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Scattering process of aerosol particles plays an important role in atmospheric radiative transfer since it can modify the transmission, reflection and absorption ability of atmospheric system. Owning to the uncertainty of aerosol particles' scattering properties, which results from their complicated geometries and inhomogeneous compositions, there still exists a considerable uncertainty in the radiative transfer numerical simulation, and simulating the scattering properties of aerosol with irregular shapes has become a hotspot in meteorological study. To this end, a new aerosol scattering model is developed based on multi-resolution time-domain (MRTD), by which the scattering processes of nonspherical and inhomogeneous particles can be simulated. In this model, the near electromagnetic field is calculated by MRTD technique. Considering the particularity of aerosol medium, a transformation technique from near field to far field is derived based on volume integration method, and then the scattering amplitude matrix and Meller matrix can be calculated by the obtained far electric field as well. The models for particle extinction and absorption cross section are derived from Maxwell's curl equations in the frequency domain, by which the integration scattering properties can be simulated accurately. The MRTD scattering model is validated by comparing with Mie theory and T matrix method for spherical particle, ellipsoidal particle and cylindrical particle, and the influence of grid size on the simulation accuracy is analyzed subsequently. In the last part, the efficiency of the MRTD scattering model is quantitatively discussed. The simulation results show that the relative errors of scattering phase function simulated by our model are less than 8%, and the errors in forward scattering direction are much smaller, which are less than 4%. The precisions for extinction and absorption efficiency are much higher than the results from the scattering phase function, and the relative errors can reduce to 0.1% for particles with their radii comparable to the wavelength of incident light. The gird size has a significant influence on model precision; to achieve the same accuracy, the grid size first increases with increasing particle radius, and then decreases as a function of particle size for particles with size parameter less than 20. In the next step, we will try to establish the scattering property database of nonspherical particles based on the MRTD scattering model developed here.
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Keywords:
- nonspherical aerosol /
- scattering properties /
- multi-resolution time-domain /
- Meller matrix
[1] Dou T, Xiao C, Shindell D T, Liu J, Ming J, Qin D 2012 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 12 7995
[2] Liou K N, Takano Y 1994 Atmos. Res. 31 271
[3] Intergovernmental Panel of Global Climate Change 2007 IPCC:Climate Change
[4] Liou K N 2003 An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation (San Diego:Academic Press)
[5] Liou K N, Takano Y, Yang P 2013 J. Quantit. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 127 149
[6] Rao R Z 2012 Modern Optics (Beijing:Scientific Express) p31[饶瑞中 2012 现代大气光学(北京:科学出版社)第31页]
[7] Hu S, Gao T C, Li H, Liu L, Liu X C, Zhang T, Cheng T J, Li W T, Dai Z H, Su X J 2016 J. Geophys. Res. 121 doi:101002/2015JD024105
[8] Evans K F, Stephens G L 1991 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 46 413
[9] Evans K F 1998 J. Atmos. Sci. 55 429
[10] Han Y, Wang T J, Rao R Z, Wang Y J 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 7396 (in Chinese)[韩永, 王体健, 饶瑞中, 王英俭 2008 57 7396]
[11] Hu S, Gao T C, Liu L 2014 J. Meteorolog. Sci. 34 612 (in Chinese)[胡帅, 高太长, 刘磊 2014 气象科学 34 612]
[12] Zhang X L, Huang Y B, Rao R Z 2013 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 25 1675 (in Chinese)[张小林, 黄印博, 饶瑞中 2013 强激光与粒子束 25 1675]
[13] Herman M, Deuzé J L, Marchand A, Roger B, Lallart P 2005 J. Geophys. Res. 110 D10S02
[14] Yang P, Liou K N, Bi L, Liu C, Yi B, Baum B A 2015 Adv. Atmos. Sci. 32 32
[15] Mishchenko M I, Hovenier J W, Travis L D 2000 Light Scattering by Nonspherical Particles, Thoery, Measurements, and Application (New York:Academic Press)
[16] Yang P, Liou K N 1995 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 12 12
[17] Mishchenko M I, Travis L D 1998 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 60 309
[18] Bi L, Yang P 2016 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 178 93
[19] Voshchinnikov N V, Farafonov V G 1993 Astrophys. Space Sci. 204 19
[20] Al-Rizzo H M, Tranquilla J M 1995 J. Computat. Phys. 119 356
[21] Harrington R F 1968 Field Computation by Moment Methods (New York:Macmillan)
[22] Draine B T 1988 Astrophys. J. 333 848
[23] Draine B T, Flatau P J 1994 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 11 1491
