Search

Article

x
中国物理学会期刊
Chinese Physics Letters Chinese Physics B 物理 中国物理学会期刊网
Advance Search

留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

Accepted Papers

Recent catalogue
Field
Article Type

SPECIAL TOPIC—Quantum information processing

Preface to the special topic: Quantum information processing
2025, 74 (21): 210101. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.210101
Abstract +

GENERAL

Thermal transport regulation at GaN/graphene/diamond heterojunction interfaces
LIU Dongjing, WANG Pengbo, HU Zhiliang, LU Jiaqi, XIAO Yu, HUANG Jiaqiang
2025, 74 (21): 210201. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20250895
Abstract +
In order to ascertain the heat dissipation performance of high-power gallium nitride devices, the thermal transport characteristics of GaN/graphene/diamond heterostructures are investigated at heterogeneous interfaces through molecular dynamics simulations. This study focuses on phonon transport mechanisms and regulatory strategies in the interfacial regions. The key findings are summarized below.Comparative analysis of two contact configurations reveals that the Ga-C structure exhibits an interfacial thermal conductance three times higher than that of the N-C structure, which is attributed to its larger phonon cutoff frequency and enhanced interfacial phonon coupling as evidenced by phonon spectral analysis. The intrinsic heterostructure demonstrates no thermal rectification characteristics without interface engineering. The analysis of hydrogenation effects shows that although hydrogenation generally hinders interfacial heat transfer, the thermal conductance increases paradoxically with the increase of hydrogenation ratio. This counterintuitive phenomenon arises from hydrogen-induced lattice disorder/hybridization scattering causing phonon localization (particularly severe in GaN-side hydrogenation), while generating new phonon coupling channels. The elemental doping investigations show that nitrogen and boron doping leads to an initial increase and subsequent decrease in interfacial thermal conductance, while silicon doping produces monotonic enhancement. Overlap factor analysis indicates that N and B doping first strengthens then weakens interfacial phonon coupling, whereas Si doping significantly improves coupling through synergistic effects of strong interfacial interactions and phonon focusing. Comparative evaluation of two Si doping potential functions shows that the difference in thermal conductance results is negligible. The studies on doping morphology show that although linear doping configurations can cause systematic changes in graphene phonon spectra, their influence on interfacial thermal conductance is minimal.These findings offer critical theoretical insights into thermal management optimization of GaN-based devices and provide fundamental guidance for overcoming thermal dissipation bottlenecks in high-power electronic systems.

GENERAL

Distributions of asymptotic transformation rates among quantum states
GAO Dongmei
2025, 74 (21): 210301. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20250877
Abstract +
In quantum resource theories, manipulating and transforming resource states are often challenging due to the presence of noise. The resource manipulation process from a high resource state $ {\boldsymbol \rho} $ to a low resource state $ {\boldsymbol \rho} ' $ involves asymptotic multiple state replicas, which can be considered as overcoming this problem. Here, the asymptomatic transformation rate $ R\left( {{\boldsymbol \rho} \to {\boldsymbol \rho} '} \right) $ can characterize the corresponding quantum manipulation power, and can be calculated as the ratio of the copy number of initial states to the copy number of target states. Generally, the precise computations of asymptotic transformation rates are challenging, so it is important to establish rigorous and computable boundaries for them. Recently, Ganardi et al. have shown that the transformation rate to any pure state is superadditive for the distillable entanglement. However, it remains a question whether the transformation rate to any noise state is also superadditive in the general resource theory. Firstly, we study the general superadditive inequality satisfied by the transformation rate $ R\left( {{\boldsymbol \rho} \to {\boldsymbol \rho} '} \right) $ of any noise state $ {\boldsymbol \rho} ' $. In any multiple quantum resource theory, we also show that the bipartite asymptomatic transformation rate obeys a distributed relationship: when $ \alpha \geqslant 1 $, $ {R^\alpha }\left( {{\boldsymbol \rho} \to {\boldsymbol \rho} '} \right) $ satisfies monogamy relationship. Using similar methods, we demonstrate that both the marginal asymptotic transformation rate and marginal catalytic transformation rate satisfies these relationships. As a byproduct, we show an equivalence among the asymptomatic transformation rate, marginal asymptotic transformations, and marginal catalytic transformations under some restrictions. Here marginal asymptotic transformations and marginal catalytic transformations are special asymptotic transformations, where the initial state can be reduced into target state at a nonzero rate. These inequality relationships impose a new constraint on the quantum resource distribution and trade off among subsystems. Recently, reversible quantum resource manipulations have been studied, and it is conjectured that transformations can be reversibly executed in an asymptotic regime. In the future, we will explore a conclusive proof of this conjecture and then study the distributions of these reversible manipulations.

