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Single-carrier frequency domain equalization (SC-FDE) has drawn increasing researches because of its lower computational complexity and better performance of mitigating intersymbol interference (ISI) as compared with the time domain equalization. The practical SC-FDE systems, however, require the knowledge of the channel frequency domain response and the noise power to calculate filter coefficients of the frequency domain equalizer. Improper channel and noise estimations have been shown to result in error floor at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which may impede the utilization of SC-FDE in the high-rate underwater acoustic (UWA) communications. In this paper, we discuss the possible influence of inaccurate noise estimation on the error floor at high SNR, and propose a joint estimation scheme for the channel time domain and frequency domain responses and also the noise power based on Chu sequence. The channel energy concentration region is determined by the threshold and the sparse channel impulse response (CIR) of UWA channels, used in denoising process of the CIR and the noise power computation. The bite error ratio performance of the SC-FDE variation versus the threshold is simulated via the UWA models, and accurate noise power estimation is shown to be desirable to improve the SC-FDE performance. Numerical examples also indicate that our joint estimation scheme can eliminate the error floor and improve the performance of SC-FDE at high SNR.
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Keywords:
- single-carrier frequency domain equalization /
- channel estimation /
- underwater acoustic communications /
- channel equalization
[1] Chitre M, Shahabudeen S, Freitag L, Stojanovic M 2008 IEEE Coference Oceans 2008 Quebec, Canada, September 15-18, 2008 p1
[2] Zhang J, Zheng Y R, Xiao C S 2008 IEEE Conference Oceans 2008 Quebec, Canada, September 15-18 2008, p1
[3] Zhang J, Zheng Y R 2010 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 128 2910
[4] Li B S, Huang J Zhou S L, Ball K, Stojanovic M, Freitag L 2009 IEEE J. Ocean Eng 34 634
[5] Czylwik A 1997 IEEE Conference VTC Phoenix Arizona, USA, May 4-7, 1997 2 865
[6] Benvenuto N, Tomasin S 2005 IEEE Trans. Communications 53 1867
[7] Benvenuto N, Dinis R, Falconer D, Tomasin S 2010 Proceedings of the IEEE, 98 69
[8] Zhang C, Wang Z C, Pan C Y, Chen S, Li H Z 2011 IEEE Trans. On Vehicular Technology 60 1295
[9] Zhang X, Zhang X J 2013 J. Electronic & Information Technology35 510 (in Chinese) [张歆, 张小蓟2013电子与信息学报35 510]
[10] He C B, Huang J G, Meng Q W, Zhang Q F, Shi W T 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 234301(in Chinese) [何成兵, 黄建国, 孟庆微, 张群飞, 史文涛 2013 62 234301]
[11] Huang G. L, Nix A, Armour S 2010 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference Ottawa, Canada, September 6-9, 2010 p1
[12] Zhang H T, Zhang X, Yang D C 2012 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference Yokohama, Japan, May 6-9 2012, p1
[13] Lam C T, Falconer D D, Danilo-Lemoine F 2008 IEEE J. Selected Areas in Communications 26 348
[14] Coelho F, Dinis R, Montezuma P 2010 Military Communications Conference San Jose, USA, October 31-November 3, p1765
[15] Zheng Y R, Xiao C S 2009 IEEE Trans. on Vehicular Technology 58 815
[16] Wang H S, Zeng G H 2008 Chin. Phys. Soc. 17 4451
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[1] Chitre M, Shahabudeen S, Freitag L, Stojanovic M 2008 IEEE Coference Oceans 2008 Quebec, Canada, September 15-18, 2008 p1
[2] Zhang J, Zheng Y R, Xiao C S 2008 IEEE Conference Oceans 2008 Quebec, Canada, September 15-18 2008, p1
[3] Zhang J, Zheng Y R 2010 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 128 2910
[4] Li B S, Huang J Zhou S L, Ball K, Stojanovic M, Freitag L 2009 IEEE J. Ocean Eng 34 634
[5] Czylwik A 1997 IEEE Conference VTC Phoenix Arizona, USA, May 4-7, 1997 2 865
[6] Benvenuto N, Tomasin S 2005 IEEE Trans. Communications 53 1867
[7] Benvenuto N, Dinis R, Falconer D, Tomasin S 2010 Proceedings of the IEEE, 98 69
[8] Zhang C, Wang Z C, Pan C Y, Chen S, Li H Z 2011 IEEE Trans. On Vehicular Technology 60 1295
[9] Zhang X, Zhang X J 2013 J. Electronic & Information Technology35 510 (in Chinese) [张歆, 张小蓟2013电子与信息学报35 510]
[10] He C B, Huang J G, Meng Q W, Zhang Q F, Shi W T 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 234301(in Chinese) [何成兵, 黄建国, 孟庆微, 张群飞, 史文涛 2013 62 234301]
[11] Huang G. L, Nix A, Armour S 2010 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference Ottawa, Canada, September 6-9, 2010 p1
[12] Zhang H T, Zhang X, Yang D C 2012 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference Yokohama, Japan, May 6-9 2012, p1
[13] Lam C T, Falconer D D, Danilo-Lemoine F 2008 IEEE J. Selected Areas in Communications 26 348
[14] Coelho F, Dinis R, Montezuma P 2010 Military Communications Conference San Jose, USA, October 31-November 3, p1765
[15] Zheng Y R, Xiao C S 2009 IEEE Trans. on Vehicular Technology 58 815
[16] Wang H S, Zeng G H 2008 Chin. Phys. Soc. 17 4451
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