[24] Morgan M A, Mei K K 1979 IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propagat. 27 202
[25] Liu C, Panetta R L, Yang P 2013 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 129 169
[26] Liu C, Panetta R L, Yang P 2012 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 113 1728
[27] Liu Y, Chen Y, Zhang P 2013 Prog. Electromagn. Res. 143 223
[28] Cheong Y W, Lee Y M, Ra K H, Kang J G, Shin C C 1999 IEEE Microw. Guided Wave Lett. 9 297
[29] Dai S Y, Wu Z S 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 7636 (in Chinese)[代少玉, 吴振森 2008 57 7636]
[30] Bohren C F, Huffman D R 1983 Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles (New York:John Wiley & Sons)
[31] Tentzeris E M, Cangellaris A, Katehi L P B, Harvey J 2003 IEEE Trans. Microw. Tech. 50 501
[32] Liu Y W, Chen Y W, Xu X, Liu Z X 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 034101 (in Chinese)[刘亚文, 陈亦望, 徐鑫, 刘宗信 2013 62 034101]
[33] Gao Q, Cao Q, Zhou J 2009 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications 2009 359-362
[34] Griffiths D J 2014 Introduction to Electrodynamics (third edtion) (New York:Pearson Education)
[35] van der Hulst H C 1981 Light Scattering by Small Particles (New York:Dover Publications)
[36] Curtis D B, Meland B, Aycibin M 2008 J. Geophys. Res. 113 D08210
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[1] Dou T, Xiao C, Shindell D T, Liu J, Ming J, Qin D 2012 Atmos. Chem. Phys. 12 7995
[2] Liou K N, Takano Y 1994 Atmos. Res. 31 271
[3] Intergovernmental Panel of Global Climate Change 2007 IPCC:Climate Change
[4] Liou K N 2003 An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation (San Diego:Academic Press)
[5] Liou K N, Takano Y, Yang P 2013 J. Quantit. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 127 149
[6] Rao R Z 2012 Modern Optics (Beijing:Scientific Express) p31[饶瑞中 2012 现代大气光学(北京:科学出版社)第31页]
[7] Hu S, Gao T C, Li H, Liu L, Liu X C, Zhang T, Cheng T J, Li W T, Dai Z H, Su X J 2016 J. Geophys. Res. 121 doi:101002/2015JD024105
[8] Evans K F, Stephens G L 1991 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 46 413
[9] Evans K F 1998 J. Atmos. Sci. 55 429
[10] Han Y, Wang T J, Rao R Z, Wang Y J 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 7396 (in Chinese)[韩永, 王体健, 饶瑞中, 王英俭 2008 57 7396]
[11] Hu S, Gao T C, Liu L 2014 J. Meteorolog. Sci. 34 612 (in Chinese)[胡帅, 高太长, 刘磊 2014 气象科学 34 612]
[12] Zhang X L, Huang Y B, Rao R Z 2013 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 25 1675 (in Chinese)[张小林, 黄印博, 饶瑞中 2013 强激光与粒子束 25 1675]
[13] Herman M, Deuzé J L, Marchand A, Roger B, Lallart P 2005 J. Geophys. Res. 110 D10S02
[14] Yang P, Liou K N, Bi L, Liu C, Yi B, Baum B A 2015 Adv. Atmos. Sci. 32 32
[15] Mishchenko M I, Hovenier J W, Travis L D 2000 Light Scattering by Nonspherical Particles, Thoery, Measurements, and Application (New York:Academic Press)
[16] Yang P, Liou K N 1995 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 12 12
[17] Mishchenko M I, Travis L D 1998 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 60 309
[18] Bi L, Yang P 2016 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 178 93
[19] Voshchinnikov N V, Farafonov V G 1993 Astrophys. Space Sci. 204 19
[20] Al-Rizzo H M, Tranquilla J M 1995 J. Computat. Phys. 119 356
[21] Harrington R F 1968 Field Computation by Moment Methods (New York:Macmillan)
[22] Draine B T 1988 Astrophys. J. 333 848
[23] Draine B T, Flatau P J 1994 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 11 1491
[24] Morgan M A, Mei K K 1979 IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propagat. 27 202
[25] Liu C, Panetta R L, Yang P 2013 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 129 169
[26] Liu C, Panetta R L, Yang P 2012 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 113 1728
[27] Liu Y, Chen Y, Zhang P 2013 Prog. Electromagn. Res. 143 223
[28] Cheong Y W, Lee Y M, Ra K H, Kang J G, Shin C C 1999 IEEE Microw. Guided Wave Lett. 9 297
[29] Dai S Y, Wu Z S 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 7636 (in Chinese)[代少玉, 吴振森 2008 57 7636]
[30] Bohren C F, Huffman D R 1983 Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles (New York:John Wiley & Sons)
[31] Tentzeris E M, Cangellaris A, Katehi L P B, Harvey J 2003 IEEE Trans. Microw. Tech. 50 501
[32] Liu Y W, Chen Y W, Xu X, Liu Z X 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 034101 (in Chinese)[刘亚文, 陈亦望, 徐鑫, 刘宗信 2013 62 034101]
[33] Gao Q, Cao Q, Zhou J 2009 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications 2009 359-362
[34] Griffiths D J 2014 Introduction to Electrodynamics (third edtion) (New York:Pearson Education)
[35] van der Hulst H C 1981 Light Scattering by Small Particles (New York:Dover Publications)
[36] Curtis D B, Meland B, Aycibin M 2008 J. Geophys. Res. 113 D08210
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