SPECIAL TOPIC—Quantum information processing

Latest research progress of quantum identity authentication
WANG Xingfu, ZHENG Yanyan, GU Shipu, ZHANG Qi, ZHONG Wei, DU Mingming, LI Xiyun, SHEN Shuting, ZHANG Anlei, ZHOU Lan, SHENG Yubo
2025, 74 (21): 210302. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20250920
Abstract +
The absolute security of quantum communication protocols relies on a critical premise: all participating parties are legitimate users. Ensuring the legitimacy of participant identities is paramount in complex real-world communication environments. Quantum identity authentication (QIA), in which fundamental principles of quantum mechanics are used to achieve unilateral or mutual authentication between communicating parties, constitutes an indispensable core component for building a comprehensive quantum secure communication system. It holds significant research value in the field of quantum communication.This review employs a comparative classification method to systematically outline the research trajectory of QIA protocols. By categorizing protocols based on the required quantum resources and the types of quantum protocols employed, the advantages and disadvantages of various categories are analyzed in terms of efficiency, security, and practicality. Single-photon protocols require low resources, and they are easy to implement, and compatible with existing optical components, but require high-efficiency single-photon detectors and exhibit weak noise resistance. Entangled-state protocols offer high security and strong resistance to eavesdropping, particularly suitable for long-distance or multi-party authentication. However, they greatly depend on the preparation and maintenance of high-precision, stable multi-particle entanglement sources, resulting in high experimental complexity. Continuous-variable (CV) protocols achieve high transmission efficiency in short-distance metropolitan area networks and are compatible with classical optical communication equipment, making experiments relatively straightforward. Yet, they require high-precision modulation technology and are sensitive to channel loss. Hybrid protocols aim to balance resource efficiency and security while reducing reliance on a single quantum source, but their design is complex and may introduce new attack vectors. Quantum key distribution (QKD) framework protocols embed identity authentication in the key distribution process, making them suitable for scenarios requiring long-term secure key distribution, although they often depend on pre-shared keys or trusted third parties. Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) framework protocols integrate authentication with secure direct information transmission, offering high efficiency for real-time communication, but requiring high channel quality. Measurement-device-independent QSDC (MDI-QSDC) represents a key development direction that can resist attacks on measurement devices. Quantum teleportation (QT) framework protocols achieves cross-node authentication and unconditional security, making it suitable for quantum relay networks despite its high experimental complexity. The entanglement swapping framework protocol can resist conspiracy attacks and is suitable for multi-party joint scenarios, but it consumes a lot of resources and relies on trusted third party. Ping-pong protocol framework supports dynamic key updates and exhibits strong resistance to eavesdropping, making it suitable for temporary authentication on mobile terminals, although it typically only supports unilateral authentication and requires a bidirectional channel.Subsequently, this review details the latest QIA protocols of our research group, including a multi-party synchronous identity authentication protocol based on Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states, and a tripartite QSDC protocol with identity authentication capabilities utilizing polarization-spatial super-coding. The GHZ-based multi-party synchronous authentication protocol leverages the strong correlations inherent in GHZ states to achieve simultaneous authentication among multiple parties. Through a carefully designed two-round decoy-state detection mechanism, it effectively resists both external eavesdropping and internal attacks originating from authenticated users, thereby enhancing the efficiency and security of identity management in large-scale quantum networks. The core innovation of the polarization-spatial super-coding tripartite QSDC protocol lies in its deep integration of the authentication process with information transmission by utilizing the spatial degrees of freedom of single photons. This design accomplishes the identity verification of two senders and the transmission of secret information within a single protocol run, ensuring end-to-end security through a three-stage security check. This “authentication-as-communication” paradigm significantly improves the overall efficiency and practicality of the protocol. Its successful implementation also relies on advancements in quantum memory technology.Finally, the review outlines future research directions for quantum identity authentication and explores its potential applications in quantum communication. The QIA research needs to focus on reducing resource dependency, exploring more efficient protocol designs, further enhancing protocol integration and robustness, prioritizing the development of protocols adaptable to real-world environments, and actively investigating integration with novel scenarios. This comprehensive review aims to provide theoretical research foundations and technical support for the practical development of future quantum identity authentication.

