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The vehicular-to-vehicular (V2V) communications have recently received great attention due to some traffic telematic applications that make transportation safer, more efficient, and more environmentally friendly. Reliable traffic telematic applications and services require V2V wireless communication systems to be able to provide robust connectivity. To develop such wireless communication systems and standards, accurate channel models for the V2V communication systems are required. In this paper, a geometric street scattering channel model for a V2V communication system is presented under line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) propagation conditions. Starting from the geometric model, a stochastic reference channel model is developed, where the scatterers are uniformly distributed in rectangles in the form of stripes parallel to both sides of the street. A typical propagation scenario for the proposed model is presented, where the buildings and the trees can be considered as scatterers. Analytical expressions for the probability density functions (PDFs) of the angle-of-departure (AOD) and the angle-of-arrival (AOA) are derived. By obtaining the PDF of the total Doppler frequency, the Doppler power spectral density (PSD) and the autocorrelation function (ACF) of the proposed model are also investigated and computed, assuming that the mobile transmitter (MT) and the mobile receiver (MR) are moving, while the surrounding scatterers are fixed. In this respect the underlying radio channel model differs from the traditional cellular channels. We can draw the conclusion that the PDFs of AOD and AOA first increase and then decrease within a certain angle range; the Doppler power spectral density of the signal in the outdoor street environment presents the peak value in fmax. In addition, while the Rice distribution factor is larger, the value of the autocorrelation function increases relatively, the stability of the fluctuation increases correspondingly as well. To validate the reference channel model, its Doppler parameters are compared with those of a real-world measured channel for urban and rural areas. The numerical results show a good fitting of the theoretical results to the computer simulations. In the proposed geometry-based channel model, we not only study the influence of the street scatterers on the performance of V2V communication system, but also broaden the research of the channel modeling of outdoor wireless communication in turn. To evaluate the propagation characteristics of the outdoor V2V communication systems and the simulation of wireless communication system, this paper provides a powerful research tool.
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Keywords:
- vehicular-to-vehicular communication systems /
- Doppler power spectral density /
- reference channel model /
- autocorrelation functions
[1] Qu F, Wang F Y, Yang L 2010 IEEE Commun. Magazine 48 136
[2] Ptzold M, Hogstad B O 2004 Proc. 60th IEEE Semiannual Veh. Technol. Conf. Los Angeles, USA, September 1-4, 2004 p144
[3] Zhou J, Jiang H, Hisakazu K, Shao G F 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 140506 (in Chinese) [周杰, 江浩, 菊池久和, 邵根富 2014 63 140506]
[4] Ptzold M, Hogstad B O 2008 Wireless Commun. Mobile Computing 8 597
[5] Oda Y, Tsunekawa K, Hatay M 2000 IEEE Antennas and Propagation for Wireless Communications Waltham, Massachusetts, November 6-8, 2000 pp87-90
[6] Ptzold M, Hogstad B O 2004 Wireless Commun. Mobile Computing. 4 727
[7] Byers G J, Takawira F 2004 IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 53 634
[8] Ma Y, Ptzold M 2007 International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications, India, December 3-4, 2007 pp380-384
[9] Kong S H 2009 IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun. 5 2609
[10] Akki A S, Haber F 1986 IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 35 2
[11] Chelli A, Ptzold M 2007 Proc. 4th IEEE International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems Trondheim, Norway, Oct. 4-9, 2007 pp792-797
[12] Chelli A, Ptzold M 2009 Proc. Wireless Communications and Signal Processing Nanjing, China, Nov. 9-11, 2009 pp1-5
[13] Ma Y, Ptzold M 2010 Proc. Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT) Moscow, Russia, Oct. 3-7, 2010 p777
