Hydrogen storage properties of Li-decorated C24 clusters

Qi Peng-Tang; Chen Hong-Shan

doi:10.7498/aps.64.238102

Abstract

Hydrogen is considered as a potentially ideal substitution for fossil fuels in the future sustainable energy system because it is an abundant, clean and renewable energy carrier. A safe, efficient and economic storage method is the crucial prerequistite and the biggest challenge for the wide scale use of hydrogen. The nanomaterial is one of the most promising hydrogen storage materials because of its high surface to volume ratio, unique electronic structure and novel chemical and physical properties. It has been demonstrated that pristine nanostructures are not suitable for hydrogen storage, since they interact weakly with hydrogen molecule and their hydrogen storage density is very low. However, the hydrogen storage capacity of the nanostructures can be significantly enhanced through substitutional doping or decoration by metal atoms. Using density functional theory, we investigate the properties of hydrogen adsorption on Li-decorated C24clusters. Results show that the preferred binding site for Li atom is the pentagonal rings. The interaction of Li atoms with the clusters is stronger than that among Li atoms, thus hindering effectively aggregation of Li atoms on the surface of the cluster. The decorated Li atoms are positively charged due to electron transfer from Li to C atoms. When H2 molecules approach Li atoms, they are moderately polarized under the electric field, and adsorbed around the Li atoms in molecular form. Each Li atom in the Li-decorated C24 complexes can adsorb two to three H2 molecules. The H-H bond lengths of the adsorbed H2 molecules are slightly stretched. The average adsorption energies are in the range of 0.08 to 0.13 eV/H2, which are intermediate between physisorption and chemisorption. C24Li6 can hold up to 12 H2 molecules, corresponding to a hydrogen uptake density of 6.8 wt%. This value exceeds the 2020 hydrogen storage target of 5.5 wt% proposed by the U. S. Department of Energy.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, China

Corresponding author: Chen Hong-Shan, chenhs@nwnu.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11164024), and the Northwest Normal University (Grant No. NWNU-KJCXGC-03-62).

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[50]	Miehlich B, Savin A, Stoll H, Preuss H 1989 Chem. Phys. Lett. 157 200
[51]	Lu T, Chen F W 2012 J. Comp. Chem. 33 580
[52]	Martin J M L, El-Yazal J, Francois J P 1996 Chem. Phys. Lett. 255 7
[53]	Jones R O, Seifert G 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 443
[54]	Jensen F, Koch H 1998 J. Chem. Phys. 108 3213
[55]	An W, Shao N, Bulusu S, Zeng X C 2008 J. Chem. Phys. 128 084301
[56]	Chen Z F, Jiao H J, Bhl M, Hirsch A, Thiel W 2001 Theor. Chem. Acc. 106 352
[57]	Paulus B 2003 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 5 3364
[58]	Malolepsza E, Witek H A, Irle S 2007 J. Phys. Chem. A111 6649
[59]	Peng S, Li X J, Zhang Y, Zhao S 2009 J. Struct. Chem. 50 1046
[60]	Moradi M, Peyghan A A, Bagheri Z, Kamfiroozi M 2012 J. Mol. Model 18 3535