GENERAL

Quantum entanglement entropy of collective excitations in a quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate
QI Ying, LIU Yanhong, QIAO Haoxue, ZHANG Wenxian
2025, 74 (21): 210303. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20250808
Abstract +
Quasi-particle excitation in a Bose-Einstein condensate leads to quantum entanglement between real bosonic atoms in the system. By using spectral expansion method, the eigenvalues and eigenstates of Bogoliubov-de Gennes equation are numerically calculated in a quasi-one-dimensional infinite square well potential. For the low-energy collective excitations of the quasi-particles, we explore the dependence of quantum entanglement entropy of the Bose-Einstein condensate on scattering length. Our results show that the entanglement entropy increases slowly with the increase of the scattering length, and such an increasing trend can be well described by a power function. These results are analogous to those in a one-dimensional uniform BEC, where the entanglement entropy of the Bogoliubov ground state is approximately proportional to the square root of the scattering length. This work provides a viable way for investigating many-particle entanglement in a quasi-one-dimensional trapped Bose-Einstein condensate where the quantum entanglement is closely related to the interaction strength between particles.

GENERAL

Influence of barrier parameters in rotating double-well potential on hidden vortices in Bose-Einstein condensate
YANG Guoquan, JIN Jingjing
2025, 74 (21): 210304. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20251001
Abstract +
Vortex dynamics in Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) are crucial for understanding quantum coherence, superfluidity, and topological phenomena. In this work, we investigate the influence of barrier parameters in a rotating double-well potential on the formation and evolution of hidden vortices, aiming to reveal the regulatory mechanisms of barrier width and height on vortex dynamics. By numerically solving the dissipative Gross-Pitaevskii equation for a two-dimensional BEC system confined strongly along the z-axis, we analyze the density distribution, phase distribution, vortex number, and average angular momentum under varying barrier widths and heights. The results show that increasing barrier width significantly promote the formation of hidden vortices, with the total number of visible and hidden vortices still satisfying the Feynman rule. For larger barrier widths, hidden vortices exhibit an oscillatory distribution due to enhanced vortex interactions. In contrast, when the barrier height is above the critical threshold (i.e. the height sufficient to completely separate the condensate), the effect of the barrier height is limited, but below this critical threshold, the hidden vortex cores become visible, thereby reducing the threshold for vortex formation. A particularly striking finding is the efficacy of a temporary barrier strategy: by reducing $ {V_0} $ from $ 4\hbar {\omega _x} $ to $ 0 $ within a rotating double-well trap, stable vortex states with four visible vortices are generated at $ \varOmega = 0.5{\omega _x} $. Under the same parameter conditions, it is impossible to generate a stable state containing vortices at the same $ \varOmega $ by directly using the rotating harmonic trap. In other words, a temporary barrier within a rotating harmonic trap effectively introduces phase singularities, facilitating stable vortex states at lower rotation frequencies than those required in a purely harmonic trap. These findings demonstrate that precise tuning of barrier parameters can effectively control vortex states, providing theoretical guidance for experimentally observing hidden vortices and advancing the understanding of quantum vortex dynamics.

