature. It is deduced that high frequency components of more than 500Hz should be contained in the thunder source.
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Keywords:
- propagation of thunder /
- absorption in air /
- attenuation
[1] Uman M A 2001 The Lightning Discharge ( New york: Dover )p377
[2] Few A A 1968 Thunder Ph.D. Dissertation (Texas: Rice university)p26
[3] Bhartendu H 1968 Can.J.Phys.46 269
[4] Few A A 1969 J.geophys.Res.74 6926
[5] Holmes C R, Brook M 1971 J.geophys.Res.76 2106
[6] Remillard W J 1960 The acoustics of thunder (Cambridge: Havard University)p387
[7] Harris C M 1967 Absorption of sound in air versus humidity and temperature NASA Report CR-647 (New york: Columbia University)p34
[8] Bass H E, Losely R E 1975 J.Acoustsoc.Am.57 822
[9] Few A A 1982 Acoustic radiations from lightning. In Handbook of Atmospherics,ed. H.Volland, vol.Ⅱ(Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press )p257
[10] Few A A 1995 Acoustic radiations from lightning. In Handbook of Atmospherics ,ed. H. Volland,vol.Ⅱ (Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press)p11
[11] Yang X R 2007 Atmospheric Acoustics (Beijing: Science Press)p120 (in Chinese) [杨训仁 2007 大气声学(北京:科学出版社)第120页]
[12] Ma D Y, Shen H 1983 Acoustics Handbook (Beijing: Science Press)p113 (in Chinese) [马大猷、沈 壕1983 声学手册(北京:科学出版社)第113页]
[13] Shen X Z, Yuan P 2007 Acta Phys.Sin.56 5715(in Chinese) [申晓志、袁 萍 2007 56 5715]
[14] Evans L B, Sutherland L C 1970 Wyle Rep. N o. WR 70-14.for U.S. Army Res. Off 1 14
[15] Monk R 1969 J.Acoust.soc.Amer. 46 580
[16] Evans L B 1972 Acoust.soc. Amer. 51 409
[17] Yuan P, OuYang Y H, Lv S H 2006 Plateau Meteorology 25 503(in Chinese) [袁 萍、欧阳玉花、吕世华 2006 高原气象 25 503]
[18] Depass P 1994 J. Geophys. Res. 99 25 933
[19] Hao Z Q, YU J, Zhang J, Yuan X H 2005 Acta Phys.Sin.54 1290 (in Chinese) [郝作强、俞 进、张 杰、远晓辉 2005 54 1290]
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[1] Uman M A 2001 The Lightning Discharge ( New york: Dover )p377
[2] Few A A 1968 Thunder Ph.D. Dissertation (Texas: Rice university)p26
[3] Bhartendu H 1968 Can.J.Phys.46 269
[4] Few A A 1969 J.geophys.Res.74 6926
[5] Holmes C R, Brook M 1971 J.geophys.Res.76 2106
[6] Remillard W J 1960 The acoustics of thunder (Cambridge: Havard University)p387
[7] Harris C M 1967 Absorption of sound in air versus humidity and temperature NASA Report CR-647 (New york: Columbia University)p34
[8] Bass H E, Losely R E 1975 J.Acoustsoc.Am.57 822
[9] Few A A 1982 Acoustic radiations from lightning. In Handbook of Atmospherics,ed. H.Volland, vol.Ⅱ(Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press )p257
[10] Few A A 1995 Acoustic radiations from lightning. In Handbook of Atmospherics ,ed. H. Volland,vol.Ⅱ (Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press)p11
[11] Yang X R 2007 Atmospheric Acoustics (Beijing: Science Press)p120 (in Chinese) [杨训仁 2007 大气声学(北京:科学出版社)第120页]
[12] Ma D Y, Shen H 1983 Acoustics Handbook (Beijing: Science Press)p113 (in Chinese) [马大猷、沈 壕1983 声学手册(北京:科学出版社)第113页]
[13] Shen X Z, Yuan P 2007 Acta Phys.Sin.56 5715(in Chinese) [申晓志、袁 萍 2007 56 5715]
[14] Evans L B, Sutherland L C 1970 Wyle Rep. N o. WR 70-14.for U.S. Army Res. Off 1 14
[15] Monk R 1969 J.Acoust.soc.Amer. 46 580
[16] Evans L B 1972 Acoust.soc. Amer. 51 409
[17] Yuan P, OuYang Y H, Lv S H 2006 Plateau Meteorology 25 503(in Chinese) [袁 萍、欧阳玉花、吕世华 2006 高原气象 25 503]
[18] Depass P 1994 J. Geophys. Res. 99 25 933
[19] Hao Z Q, YU J, Zhang J, Yuan X H 2005 Acta Phys.Sin.54 1290 (in Chinese) [郝作强、俞 进、张 杰、远晓辉 2005 54 1290]
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