Cited By

[1]	Lubitz W, Tumas W 2007 Chem. Rev. 107 3900
[2]	Crabtree G W, Dresselhaus M S, Buchanan M V 2004 Phys. Today 57 39
[3]	Schlapbach L, Zttel A 2001 Natrue 414 353
[4]	Chen P, Zhu M 2008 Mater. Today 11 36
[5]	Graetz J 2009 Chem. Soc. Rev. 38 73
[6]	Jena P 2011 J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2 206
[7]	Liu X Y, He J, Yu J X, Li Z X, Fan Z Q 2014 Chin. Phy. B 23 067303
[8]	Bhatia S K, Myers A L 2006 Langmuir 221688
[9]	Lochan R C, Gordon M H 2006 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 8 1357
[10]	Eberle U, Felderhoff M, Schth F 2009 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 48 6608
[11]	Park N, Hong S, Kim G, Jhi S H 2007 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129 8999
[12]	U. S. Department of Energy, Hydrogen, fuel cells program: FY 2014 Annual Progress Report
[13]	Yang J, Sudik A, Wolvertonb C, Siegel D J 2010 Chem. Soc. Rev. 39 656
[14]	Mandal T K, Gregory D H 2009 Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem. Sect. A 105 21
[15]	Zhao Y C, Dai Z H, Sui P F, Zhang X L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 137301 (in Chinese) [赵银昌, 戴振宏, 隋鹏飞, 张晓玲 2013 62 137301]
[16]	Lu Q L, Huang S G, Li Y D 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 213601 (in Chinese) [卢其亮, 黄守国, 李宜德 2013 62 213601]
[17]	Tang C M, Wang C J, Gao F Z, Zhang Y J, Xu Y, Gong J F 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 096103 (in Chinese) [唐春梅, 王成杰, 高凤志, 张轶杰, 徐燕, 巩江峰 2015 64 096103]
[18]	Schur D V, Zaginaichenko S Y, Savenko A F, Bogolepov V A, Anikina N S, Zolotarenko A D, Matysina Z A, Veziroglu T N, Skryabina N E 2011 Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 36 1143
[19]	Henwood D, Carey J D 2007 Phys. Rev. B 75 245413
[20]	Zhou Z, Zhao J J, Chen Z F, Gao X P, Yan T Y, Wen B, Schleyer P V 2006 J. Phys. Chem. B 110 13363
[21]	Kim Y H, Zhao Y Y, Wiiliamson A, Heben M J, Zhang S B 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 016102
[22]	Guo Y H, Jiang K, Xu B, Xia Y. D, Yin J, Liu Z G 2012 J. Phys. Chem. C 116 13837
[23]	Pupysheva O V, Farajian A A, Yakobson B I 2008 Nano Lett. 8 767
[24]	Wu M H, Gao Y, Zhang Z Y, Zeng X C 2012 Nanoscale 4 915
[25]	Giri S, Lund F, Núñez A S, Toro-Labbé A 2013 J. Phys. Chem. C 117 5544
[26]	Li M, Li Y F, Zhou Z, Shen P W, Chen Z F 2009 Nano Lett. 9 1944
[27]	An H, Liu C S, Zeng Z 2011 Phys. Rev. B 83 115456
[28]	Tai T B, Nguyen M T 2013 Chem. Commun. 49 913
[29]	Durgun E, Jang Y R, Ciraci S 2007 Phys. Rev. B 76 073413
[30]	Venkataramanan N S, Belosludov R V, Note R, Sahara R, Mizuseki H, Kawazoe Y 2010 Chem. Phys. 377 54
[31]	Lee H, Li J, Zhou G, Duan W, Kim G, lhm J 2008 Phys. Rev. B 77 235101
[32]	Chung T C M, Jeong Y, Chen Q, Kleinhammes A, Wu Y 2008 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 6668
[33]	Chen X W, Yuan F, Gu Q F, Yu X B 2013 J. Mater. Chem. A 1 11705
[34]	Yildrim T, Ciraci S 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 175501
[35]	Zhao Y F, Kim Y H, Dillon A C, Heben J M, Zhang S B 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 155504
[36]	Shin W H, Yang S H, Goddard W A, Kang J K 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 053111
[37]	Sun Q, Wang Q, Jena P 2005 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127 14582
[38]	Venkataramanan N S, Khazaei M, Sahara R, Mizuseki H, Kawazoe Y 2009 Chem. Phys. 359 173
[39]	Guo J, Liu Z G, Liu S Q, Zhao X H, Huang K L 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 023107
[40]	Pan H Z, Wang Y L, He K H, Wei M Z, Ouyang Y, Chen L 2013 Chin. Phy. B 22 067101
[41]	Ran W, Wu D L, Luo W L, Yu X G, Xie A D 2014 Chin. Phy. B 23 023102
[42]	Sun Q, Jena P, Wang Q, Marquez M 2006 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128 9741
[43]	Yoon M, Yang S Y, Hicke C, Wang E, Geohegan D, Zhang Z Y 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 206806
[44]	Cho J H, Park C R 2007 Catal. Today 120 407
[45]	An H, Liu C S, Zeng Z, Fan C, Ju X 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 98 173101
[46]	Li Y C, Zhou G, Li J, Gu B L, Duan W H 2008 J. Phys. Chem. C 112 19268
[47]	Frisch M J, et al. 2004 Gaussian 03. Revision E 01. Gaussian Inc, Wallingford CT
[48]	Becke A D 1993 J. Chem. Phys. 98 5648
[49]	Lee C, Yang W, Parr R G 1988 Phys. Rev. B 37 785
[50]	Miehlich B, Savin A, Stoll H, Preuss H 1989 Chem. Phys. Lett. 157 200
[51]	Lu T, Chen F W 2012 J. Comp. Chem. 33 580
[52]	Martin J M L, El-Yazal J, Francois J P 1996 Chem. Phys. Lett. 255 7
[53]	Jones R O, Seifert G 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 443
[54]	Jensen F, Koch H 1998 J. Chem. Phys. 108 3213
[55]	An W, Shao N, Bulusu S, Zeng X C 2008 J. Chem. Phys. 128 084301
[56]	Chen Z F, Jiao H J, Bhl M, Hirsch A, Thiel W 2001 Theor. Chem. Acc. 106 352
[57]	Paulus B 2003 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 5 3364
[58]	Malolepsza E, Witek H A, Irle S 2007 J. Phys. Chem. A111 6649
[59]	Peng S, Li X J, Zhang Y, Zhao S 2009 J. Struct. Chem. 50 1046
[60]	Moradi M, Peyghan A A, Bagheri Z, Kamfiroozi M 2012 J. Mol. Model 18 3535

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Vol. 64, Issue 23 - 2015-12-05

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