GENERAL

Aspherical measurement error decoupling technology based on global optimal fitting of full-aperture surface shape features and local measurement errors
WANG Weihao, WANG Yongjie, WANG Yahui, WU Zhou, ZHANG Wenxi
2025, 74 (21): 210701. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20250866
Abstract +
Aspheric optical elements are essential in high-end manufacturing and scientific research. As precision demands increase, the coupling of surface features and measurement errors during high-asphericity and high steepness element measurement based on annular subaperture stitching limits the development of high-precision measurement.The coupling of surface features and measurement errors refers to that for high-steepness aspheric element to be measured, the measurement errors caused by retrace errors correspond to higher-order aberration features, which are likely to be consistent with the surface features, and this coupling makes it impossible to eliminate measurement errors by subtracting Zernike terms during full-aperture surface stitching measurement, because this would lead to the incorrect subtraction of surface features. The traditional overlapping-region based subaperture stitching method encounters two major problems: the error of the first subaperture, which serves as the reference, cannot be decoupled, and the error accumulation caused by a large number of subapertures will seriously affect measurement accuracy, especially when measuring high-steepness aspheric element.To solve the error coupling problem, this work proposes an aspherical measurement error decoupling technology based on global optimal fitting of full-aperture surface shape features and local measurement errors. This method takes advantage of the continuity of the full-aperture surface shape features of the aspheric surface of all subapertures and the discontinuity of the measurement errors of each subaperture. The method uses full-aperture circular and subaperture annular Zernike polynomials to build a global optimization model, where the former represents surface features and the latter describes subaperture errors; in addition, an L1 regularization term is added. By integrating these polynomials to create a global optimization function and solving for Zernike coefficients, the full-aperture surface shape features and the measurement errors of each subaperture can be solved separately (corresponding to the coefficients of the Zernike polynomials), and error decoupling and enhanced accuracy can be achieved. Furthermore, processing errors can globally avoid error accumulation in the traditional method and reduce the number of subapertures for higher measurement efficiency.Simulation and experimental validations are demonstrated in this paper. In the simulation experiment, the full-aperture surface features of the aspheric surface to be measured and the measurement errors of each subaperture are generated separately by using Zernike polynomials and the method proposed in this paper. The results are shown below. The full-aperture surface shape features and the subaperture measurement errors are solved separately; the correct surface measurement results after measurement error decoupling are obtained; the calculated results are compared with the true values of the Zernike coefficients of the surface shape features and measurement errors used in the simulation to verify the accuracy. The simulation shows effective fitting of Zernike polynomial coefficients and error decoupling. In the experimental verification, an aspheric measurement system is built, and a high-steepness aspheric element is used as the measurement target (a convex aspheric surface, a rotationally symmetric quadratic surface with a diameter of 45 mm, a vertex curvature radius of 150 mm, a conic constant of –48, an asphericity of 63.2 μm, and a maximum asphericity gradient of 19.12 μm/mm). The method proposed in this work and the traditional methods are compared with each other, and a profilometer is used to obtain the measurement results as reference result. Experiments show that the error decoupling in measurement of high-asphericity and high steepness elements is achieved with the proposed method, and the PVr accuracy of measurement is 0.0976λ@633 nm, improved by nearly 30% compared with traditional methods.The proposed method provides a practical solution for high-precision measurement of high-asphericity and high steep components in solving the problem of measurement error coupling. Future research will further explore the application value of the proposed method in aspheric processing, especially in achieving performance optimization in various specific measurement scenarios.

ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS

High-precision calculation of dynamic electric dipole polarizability of $^{11}\mathrm{Be}^{2+}$ ion
WU Fangfei, SHI Haotian, QI Xiaoqiu, ZUO Yani
2025, 74 (21): 213101. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20250972
Abstract +
11Be, as a typical one-neutron halo nucleus, is of unique significance in studying atomic and nuclear physics. The nucleus comprises a tightly bound 10Be core and a loosely bound valence neutron, forming an exotic nuclear configuration that is significantly different from traditional nuclear configuration in both magnetic and charge radii, thereby establishing a unique platform for investigating nuclear-electron interactions. In this study, we focus on the helium-like 11Be2+ ion and systematically calculate the energies and wavefunctions of the $n^{3}S_1$ and $n^{3}{\mathrm{P}}_{0,1,2}$ states up to principal quantum number $n=8$ by employing the relativistic configuration interaction (RCI) method combined with high-order B-spline basis functions. By directly incorporating the nuclear mass shift operator $H_{\mathrm{M}}$ into the Dirac-Coulomb-Breit (DCB) Hamiltonian, we comprehensively investigate the relativistic effects, Breit interactions, and nuclear mass corrections for 11Be2+. The results demonstrate that the energies of states with $n\leqslant 5$ converge to eight significant digits, showing excellent agreement with existing NRQED values, such as $-9.29871191(5)$ a.u. for the $^{3}{\mathrm{S}}_1$ state. The nuclear mass corrections are on the order of 10–4 a.u. and decrease with principal quantum number increasing.By using the high-precision wavefunctions, the electric dipole oscillator strengths for $k^3{\mathrm{S}}_1 \rightarrow m^3{\mathrm{P}}_{0,1,2}$ transitions ($k \leqslant 5$, $m \leqslant 8$) are determined, resulting in low-lying excited states ($m\leqslant4$) accurate to six significant digits, thereby providing reliable data for evaluating transition probabilities and radiative lifetimes. Furthermore, the dynamic electric dipole polarizabilities of the $n'^3{\mathrm{S}}_1$ ($n' \leqslant 5$) states are calculated using the sum-over-states method. The static polarizabilities exhibit a significant increase with principal quantum number increasing. For the $J=1$ state, the difference in polarizability between the magnetic sublevels $M_J=0$ and $M_J=\pm1$ is three times the tensor polarizability. In the calculation of dynamic polarizabilities, the precision reaches 10–6 in non-resonant regions, whereas achieving the same accuracy near resonance requires higher energy precision. These high-precision computational results provide crucial theoretical foundations and key input parameters for evaluating Stark shifts in high-precision measurements, simulating light-matter interactions, and investigating single-neutron halo nuclear structures.