[14] Ma Y, Ptzold M 2010 Proc. 71st IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf., VTC 2010-Spring Taipei, Taiwan, May 4-10, 2010 p1
[15] Jiang H, Zhou J 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 048702 (in Chinese) [江浩, 周杰 2014 63 048702]
[16] Gutierrez C A, Ptzold M 2009 Workshop on Mobile Computing and Networking Technol. Petersburg, Russia, February 4-7, 2009 pp1-5
[17] Zhou J, Cao Z, Kikuchi H 2015 Journal of Harbin Engineering University 36 1153 (in Chinese) [周杰, 曹志钢, 菊池久和 2015 哈尔滨工程大学学报 36 1153]
[18] Janaswamy R 2002 IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 51 1242
[19] Baltzis K B, Sahalos J N 2008 Wireless Personal Commun. 51 329
[20] Tan I, Wanbin T, Laberteaux K, Bahai A 2008 Proc. IEEE ICC'08, 5 4882
[21] Alsehaili M, Noghanian S R, Sebak A 2010 Prog. Electromagnet. Res. 109 191
[22] Zhou J, Cao Z, Kikuchi H 2014 IET Commun. 8 1
[23] Avazov N, Ptzold M 2011 Adv. Technol. for Commun. (ATC), 2011 International Conf. on. IEEE 2011 224
[24] Avazov N, Ptzold M 2013 Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Commun. (PIMRC), 2013 IEEE 24th International Symposium on. IEEE 2013 253
[25] Zhou J, Wang Y L 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 240507 (in Chinese) [周杰, 王亚林 2014 63 240507]
[26] Papoulis A, Pillai S U 2002 Probability, Random Variables, and Stochastic Processes (USA: Tata McGraw-Hill Education) pp89-98
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[1] Qu F, Wang F Y, Yang L 2010 IEEE Commun. Magazine 48 136
[2] Ptzold M, Hogstad B O 2004 Proc. 60th IEEE Semiannual Veh. Technol. Conf. Los Angeles, USA, September 1-4, 2004 p144
[3] Zhou J, Jiang H, Hisakazu K, Shao G F 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 140506 (in Chinese) [周杰, 江浩, 菊池久和, 邵根富 2014 63 140506]
[4] Ptzold M, Hogstad B O 2008 Wireless Commun. Mobile Computing 8 597
[5] Oda Y, Tsunekawa K, Hatay M 2000 IEEE Antennas and Propagation for Wireless Communications Waltham, Massachusetts, November 6-8, 2000 pp87-90
[6] Ptzold M, Hogstad B O 2004 Wireless Commun. Mobile Computing. 4 727
[7] Byers G J, Takawira F 2004 IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 53 634
[8] Ma Y, Ptzold M 2007 International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications, India, December 3-4, 2007 pp380-384
[9] Kong S H 2009 IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun. 5 2609
[10] Akki A S, Haber F 1986 IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 35 2
[11] Chelli A, Ptzold M 2007 Proc. 4th IEEE International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems Trondheim, Norway, Oct. 4-9, 2007 pp792-797
[12] Chelli A, Ptzold M 2009 Proc. Wireless Communications and Signal Processing Nanjing, China, Nov. 9-11, 2009 pp1-5
[13] Ma Y, Ptzold M 2010 Proc. Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT) Moscow, Russia, Oct. 3-7, 2010 p777
[14] Ma Y, Ptzold M 2010 Proc. 71st IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf., VTC 2010-Spring Taipei, Taiwan, May 4-10, 2010 p1
[15] Jiang H, Zhou J 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 048702 (in Chinese) [江浩, 周杰 2014 63 048702]
[16] Gutierrez C A, Ptzold M 2009 Workshop on Mobile Computing and Networking Technol. Petersburg, Russia, February 4-7, 2009 pp1-5
[17] Zhou J, Cao Z, Kikuchi H 2015 Journal of Harbin Engineering University 36 1153 (in Chinese) [周杰, 曹志钢, 菊池久和 2015 哈尔滨工程大学学报 36 1153]
[18] Janaswamy R 2002 IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 51 1242
[19] Baltzis K B, Sahalos J N 2008 Wireless Personal Commun. 51 329
[20] Tan I, Wanbin T, Laberteaux K, Bahai A 2008 Proc. IEEE ICC'08, 5 4882
[21] Alsehaili M, Noghanian S R, Sebak A 2010 Prog. Electromagnet. Res. 109 191
[22] Zhou J, Cao Z, Kikuchi H 2014 IET Commun. 8 1
[23] Avazov N, Ptzold M 2011 Adv. Technol. for Commun. (ATC), 2011 International Conf. on. IEEE 2011 224
[24] Avazov N, Ptzold M 2013 Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Commun. (PIMRC), 2013 IEEE 24th International Symposium on. IEEE 2013 253
[25] Zhou J, Wang Y L 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 240507 (in Chinese) [周杰, 王亚林 2014 63 240507]
[26] Papoulis A, Pillai S U 2002 Probability, Random Variables, and Stochastic Processes (USA: Tata McGraw-Hill Education) pp89-98
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