SPECIAL TOPIC—Ultrafast physics in atomic, molecular and optical systems

Revisiting near-threshold photoelectron interference in argon with a non-adiabatic semiclassical model
TAO Jianfei, JIN Xin, WU Kefei, LIU Xiaojing
2025, 74 (21): 213201. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20250999
Abstract +
Purpose: The interaction of intense, ultrashort laser pulses with atoms gives rise to rich non-perturbative phenomena, which are encoded within the final-state photoelectron momentum distribution (PMD). A particularly enigmatic feature often observed in the multiphoton ionization regime (Keldysh parameter $ \gamma \gtrsim 1 $), is a complex, fan-like interference pattern in the near-threshold, low-energy region of the PMD. The physical origin of this structure has been a subject of extensive debate, with proposed mechanisms ranging from multipath interference in the Coulomb field to complex sub-barrier dynamics. This work aims to provide a physical explanation for this phenomenon. We hypothesize and demonstrate that this fan-like structure is not only the consequence of Coulomb focusing, but also a direct and sensitive signature of non-adiabatic dynamics occurring as an electron tunnels through the laser-dressed atomic potential barrier. Our goal is to clearly separate the key physical ingredients responsible for shaping this quantum interference. Methodology: To achieve this, we employ a synergistic three-pronged approach that combines experiment, exact numerical simulation, and a sophisticated theoretical model.1. Experiment: We perform velocity-map imaging measurements on argon atoms ionized by a 798-nm 35-fs laser pulse at a peak intensity of $ 6.3 \times 10^{13} $ W/cm2, and the experimental results clearly show the low-energy fan-like interference pattern.2. Quantum Benchmark: We solve the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) within the single-active-electron (SAE) approximation by using a well-established model potential for argon, which accurately reproduces its ionization potential and ground-state properties. After performing a focal-volume average to simulate experimental conditions, the TDSE results show excellent qualitative agreement with the measurements, establishing the TDSE as a reliable quantum benchmark for our investigation.3. Semiclassical Model (CTMC-p): The core of our analysis relies on a custom-developed semiclassical trajectory model based on the Feynman path-integral formulation. In this framework, ionization process is divided into two steps: (i) an electron tunnels through the potential barrier at an initial time $ t_0 $ and position $ {\boldsymbol{r}}_0 $, and (ii) it propagates classically in the combined laser and ionic fields according to Newton’s equations. Crucially, each trajectory is endowed with a quantum phase accumulated along its path, $ \varPhi_k $, allowing for the coherent summation of all trajectories ending with the same final momentum, $ M_j = \displaystyle\sum\nolimits_k {\mathrm{e}}^{{\mathrm{i}}\varPhi_k} $. Our model combines two critical physical effects beyond standard treatments:• Non-Adiabatic Tunneling: We introduce a non-zero initial longitudinal momentum, $ v_{0 //} =-A(t_0)\times $$ \left(\sqrt{1+\gamma_{\text{eff}}^2}-1\right) $, acquired by the electron at the tunnel exit. This term accounts for the non-instantaneous nature of the tunneling process, a key non-adiabatic effect.• Core Polarization: We include an induced dipole potential, $ U_{\text{ID}} = -\alpha^{\mathrm{I}} {\boldsymbol{E}}(t) \cdot {\boldsymbol{r}}/r^3 $, to model the dynamic polarization of the Ar+ ionic core, a multi-electron effect.By selectively including or excluding these effects, we can clearly isolate their respective contributions to the final PMD. Results: Our central finding is that the non-adiabatic initial longitudinal momentum is the decisive factor for correctly describing the near-threshold interference. The benchmark TDSE calculation for a single intensity of $ 5 \times 10^{13} $ W/cm2 ($ \gamma \approx 1.6 $) reveals a distinct 6-lobe interference pattern. A traditional semiclassical simulation based on the quasi-static tunneling approximation (i.e., setting $ v_{0//} = 0 $) qualitatively fails, predicting an incorrect 8-lobe structure. However, upon including the non-zero initial longitudinal momentum ($ v_{0//} \neq 0 $), our non-adiabatic semiclassical model quantitatively reproduces the correct 6-lobe structure, showing that it is in excellent agreement with the TDSE benchmark.To understand the underlying physics, we perform a quantum-orbit decomposition. This analysis reveals that the overall fan-like structure arises from the interference of multiple trajectory types, including “direct” (Category Ⅰ), “forward-scattered” (Category Ⅱ, and “glory-scattered” (Category Ⅲ) orbits. Although the entire structure arises from the collective interference of these paths, we pinpoint the origin of the lobe-count correction. The initial longitudinal momentum contributes a phase term, $ \Delta\varPhi_{\text{initial}} \approx -{\boldsymbol{v}}_{0//} \cdot {\boldsymbol{r}}_0 $, to the total accumulated action. We find that the relative phase between the “direct” and “glory” trajectories is exquisitely sensitive to this term due to their vastly different paths and birth conditions. It is this specific and dramatic change in the Ⅰ-Ⅲ interference channel that ultimately corrects the topology of the entire pattern, reducing the lobe count from 8 to 6. In contrast, other interference pairs, such as the holographic pair Ⅱ-Ⅲ, are largely robust against this effect as their nearly identical birth conditions cause the initial phase term to cancel out in their relative phase. In parallel, our simulations show that the ionic core polarization has a negligible effect on this low-energy structure, but is essential for accurately describing higher-energy rescattering features by smoothing unphysical caustics caused by a pure Coulomb potential. Conclusion: We demonstrate clearly that the near-threshold fan-like interference pattern in the multiphoton regime is a direct manifestation of non-adiabatic dynamics during tunneling, specifically the acquisition of a longitudinal momentum component by the electron during its finite-time passage under the potential barrier. Our findings not only provide a clear, intuitive, and orbit-based physical picture for this complex quantum phenomenon but also highlight the predictive power of semiclassical methods when crucial non-adiabatic effects are properly incorporated. This understanding lays a foundation for future investigations, including the extension of this model to more complex molecular systems and its application in retrieving attosecond electron dynamics from holographic interference patterns.

ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS

Dissociation of fluoromethane trication induced by highly charged ion collisions
TAN Xu, FANG Fan, ZHANG Yu, SUN Dehao, WU Yijiao, YIN Hao, MENG Tianming, TU Bingsheng, WEI Baoren
2025, 74 (21): 213401. doi: 10.7498/aps.74.20251099
Abstract +
Investigating molecular fragmentation mechanisms and the kinetic energy distributions of fragments can offer crucial insights into their roles in plasma physics, radiation-induced damage in biological tissues, and interstellar chemistry. In this study, we conduct the experiments on collision between 3 keV/u ${\rm Ar}^{8+} $ ions and CH3F molecules by using a cold target recoil ion momentum spectrometer (COLTRIMS).We focus on the three-body fragmentation channel H++$ {\mathrm{C}\mathrm{H}}_{2}^{+} $+F+ resulting from C—F and C—H bond cleavage in CH3F3+ ions, and measure the three-dimensional momentum vectors of all fragment ions. The fragmentation mechanism involved is analyzed using ion-ion kinetic energy correlation spectra, Newton diagrams, Dalitz plots, and other correlation spectra.Our results reveal two different dissociation mechanisms for the H++$ {\mathrm{C}\mathrm{H}}_{2}^{+} $+F+ channel, i.e. concerted fragmentation and sequential fragmentation, with the former one being dominant. In the sequential fragmentation process, H+ and the intermediate CH2F2+ are firstly formed, followed by further fragmentation of the intermediates into $ {\mathrm{C}\mathrm{H}}_{2}^{+} $ and F+. No sequential pathways involving HF2+ or $ {\mathrm{C}\mathrm{H}}_{3}^{2+} $ intermediates are identified. Furthermore, we observe two types of concerted fragmentation processes with different dynamical characteristics, suggesting that hydrogen atoms in CH3F3+ may occupy different chemical environments. This phenomenon can originate from either molecular isomerization producing different structural geometries or the Jahn-Teller effect leading to inequivalent C—H bonds. This study reveals the three-body dissociation dynamics of CH3F3+ induced by highly charged ion collisions, highlighting the significant role of the Jahn-Teller effect or molecular isomerization in the ionic dissociation of polyatomic molecules.
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • ...
  • 14
  • 15

Authors

Referees

About Journal

About

Copyright ©Acta Physica Sinica All Rights Reserved. 

Address： PostCode：100190

Phone：010-82649829，82649241,82649863 Email：apsoffice@iphy.ac.cn   百度统计

Baidu
map